Children’s oppositional defiant disorder symptoms make parents difficult to be nice: Longitudinal association among parent emotion regulation, child emotion regulation and children’s oppositional defiant disorder symptoms in Chinese children with oppositional defiant disorder

2021 ◽  
pp. 135910452110558
Author(s):  
Hui Chen ◽  
Ting He ◽  
Min Xu ◽  
Jianjun Zhao ◽  
Longfeng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Oppositional Defiant Disorder ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Odd Symptoms ◽  
Difficulties In Emotion Regulation ◽  
Longitudinal Association ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Longitudinal Relationships

The current study aims to clarify the longitudinal relations among parent emotion regulation (ER), child ER, and children’s oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms. In the current study, parents of 275 children (195 boys, 70.1%) with ODD symptoms ( Mage = 9.32 years, SD = 1.64) reported their ER using the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, child ERs using the Emotion Regulation Checklist, and children’s ODD symptoms using the eight symptoms indicated in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) at three time points (T1, T2, and T3) within 2 years. Results indicated the longitudinal relationships between parent ER and children’s ODD symptoms were directly influenced by each other. Children’s ODD symptoms had important effects on both child ER and parent ER. Findings suggested that to reduce children’s ODD symptoms, it is necessary not only to improve child ER but also to improve parent ER.

Conduct Disorder and Oppositional Defiant Disorder

2020 ◽  
pp. 166-190
Author(s):  
Ingrid Carla Brussier
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Oppositional Defiant Disorder ◽  
Conduct Disorders ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Therapy Options ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Biological Development

This chapter investigates the psychological, physiological, and social aspects of conduct disorder (CD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). These disorders are classified in the disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders class in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (2013). This chapter will consider the symptoms of ODD and CD and their effect on a child's social and biological development. The most common consequences of the disorders will be discussed: for example, the risk for other psychopathologies, social adversities, delinquency, and aggression. These severe outcomes signal the need for therapy options for children and adolescents and the assessment of their efficacy.

Key demographic and mental disorder diagnostic differences between Australian First Nations and non-First Nations clinic-referred children and adolescents assessed in a culturally appropriate and safe way

2021 ◽  
pp. 000486742110638
Author(s):  
Alasdair Vance ◽  
Jo Winther ◽  
Janet McGaw ◽  
Selena White
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Oppositional Defiant Disorder ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Social Adversity

Objective: Increased point prevalence rates of oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder have been reported in American Indian and Canadian First Nations children and adolescents. To date, in Australia, there has been no published examination of standardized Diagnostic and Statistical Manual mental disorder diagnoses in First Nations children and adolescents, determined after addressing key cultural methodological issues. Methods: In all, 113 First Nations children and adolescents and 217 non-First Nations young people, aged 6–16  years, age, gender, mental disorder symptom severity, symptom-linked distress and impairment matched were recruited in a case control study. Also, 112 typically developing non-First Nations participants, age and gender matched to the other two clinical groups as a second comparison group were recruited. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual mental disorder diagnoses via semi-structured clinical interview, social adversity status and full scale IQ were determined in all participants with cultural validity and reliability of the impairing patterns of symptoms in First Nations young people determined by First Nations mental health staff and Aboriginal Health Liaison Officers. Full scale IQ and social adversity status were appropriately controlled in the Logistic Regression analyses of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual mental disorder diagnoses between the two clinical groups. Results: Oppositional defiant disorder was the only diagnostic and statistical manual mental disorder diagnosis that differed between the First Nations and non-First Nations clinical groups, adjusting for confounding by social adversity status and full scale IQ in the multivariable model. The point prevalence of oppositional defiant disorder was 2.94 times higher (95% confidence interval: 1.14–7.69) among the First Nations compared to the non-First Nations clinical group. Conclusion: Key known risk factors for oppositional defiant disorder can be identified early and holistically managed in First Nations young people. This will prevent oppositional defiant disorder decreasing their access to mental health services and increasing their involvement in the criminal justice system. In addition, the resilience building aspects of oppositional defiant disorder that may enhance self-respect need to be nurtured.

The Prevalence and Comorbidity Rates of ADHD Among School-Age Children in Turkey

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1237-1245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adil Zorlu ◽  
Gulsen Unlu ◽  
Burcu Cakaloz ◽  
Mehmet Zencir ◽  
Ahmet Buber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Learning Disorders ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Extended Families ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Dsm Iv

Objective: The aim of the present study was to explore the prevalence and comorbidity rates of ADHD in a community sample of school-age children. Method: Participants were 1,508 children aged 6 to 14 years. Parents and teachers of each child completed the Turgay Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; DSM-IV) Disruptive Behavior Disorders Rating Scale (T- DSM-IV-S). Screen-positive cases were interviewed using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children–Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL). Diagnoses were based on DSM-IV criteria. Results: The prevalence rate of ADHD was 8%. Children from extended families had extremely high rates (46.4%) of ADHD. Sixty percent of children with ADHD had one or more comorbid diagnoses. The most common comorbidities were learning disorders (35.7%) and oppositional defiant disorder (22.6%). Conclusion: The prevalence and comorbidity rates of ADHD in school-age children in Turkey are similar to those found in previous studies in other countries.

Does Anxiety Modify the Risk for, or Severity of, Conduct Problems Among Children With Co-Occurring ADHD: Categorical and Dimensional and Analyses

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 797-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey S. Danforth ◽  
Leonard A. Doerfler ◽  
Daniel F. Connor
Keyword(s):  
Conduct Problems ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Conduct Problem ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Dsm Iv

Objective: The goal was to examine whether anxiety modifies the risk for, or severity of, conduct problems in children with ADHD. Method: Assessment included both categorical and dimensional measures of ADHD, anxiety, and conduct problems. Analyses compared conduct problems between children with ADHD features alone versus children with co-occurring ADHD and anxiety features. Results: When assessed by dimensional rating scales, results showed that compared with children with ADHD alone, those children with ADHD co-occurring with anxiety are at risk for more intense conduct problems. When assessment included a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; DSM-IV) diagnosis via the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Age Children–Epidemiologic Version (K-SADS), results showed that compared with children with ADHD alone, those children with ADHD co-occurring with anxiety neither had more intense conduct problems nor were they more likely to be diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder or conduct disorder. Conclusion: Different methodological measures of ADHD, anxiety, and conduct problem features influenced the outcome of the analyses.

scholarly journals Komorbiditas pada anak gangguan pemusatan perhatian dan hiperaktivitas (GPPH) pada 20 Sekolah Dasar di Kota Manado

e-CliniC ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niluh Dewi Ratnasari ◽  
Theresia M. D. Kaunang ◽  
Anita E. Dundu
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Oppositional Defiant Disorder ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Adhd Children

Abstract: Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the main problems in psychiatry which is often found in children under age of 7 years. ADHD is associated with comorbidities which are: oppositional defiant disorder, conduction disorder, anxiety disorder, depression, and learning disability. This study was aimed to determine the comorbidities in ADHD children. This was a descriptive-quantitative study with a cross sectional design conducted 20 elementary schools in Manado from November 2015 to January 2016. Respondents were students of class 1 to class 6 elementary school aged 6-12 years obtained by using purposive sampling method. Instrument of this study was based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 (DSM-5). The results showed that of the total 5,725 students, there were 611 students that had been screened for ADHD and 143 students (23%) had comorbid of ADHD. Based on gender, there were 82 males (57.3%) and 61 females (42.7%); the highest percentage were age 11 years old (27.3%). The comorbidities were as follows: oppositional defiant disorder (65.7%), conduct disorder (17.5%), autism spectrum disorder (28.7%), anxiety disorder (22.4%), developmental coordination disorder (23.1%), depression disorder (23.1%), physical abuse (11.2%), and emotional abuse (53.8%). Conclusion: The most common comorbidity in children with ADHD at 20 elementary schools in Manado was oppositional defiant disorder.Keywords: comorbidity, ADHD, children, manado Abstrak: Gangguan pemusatan perhatian dan hiperaktivitas (GPPH) merupakan salah satu masalah psikiatri utama yang sering ditemukan pada anak di bawah usia 7 tahun. GPPH memiliki keterkaitan dengan komorbiditas. Komorbiditas pada GPPH yang paling sering ialah gangguan menentang oposisional, gangguan konduksi, gangguan kecemasan, depresi, dan ketidakmampuan belajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komorbiditas pada anak GPPH. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif-kuantitatif dengan desain potong lintang yang dilakukan pada 20 sekolah dasar di Kota Manado dari bulan November 2015 sampai Januari 2016. Responden diperoleh dengan metode purposive sampling yaitu siswa-siswi kelas 1 sampai kelas 6 sekolah dasar usia 6-12 tahun. Instrumen penelitian komorbiditas yang digunakan berdasarkan Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 (DSM-5). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari keseluruhan 5.725 siswa, yang telah terskrinning GPPH berjumlah 611 siswa, dan 143 siswa (23%) mengalami komorbiditas pada GPPH. Berdasarkan jenis kelamin laki-laki 82 responden (57,3%) dan perempuan 61 responden (42,7%) terbanyak pada usia 11 tahun (27,3%). Hasil komorbiditas ialah sebagai berikut: gangguan perilaku menentang oposisional (65,7%), gangguan konduksi (17,5%), gangguan spektrum autisme (28,7%), gangguan kecemasan (22,4%), gangguan perkembangan koordinasi (23,1%), gangguan depresi (23,1%), gangguan kekerasan fisik (11,2%), dan gangguan kekerasan emosional (53,8%). Simpulan: Komorbiditas terbanyak pada anak dengan GPPH yang ditemukan pada 20 sekolah dasar di Kota Manado ialah gangguan menentang oposisional.Kata kunci: komorbiditas, GPPH, anak, Manado

Comparison of Three Questionnaires to Screen for Borderline Personality Disorder in Adolescents and Young Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne van Alebeek ◽  
Paul T. van der Heijden ◽  
Christel Hessels ◽  
Melissa S.Y. Thong ◽  
Marcel van Aken
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Patient Questionnaire ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm Iv

Abstract. One of the most common personality disorders among adolescents and young adults is the Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). The objective of current study was to assess three questionnaires that can reliably screen for BPD in adolescents and young adults (N = 53): the McLean Screening Instrument for BPD (MSI-BPD; Zanarini et al., 2003 ), the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire 4th edition – BPD scale (PDQ-4 BPD; Hyler, 1994 ), and the SCID-II Patient Questionnaire – BPD scale (SCID-II-PQ BPD). The nine criteria of BPD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSM-IV; APA, 1994 ) were measured with the Structural Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II disorders – BPD scale (SCID-II; First, Spitzer, Gibbon, Williams, & Benjamin, 1995 ). Correlations between the questionnaires and the SCID-II were calculated. In addition, the sensitivity and specificity of the questionnaires were tested. All instruments predicted the BPD diagnosis equally well.

The Classification of Eating Disorders

2010 ◽  
pp. 7-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn H. Gordon ◽  
Jill M. Holm-Denoma ◽  
Ross D. Crosby ◽  
Stephen A. Wonderlich
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Text Revision ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Dsm Iv

The purpose of the chapter is to elucidate the key issues regarding the classification of eating disorders. To this end, a review of nosological research in the area of eating disorders is presented, with a particular focus on empirically based techniques such as taxometric and latent class analysis. This is followed by a section outlining areas of overlap between the current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR; American Psychiatric Association, 2000) eating disorder categories and their symptoms. Next, eating disorder classification models that are alternatives to the DSM-IV-TR are described and critically examined in light of available empirical data. Finally, areas of controversy and considerations for change in next version of the DSM (i.e., the applicability of DSM criteria to minority groups, children, males; the question of whether clinical categories should be differentiated from research categories) are discussed.

scholarly journals DSM-IV defined conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorder: an investigation of shared liability in female twins

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 1053-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. Knopik ◽  
L. C. Bidwell ◽  
C. Flessner ◽  
N. Nugent ◽  
L. Swenson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Oppositional Defiant Disorder ◽  
Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Genetic Influences ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Shared Genetic

BackgroundDSM-IV specifies a hierarchal diagnostic structure such that an oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) diagnosis is applied only if criteria are not met for conduct disorder (CD). Genetic studies of ODD and CD support a combination of shared genetic and environmental influences but largely ignore the imposed diagnostic structure.MethodWe examined whether ODD and CD share an underlying etiology while accounting for DSM-IV diagnostic specifications. Data from 1446 female twin pairs, aged 11–19 years, were fitted to two-stage models adhering to the DSM-IV diagnostic hierarchy.ResultsThe models suggested that DSM-IV ODD–CD covariation is attributed largely to shared genetic influences.ConclusionsThis is the first study, to our knowledge, to examine genetic and environmental overlap among these disorders while maintaining a DSM-IV hierarchical structure. The findings reflect primarily shared genetic influences and specific (i.e. uncorrelated) shared/familial environmental effects on these DSM-IV-defined behaviors. These results have implications for how best to define CD and ODD for future genetically informed analyses.

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