Risk of multiple sclerosis after a first demyelinating syndrome in an Australian Paediatric cohort: clinical, radiological features and application of the McDonald 2010 MRI criteria

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (13) ◽  
pp. 1749-1759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther M Tantsis ◽  
Kristina Prelog ◽  
Fabienne Brilot ◽  
Russell C Dale
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Radiological Features ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Multiple Variables

Background: The risk of multiple sclerosis (MS) is dependent on multiple variables, including geographical location. There is increasing interest in the early recognition and treatment of MS in children. Method: Using univariate and multivariate analysis, we determined the clinical and radiological features that were predictive of MS in 88 children from New South Wales, Australia, with a first acute demyelinating syndrome (ADS) who were followed for a minimum of one year. We tested the McDonald, KIDMUS, Callen and Verhey MRI criteria for paediatric MS. Results: After a mean follow-up of 5.2 years, 13/88 (15%) of children had MS. Using multivariate analysis, preceding infection was protective of MS, and corpus callosal lesions, the combined presence of both well and poorly demarcated lesions, and contrast-enhancing lesions on MRI were predictive of MS. The sensitivity and specificity of the respective radiological criteria were McDonald 2005 (69%, 68%), McDonald 2010 (58%, 95%), KIDMUS (8%, 100%), Callen (69%, 85%) and Verhey (62%, 84%). When McDonald 2010 criteria were applied to baseline and serial scans, the sensitivity and specificity was 91% and 93%. Conclusion: Despite the long follow-up, the risk of MS appears lower in New South Wales children compared to previously reported cohorts. Radiological features are more predictive than clinical features in predicting MS. The McDonald 2010 criteria performed well although the dissemination in time criteria on baseline scans is difficult to apply to children with encephalopathy.

Inter-Country Adoption: The Context of Recent Developments and the Need for Research

1990 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian A. English
Keyword(s):  
Family Formation ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Marriage And Family ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Recent Developments

This article explores changes in the patterns of marriage and family formation which preceded and now accompany the growth in inter-country adoption in Australia since 1975. It also describes the major aims and the overall plan for a follow-up study of inter-country adoption in New South Wales.

Living With Multiple Sclerosis in New South Wales, Australia, at the Beginning of the 21st Century: Impact of Mobility Disability

2006 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.L. Tribe ◽  
W.A. Longley ◽  
G. Fulcher ◽  
R.J. Faine ◽  
L. Blagus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Mobility Disability ◽  
Initial Report ◽  
Personal Support ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Full Time Employment

This article is the initial report on the Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Society of New South Wales (NSW) Client Census Database study, a telephone-based cohort study of registered clients of the society in 2001. The final database sample comprised 2618 respondents with a diagnosis of MS from the registered client database, representing 73% of this target client population and an estimated 70% of all people with MS in NSW, Australia. The mean age was 49 years, and mean time since diagnosis was 11 years, with 36% diagnosed in the past 5 years. Approximately three-quarters (74%) were women. The mobility disability profile of the sample covered the entire spectrum, with half reporting being able to walk without a mobility aid and only 17% being confined to a wheelchair. The average age of respondents confined to a wheelchair was 56 years. Most respondents reported other MS symptoms they felt were disabling, such as fatigue and abnormal sensory symptoms. Most were living with a partner or spouse but were less likely to be living with children in the family home than the general NSW population. Only 5% were living in supported accommodations. Only a third of respondents were employed, with greater levels of disability leading to greater levels of unemployment—full-time employment being more adversely affected than part time and men being more disadvantaged than women with MS compared with their general NSW population counterparts. Essential medical care and personal support needs were mostly well met but less reliably so for the most severely disabled respondents and those living farther from major cities. The most frequently reported unmet needs were for breaks from home and employment support. Less than half of the sample reported being on immunotherapy. Those who were on immunotherapy were more likely to be women, employed part time, and experiencing only mild or moderate mobility disability.

A Review of Compulsory Admissions to a Psychiatric Unit in Sydney

1981 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Snowdon
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Total Population ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Main Criterion ◽  
Mental Health Act ◽  
South Wales ◽  
One Year

This study is concerned with compulsory admissions of patients from a defined catchment area of Sydney in 1979. The rate of such detentions under the present Mental Health Act in New South Wales was found to be about one per 1000 of the total population in one year. A much smaller proportion of psychotic than of non-psychotic patients was considered dangerous by doctors who signed the schedules, yet those (40%) requiring to be on compulsory orders after magisterial hearings were all diagnosed as psychotic. If dangerousness were to be the main criterion for compulsory detention under the Mental Health Act (as recently proposed), many psychotic patients could not legally be detained. Yet follow-up, as in this study, demonstrates the benefits of such admissions. Revision of proposed amendments is recommended.

scholarly journals Reproductive Choices of Women With Multiple Sclerosis

2007 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
Martine Sponiar ◽  
Louise Sharpe ◽  
Phyllis Butow ◽  
Gary Fulcher
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Decision Aid ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Secondary Progressive ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Decision Making Tool

A decision aid may be needed for women with multiple sclerosis (MS) in making family-planning choices. Four hundred sixty-one women responded to a mailing asking them where they were in deciding whether to have children. The mailing was sent to female members of the MS Societies in New South Wales and Victoria, Australia, who were between 20 and 40 years of age. Results showed that 46% of respondents were currently unsure about whether they would start, forego, or enlarge their families. More women with relapsing-remitting MS and women who were unsure of their MS type were undecided about motherhood than those with primary progressive and secondary progressive MS. The results indicate that a decision-making tool to assist women with family planning may be useful.

Follow-up of Community Placement of the Chronic Mentally Ill in New South Wales

1990 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gavin Andrews ◽  
Maree Teesson ◽  
Gavin Stewart ◽  
John Hoult
Keyword(s):  
Mentally Ill ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Community Placement ◽  
South Wales

scholarly journals Post-migration follow-up programme for migrants at increased risk of developing tuberculosis: a cohort study

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 00008-2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nishta Kaushik ◽  
Chris Lowbridge ◽  
Gabriella Scandurra ◽  
Claudia C. Dobler
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
High Risk ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Time Of Arrival ◽  
Clinical Notes ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Post Entry

Following pre-migration screening for tuberculosis (TB), migrants who are deemed to be at a high risk of developing TB must attend post-entry follow-up in Australia. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of post-migration TB follow-up in the state of New South Wales to diagnose TB in these high-risk migrants.In this retrospective cohort study, we assessed the risk of TB in migrants who arrived in New South Wales between 2000 and 2015 and were referred for post-migration follow-up. Clinical notes were examined for a nested cohort to determine whether TB was diagnosedviathe follow-up programme orviapassive case finding.Of the 32 550 migrants referred for follow-up, 428 (1.3%) developed TB. The incidence of TB was 436 per 100 000 person-years (95% CI 384–491 per 100 000 person-years) in the first 2 years after arrival and 128 per 100 000 person-years (95% CI 116–140 per 100 000 person-years) over the mean study observation period of 10.3 years. An estimated 63% of cases were diagnosedviafollow-up. TB notifications occurred 0.55 years earlier since time of arrival in Australia in migrants who attended follow-up than in those who did not.Post-migration follow-up detected 63% of TB cases in high-risk migrants and potentially prevented delay of TB diagnosis.

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