The Prevalence and Comorbidity Rates of ADHD Among School-Age Children in Turkey

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1237-1245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adil Zorlu ◽  
Gulsen Unlu ◽  
Burcu Cakaloz ◽  
Mehmet Zencir ◽  
Ahmet Buber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Learning Disorders ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Extended Families ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Dsm Iv

Objective: The aim of the present study was to explore the prevalence and comorbidity rates of ADHD in a community sample of school-age children. Method: Participants were 1,508 children aged 6 to 14 years. Parents and teachers of each child completed the Turgay Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; DSM-IV) Disruptive Behavior Disorders Rating Scale (T- DSM-IV-S). Screen-positive cases were interviewed using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children–Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL). Diagnoses were based on DSM-IV criteria. Results: The prevalence rate of ADHD was 8%. Children from extended families had extremely high rates (46.4%) of ADHD. Sixty percent of children with ADHD had one or more comorbid diagnoses. The most common comorbidities were learning disorders (35.7%) and oppositional defiant disorder (22.6%). Conclusion: The prevalence and comorbidity rates of ADHD in school-age children in Turkey are similar to those found in previous studies in other countries.

Does Anxiety Modify the Risk for, or Severity of, Conduct Problems Among Children With Co-Occurring ADHD: Categorical and Dimensional and Analyses

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 797-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey S. Danforth ◽  
Leonard A. Doerfler ◽  
Daniel F. Connor
Keyword(s):  
Conduct Problems ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Conduct Problem ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Dsm Iv

Objective: The goal was to examine whether anxiety modifies the risk for, or severity of, conduct problems in children with ADHD. Method: Assessment included both categorical and dimensional measures of ADHD, anxiety, and conduct problems. Analyses compared conduct problems between children with ADHD features alone versus children with co-occurring ADHD and anxiety features. Results: When assessed by dimensional rating scales, results showed that compared with children with ADHD alone, those children with ADHD co-occurring with anxiety are at risk for more intense conduct problems. When assessment included a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; DSM-IV) diagnosis via the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Age Children–Epidemiologic Version (K-SADS), results showed that compared with children with ADHD alone, those children with ADHD co-occurring with anxiety neither had more intense conduct problems nor were they more likely to be diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder or conduct disorder. Conclusion: Different methodological measures of ADHD, anxiety, and conduct problem features influenced the outcome of the analyses.

The Prevalence of ADHD in Fayoum City (Egypt) Among School-Age Children: Depending on a DSM-5-Based Rating Scale

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad A. Aboul-ata ◽  
Fatma A. Amin
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
First Time

Objective: In the present study, we created a new valid rating scale to estimate the prevalence of ADHD among school-age children in Fayoum City. Method: We conducted two consequential studies (Studies 1 and 2). In Study 1, the sample comprised 106 children. The ages of the sample participants ranged between 6 and 14 years. The purpose of that study was to validate a new Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM-5)-based ADHD rating scale. In Study 2, the sample consisted of 420 children with ages ranging from 6 to 14 years. We used the new rating scale to estimate the prevalence of ADHD. Results: The first study showed that the new rating scale for ADHD was valid. The second study revealed that the prevalence of ADHD in Fayoum City was 20.5%, with 33.8% among boys and 6.8% among girls. Conclusion: We validated a new ADHD rating scale and estimated the prevalence of ADHD in Fayoum City for the first time in Egypt.

Demographic Differences in Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder Symptoms in ADHD, Autism, and General Population Samples

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 849-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan D. Mayes ◽  
Susan L. Calhoun ◽  
James G. Waxmonsky ◽  
Cari Kokotovich ◽  
Raman Baweja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Demographic Differences ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Almost All ◽  
New Diagnosis ◽  
Mood Dysregulation

Objective: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM-5) disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) is a controversial new diagnosis. No studies have investigated DMDD symptoms (irritable-angry mood and temper outbursts) and demographics in general population and psychiatric samples. Method: Maternal ratings of DMDD symptoms and diagnoses, age, gender, IQ, race, and parent occupation were analyzed in general population ( n = 665, 6-12 years) and psychiatric samples ( n = 2,256, 2-16 years). Results: Percentage of school-age children with DMDD symptoms were 9% general population, 12% ADHD-I, 39% ADHD-C, and 43% autism. Male, nonprofessional parent, and autism with IQ > 80 were associated with increasing DMDD symptoms, but demographics together explained only 2% to 3% of the DMDD score variance. Conclusion: Demographics contributed little to the presence of DMDD symptoms in all groups, whereas oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) explained most of the variance. Almost all children with DMDD symptoms had ODD suggesting that DMDD may not be distinct from ODD.

scholarly journals Prevalence and stability of insomnia from preschool to early adolescence: a prospective cohort study in Norway

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e000660
Author(s):  
Jonas Falch-Madsen ◽  
Lars Wichstrøm ◽  
Ståle Pallesen ◽  
Silje Steinsbekk
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Time Point

BackgroundThere is limited knowledge about the prevalence and stability of insomnia defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). We therefore provide such estimates from preschool to early adolescence and explore potential sex differences.MethodsWe followed a representative community sample (n=1037) biennially from 4 to 14 years of age (2007–2017). Insomnia diagnoses and symptoms were captured by a semistructured clinical interview of parents and children (from age 8 years).ResultsAt ages 4 and 6 years approximately 2.5% of children met the criteria for insomnia, whereas at ages 8, 10, 12 and 14 years the prevalence ranged from 7.5% to 12.3%. During the 10-year period examined nearly 1 in 5 children had insomnia at least once (18.7%). Sex differences were apparent with DSM-IV, but not DSM-5, criteria: boys (8.1%) had more insomnia than girls (4.5%) did at ages 4–10 years, whereas girls (11.4%) had more insomnia than boys (7.1%) did at ages 12 and 14 years. Insomnia proved stable, with 22.9%–40.1% of children retaining their diagnosis 2 years later. Having current insomnia produced medium to large ORs of between 5.1 (95% CI 2.6 to 9.8) and 15.3 (95% CI 4.4 to 52.9) for subsequent insomnia 2 years later compared with not having preceding insomnia.ConclusionsInsomnia was less prevalent than previous research indicates, with nearly 1 in 5 participants having insomnia at least once between the ages of 4 and 14 years. Female preponderance emerged in early adolescence. Having insomnia at one time point was a considerable risk for subsequent insomnia, indicating that insomnia is persistent and warrants clinical attention.

Criteria and Concurrent Validity of DIVA 2.0: A Semi-Structured Diagnostic Interview for Adult ADHD

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 1126-1135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga ◽  
Viviana Nasillo ◽  
Vanesa Richarte ◽  
Montserrat Corrales ◽  
Felipe Palma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Structured Diagnostic Interview ◽  
First Time

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess for the first time the criterion validity of the semi-structured Diagnostic Interview for ADHD in adults (DIVA 2.0), and its concurrent validity in comparison with the Conners’ Adult ADHD Diagnostic Interview for DSM-IV (CAADID) and other ADHD severity scales, following the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; DSM-IV) criteria. Method: A transversal study was performed on 40 out-patients with ADHD to check the criteria and concurrent validity of the DIVA 2.0 compared with the CAADID. Results: The DIVA 2.0 interview showed a diagnostic accuracy of 100% when compared with the diagnoses obtained with the CAADID interview. The concurrent validity demonstrated good correlations with three self-reported rating scales: the Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS; r = .544, p < .0001), the ADHD-Rating Scale ( r = .720, p < .0001), and Sheehan’s Dysfunction Inventory ( r = .674, p < .0001). Conclusion: The DIVA 2.0 is a reliable tool for assessing and diagnosing Adult ADHD and is the only one that offers free online access for clinical and research purposes.

Psycho-Educational Evaluations for University Students in One Clinic

2007 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 501-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Cellucci ◽  
Petra Remsperger ◽  
Erin McGlade
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
University Students ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Americans With Disabilities Act ◽  
Learning Disorders ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
The University

The number of university students requesting services based on the Americans with Disabilities Act for learning disabilities and ADHD-related difficulties has increased, although there are limited reports in the literature describing these evaluations. The current study describes a sample of 140 individuals (59% women) who presented for psycho-educational evaluation at the university psychology clinic. The students were individually administered self-report, cognitive, academic, and attention measures as indicated, and diagnosed according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Difficulties with mathematics, attention, and reading concerns were the most frequent presenting complaints. 46 students met criteria for one or more learning disorders and 20 students met criteria for a diagnosis of ADHD. Test scores are summarized and findings compared with the literature.

scholarly journals Prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity and other disruptive behaviour disorder symptoms among primary school-age children in Kayseri, Turkey

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesile Senol ◽  
Demet Unalan ◽  
Raziye Peksen Akca ◽  
Mustafa Basturk
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Disruptive Behaviour ◽  
School Age ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Disruptive Behaviour Disorders ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Primary School Age

Objectives This study aimed to determine the prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and conduct disorder (CD), and their influencing factors on primary school-age children. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among 2045 students, 7–15 years old, who were randomly selected from seven schools in Kayseri, Turkey, in 2012. Participants were stratified by socioeconomic status. Data were collected using the Turgay DSM-IV-Based Child and Adolescent Behavioural Disorders Screening and Rating Scale (T-DSM-IV-S). For statistical analyses, the t-test and analysis of variance were used. Results Rates of disruptive behaviour disorders (DBDs) among children were as follows: ADHD, 6.2%; CD, 14.4%; and ODD, 6.7%. The prevalence of ADHD was higher in boys and children whose mothers were homemakers and from poorly-educated and low-income families, compared with their peers. CD was more prevalent among boys and children 13–15 years old, whose parents had low income levels and were separated. ODD was higher in boys and children whose mothers were homemakers. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the overall prevalence of DBDs in our study area is 27.4%, which is similar to the pooled worldwide prevalence. Adverse family factors are closely associated with the prevalence of DBDs.

Prevalence of Oppositional Defiant Disorder in a Sample of Spanish Schoolchildren

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Meisel ◽  
Mateu Servera ◽  
Esther Cardo ◽  
Gloria García-Banda
Keyword(s):  
Oppositional Defiant Disorder ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Teachers And Parents

AbstractThe aim of this study is to determine the prevalence rate of ODD in school age children, and analyze the variability of the prevalence rates per informant, according to the sources of information, sex, age, and level of agreement between teachers and parents. This is an epidemiological study conducted using a community sample extracted by means of multi-stage stratified sampling. The sample consisted of 1,295 children of both sexes from 6 to 8 years old. For diagnostic evaluation, the Oppositional Defiant Disorder Rating Scale (ODDRS-IV) was used. The estimated global prevalence of ODD, detected by all sources is 16.1%. But if we consider the percentage of subjects detected by only one informant, the prevalence rate is 9.5%. The prevalence according to teachers is 5.1% (95% CI = 3.88–6.31), according to fathers is 9% (95% CI = 7.38–10.54), and according to mothers is 9.7% (95% CI = 8.02–11.29). Teachers report more boys with ODD than girls. Results support the idea of high variability in ODD prevalence rates. Our findings suggest that parents are more prone to detect the disorder than teachers, and that boys present ODD more frequently than girls, only when they are evaluated by their teachers.

Tools and Techniques for Evaluating Depression

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 448-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica S. Wehner ◽  
Steven C. Stoner
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Tools And Techniques

Depression is a common and under-recognized disease state usually treated in the outpatient setting. Since it does not usually require sophisticated laboratory tests or physical evaluations as a component of monitoring, depression is a condition that can be managed by pharmacists in any setting. Due to depression’s high prevalence, pharmacists must be aware of the usual presentation so they can better identify patients in need of treatment. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(DSMIV) describes specific criteria needed for the diagnosis of depression to be made. The diagnostic criteria in DSM-IV are essentially the target symptoms used to monitor changes in a patient’s status. Psychometric rating scales assess the severity of psychiatric symptoms in a standardized manner. Several rating scales are currently available to assess depression, including the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale, Beck Depression Inventory and Zung Self-Rating Scale. Rating scales can help pharmacists assess a change in symptoms or determine the baseline severity of symptoms. They also provide a framework to gather information from the patient. By understanding the presentation of depression and simple ways to assess it, pharmacists can be proactive in treating this common and sometimes life-threatening psychiatric disorder.

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of ginkgo preparations for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e020434
Author(s):  
Sufei He ◽  
Miao Wang ◽  
Jinhua Si ◽  
Tianyi Zhang ◽  
Hong Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Dsm Iv

IntroductionAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most commonly diagnosed and treated childhood psychiatric disorders. The analogous diagnosis adopted in Europe is hyperkinetic disorder, which is defined in the WHO’s International Classification of Diseases 10th edition (ICD-10). Hyperkinetic disorder includes more severe conditions. Ginkgo preparations are used in the treatment of ADHD. The present study will assess the efficacy and safety of ginkgo preparations in the treatment of ADHD in the currently published literature.Materials and methodsAll prospective randomised controlled trials (RCTs) will be included in this systematic review. Patients diagnosed with ADHD according to American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders fourth edition (DSM-IV), Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5), ICD-10 or Chinese Classification and Diagnosis of Mental Diseases third edition (CMDD) will be included. A comprehensive search for RCTs to evaluate the effectiveness and tolerance of ginkgo preparations will be performed. The primary outcomes are the ADHD Rating Scale-IV and Revised Conners’ Parent Rating Scale. The secondary outcomes are quality of life evaluated by the KINDL scale, adverse effects/events, Conners’ Teacher Rating Scale, Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD Symptoms and Normal Behaviour Scale and Fremdbeurteilungsbogen für Hyperkinetische Störungen. Exclusion criteria are the following: (1) case reports, not randomised trial, non-comparative studies and (2) patients who were not diagnosed based on DSM-IV, DSM-5, ICD-10 or CMDD. The following databases will be searched from their inception until January 2018: Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, China Biology Medicine Disc, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, Wanfang Database and Chinese Scientific Journals Database. Two authors will independently perform the study selection, extract the data and assess the study quality and risk of bias.Ethics and disseminationThis systematic review does not require ethics approval. It will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42017077190.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document