scholarly journals Racial profiling in the racial welfare state: Examining the order of policing in the Nordic region

2020 ◽  
pp. 136248062091491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Schclarek Mulinari ◽  
Suvi Keskinen
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Racial Profiling ◽  
Imagined Community ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Nordic Region ◽  
Colonial Legacies ◽  
Interview Studies ◽  
Stop And Search ◽  
External Migration ◽  
Empirical Material

This article builds on two interview studies on racial profiling conducted in Finland and Sweden. It examines policing practices in order to elaborate on the understanding of what we define as the ‘racial welfare state’. The analysis draws attention to the ways that bordering practices reproduce racial orders, within and beyond the nation-state. The embeddedness of the Nordic region in the western sphere, with its colonial legacies, is highlighted through the empirical material that focuses on the consequences of internal and external migration controls, as well as more general police stop-and-search practices. The study underlines the need to investigate racial profiling as a practice that enforces an imagined community based not on whiteness in general, but on Nordic whiteness in particular as the norm against which the bodies of ‘others’ are measured.

Is There Racial Discrimination in Police Stop-and-Searches of Black Youth? A Toronto Case Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunliang Meng ◽  
Sulaimon Giwa ◽  
Uzo Anucha
Keyword(s):  
Racial Profiling ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Black Youth ◽  
White People ◽  
Neighbourhood Level ◽  
Neighbourhood Characteristics ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Race And Place ◽  
Stop And Search

Our study investigated racial profiling of Black youth in Toronto and linked this racial profiling to urban disadvantage theory, which highlights neighbourhood-level processes. Our findings provide empirical evidence suggesting that because of racial profiling, Black youth are subject to disproportionately more stops for gun-, traffic-, drug-, and suspicious activity-related reasons. Moreover, they show that drug-related stop-and-searches of Black youth occur most excessively in neighbourhoods where more White people reside and are less disadvantaged, demonstrating that race-and-place profiling of Black youth exists in police stop-and-search practices. This study shows that the theoretical literature in sociology on neighbourhood characteristics can contribute to an understanding of the relationship between race and police stops in the context of neighbourhood. It also discusses the negative impact of racial profiling on Black youth.

6. A fair cop? Policing and social justice

2019 ◽  
pp. 123-144
Author(s):  
Benjamin Bowling ◽  
Robert Reiner ◽  
James Sheptycki
Keyword(s):  
Racial Profiling ◽  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Minority Communities ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Chattel Slavery ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Police Discrimination ◽  
Stop And Search ◽  
Structural Theories ◽  
Police Activity

This chapter examines fairness in policing with reference to issues of race and gender. It first defines the terms of debate—justice, fairness, discrimination—then considers individual, cultural, institutional, and structural theories and applies these to various aspects of policing. It considers the histories of police discrimination in relation to the policing of poverty, chattel slavery, racial segregation, colonialism, religious conflict, and ethnic minority communities, to understand their contemporary legacy. The chapter then examines spheres of police activity where allegations of unfairness and discrimination are particularly salient, including the response to women crime victims of rape and domestic violence, the use of ‘racial profiling’ in stop and search powers, and the use of deadly force. It examines the experiences of people from ethnic minorities, women, gay men, and lesbians within police forces. Through an exploration of the historical and contemporary literature, the chapter draws conclusions on whether or not the police act fairly in democratic societies.

scholarly journals Is There Racial Discrimination in Police Stop-and-Searches of Black Youth? A Toronto Case Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-148
Author(s):  
Yunliang Meng ◽  
Sulaimon Giwa ◽  
Uzo Anucha
Keyword(s):  
Racial Profiling ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Black Youth ◽  
White People ◽  
Neighbourhood Level ◽  
Neighbourhood Characteristics ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Race And Place ◽  
Stop And Search

Our study investigated racial profiling of Black youth in Toronto and linked this racial profiling to urban disadvantage theory, which highlights neighbourhood-level processes. Our findings provide empirical evidence suggesting that because of racial profiling, Black youth are subject to disproportionately more stops for gun-, traffic-, drug-, and suspicious activity-related reasons. Moreover, they show that drug-related stop-and-searches of Black youth occur most excessively in neighbourhoods where more White people reside and are less disadvantaged, demonstrating that race-and-place profiling of Black youth exists in police stop-and-search practices. This study shows that the theoretical literature in sociology on neighbourhood characteristics can contribute to an understanding of the relationship between race and police stops in the context of neighbourhood. It also discusses the negative impact of racial profiling on Black youth.

‘Cunning, Unprincipled, Loathsome’: The Racist Tail Wags the Welfare Dog

2007 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 605-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
GARY CRAIG
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Race Relations ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Immigration Policy ◽  
Community Relations ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Welfare Provision ◽  
British State ◽  
British Culture

AbstractBritain's stance towards ethnic minorities has been janus-faced: developing an increasingly repressive and restrictive stance towards immigration, and – supported by a strident media – portraying minorities and migrants as undermining British culture and values, ‘sponging’ on the welfare state. Immigrants have been characterised as ‘cunning’, ‘loathsome’, ‘unprincipled’ and likely to ‘swamp’ British culture. Domestic policies of successive governments apparently balanced this stance with ‘community’-based initiatives, from race relations policies, community relations policies to present community cohesion policies. These have not fundamentally addressed the racism inherent in immigration policy and practice. The consequence is that the welfare of Britain's minorities – measured by outcomes in every branch of welfare provision – has largely been disregarded by the British state. Despite some liberal initiatives aimed at improving the lot of Britain's minorities, the racism inherent in policy and practice persists.

scholarly journals Performing ‘us’ and ‘other’: Intersectional analyses of right-wing populist media

2020 ◽  
pp. 136754942098000
Author(s):  
Ov Cristian Norocel ◽  
Tuija Saresma ◽  
Tuuli Lähdesmäki ◽  
Maria Ruotsalainen
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
The Past ◽  
Electoral Support ◽  
Central Tenet ◽  
Race And Sexuality ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Empirical Material ◽  
The Welfare State ◽  
The Ideal

Finland and Sweden share the ideal of a Nordic welfare state, with gender equality as a central tenet. In both countries, right-wing populist parties have gained prominence in mainstream politics. Despite similar political agendas at the moment, these parties have different political histories, and different modes of expressing their anti-immigration pleas. In this comparative study, we examine how the distinction between ‘us’ and the ‘other’ is performed intersectionally in terms of gender, social class, ethnicity and ‘race’, and sexuality. For this purpose, we examine empirical material collected from the party newspapers of the Finns Party and the Sweden Democrats, because their content most closely reflects the ideological tenets of these parties. The chosen timeline stretches from 2007 until 2014 and entails the qualitative close reading of 16 issues of each newspaper. We evidence the dynamic between the intersectional analysis that fleshes out the reproduction of categories of difference, and the comparative analysis with its interest in temporal change and the resulting convergence between the two parties’ ideologies. We conclude that, although the Finns Party previously had a more pronounced anti-elitist rhetoric and resorted to class-based antagonism as a means to garner electoral support, it subsequently moved closer to the anti-immigration agenda around issues of protecting national identity and the welfare state that has characterised the political platform of the Sweden Democrats over the past decade. This temporal awareness allowed us to document the Sweden Democrats’ ideological consistency over the examined timeframe, emphasising the party’s quest to rebuild the (Swedish) ‘people’s home’ and to exclude the racialised Muslim ‘other’.

Towards a Schumpeterian Workfare Regime in Britain? Reflections on Regulation, Governance, and Welfare State

1995 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 1613-1626 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Jessop
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Politics Of Identity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Relative Neglect ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Regulation Approach ◽  
Theoretical Issues ◽  
Empirical Material ◽  
The Welfare State

In this paper I offer various comments on the contributions on economic and social policy in this special issue of Environment and Planning A. The contributions range from general theoretical reflections on regulation, governance, the politics of identity, and the welfare state to rich, detailed case studies of restructuring and reorientation in specific policy areas. Taken together these papers not only provide telling empirical material on recent dramatic changes in the British welfare state, but they also have important implications for a wide range of theoretical and methodological issues concerning the regulation approach. My own comments are also wide ranging but far less detailed. They focus on some key issues which arise in several of the papers and/or which pose more general questions regarding regulation-theoretic and state-theoretic analyses of contemporary Britain. Thus I first consider some methodological issues posed by the contributors' use of the regulation approach to contextualize and/or explain recent changes in the British welfare state. I then address some theoretical issues posed by their relative neglect of the distinctive political dynamic of the postwar British polity and/or the relevance of its distinctive crisis to the recent restructuring of the welfare state. This enables me to address some of the perverse effects of neoliberalism and the extent to which it represents a novel continuation of the crisis of Britain's ‘flawed’ Fordism rather than its resolution. I conclude with some general remarks on the regulation approach.

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