Trade globalization, economic development and the importance of education-as-knowledge

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore J. Babones
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Returns To Education ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Values Survey ◽  
Demand For Education ◽  
The Face

It is widely asserted that globalization puts a premium on knowledge, but in fact there is no empirical correlation across countries between globalization and returns to education. One reason for this discrepancy may be that education is not everywhere coequal with knowledge. In this article the overall contribution of education to income is modelled as the sum of the contributions of two components of education, education-as-knowledge and education-as-credential. Assuming that the former dominates in developed countries while the latter dominates in developing countries, it is possible to separate these two effects. In a broadly comparative analysis of returns to education in 80 countries using World Values Survey data, globalization is found to be positively associated with education in developed countries but negatively associated with education in developing countries, consistent with the model. These results are robust in the face of controls for the supply and demand for education.

Diversity–development nexus: Why determine economic development without diversity? A comparative analysis between developed and developing countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-150
Author(s):  
Saqib Amin
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Religious Diversity ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Developing And Developed Countries

Purpose Diversity plays a vital role in the sustainable development of any country. Discrimination, segregation and bigotry are rampant causes of social evil and do great harm to our society. This study aims to investigate whether ethnic and religious diversity affects the country’s well-being or not, via a comparative analysis between developing and developed countries. Design/methodology/approach This study used a generalized method of moments technique for empirical analysis of 158 developing and developed countries. For measurement of ethnic and religious diversity, this study used ethnic fractionalization index of Alesina (2003). Findings The empirical findings indicate that ethnic and religious diversity both increases the economic prosperity for developed countries, and alternatively, it makes it more miserable for developing countries. This study suggests that organizing a diverse society is a difficult task; thus, developing countries need to promote a cohesive society like developed countries by providing equal, secure and peaceful opportunity to get fruitful results of diverse populations. Originality/value This study investigates a comparative analysis between developing and developed countries regarding impact of ethnic and religious diversity on economic development.

scholarly journals REFUGEES AS A FACTOR OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN HOST COUNTRIES OF MIGRATION

2016 ◽  
pp. 82-89
Author(s):  
R. Stakanov
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Forced Migration ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
The Difference

The article analyses refugee impact on economic development of host countries. About two-thirds of all international migrants reside in 20 countries. Total number of refugees in the world was estimated at 19.5 million people in 2014, the number of refugees reached the highest level since World War II. Unlike the voluntary migration, the vast majority of refugees head towards developing countries. It must be stressed that forced migration flows generate significant negative political and economic consequences for the world as a whole. Forced migrants tend to come to those regions where there are no significant employment opportunities. The assumption that receiving a large number of migrants by developed countries may cause unemployment or reduce wages or leads to a significant increase in the cost of public finances due to the rise in social payments is largely unconfirmed. Forced migration being poorly guided, as it is an intrinsic feature of today's stage, creates significant negative externalities to neighbouring regions and the world at large. There is a sizeable difference between forced and voluntary migration for their economic and political consequences. In terms of economic prospects, the difference between forced and voluntary migration should disappear over time. The paper studied the mismatch of supply and demand for certain skills on the labour market that is much more of a problem for developing countries because they receive large volumes of refugees in relation to the total population of their countries and have far fewer opportunities for leveling the imbalance in the economy by attracting additional amount of capital.

Analysis of Major Problems Faced by Small Firms in North India

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 150-160
Author(s):  
Davinder Singh ◽  
Jaimal Singh Khamba ◽  
Tarun Nanda
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
North India ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Employment Generation ◽  
Medium Enterprises

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have been noted to play a significant role in promoting economic growth in less developed countries, developing and also in developed countries. Worldwide, the micro and small enterprises have been accepted as the engine of economic growth of any nation. Small and Medium Enterprises are the backbone of the economies, because it trigger employment, output, export, poverty alleviation, economic empowerment, economic development etc. in developed as well as in developing countries. It is more important to developing countries as the poverty and unemployment are burning problems. MSMEs have been playing a momentous role in overall economic development of a country like India where millions of people are unemployed or underemployed. Therefore, the growth of small sectors is essential for the growth in the GDP, employment generation, total manufacturing production and export. India, being one of the fastest growing economies of the world, needs to pay an honest attention for the utmost growth of MSMEs for its increased contribution in above areas.

Trends in Global Oil Investments Over the Past 20 Years

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-49
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Shirobokova ◽  
Fe Amor Parel Gudmundsson
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Oil Demand ◽  
Former Ussr ◽  
The Relationship

Today, energy is an irreplaceable resource without which it is impossible to imagine the life of modern society. Oil, as the most important energy resource, has a significant impact on both individual economies and the world economy. The main objective of this chapter is to identify the relationship between oil supply and oil demand of developed and developing countries on the example of OECD and Former Soviet Union countries. The changes that took place in supply and demand in the oil market from 2000 to 2020 are investigated. The chapter uses graphic and mathematical analysis. It is clear with a fair amount of confidence that the oil demand in developed countries is higher than their supply, and the supply of oil in developing countries is rather more than demand. Also, the chapter draws attention to investments in the oil industry, including on the example of Russia as a former USSR country, analyzes their current state, and draws appropriate conclusions.

Realigning Governance

2015 ◽  
pp. 1555-1581
Author(s):  
Bongani Ngwenya
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
New Phenomena ◽  
And Diffusion

This chapter posits that Governance realignment from e-Government to e-Democracy constitutes a critical context for social and economic development in both developed and developing countries. E-Government and e-Democracy are not new phenomena in most developed countries and some developing countries in Asia and Africa. However, the degrees of political and economic variations between developed and developing countries poses a serious challenge to the efforts towards realignment of governance for social and economic development attainment. The findings in this chapter are that social and economic development lie at the intersection of e-Government and e-Democracy processes of governance realignment. Asymmetry in institutionalisation, and diffusion of e-Democracy amongst countries is widely attributed to economic and political variations in these countries. Unless these differences are skillfully identified and accommodated as such into the development and use models, e-Democracy efforts will not help achieve social and economic development goals, particularly those of developing countries.

ICT in Regional Development

2005 ◽  
pp. 387-392
Author(s):  
Saundarjya Borbora ◽  
Mrinal Kanti Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
Internet Connections ◽  
The Developed Countries

Economic development and information and communication technology (ICT) are found to move together in the present day era of globalization. ICT can contribute significantly in economic development of a region by providing adequate information at the minimum of time and cost, thereby enhancing productivity in different sectors of an economy. This fact is substantiated by several studies (Kraemer & Dedrick, 2001; Pohjola, 2001). Some country specific studies like that of Singapore (Wong, 2001) also highlighted similar results. ICT diffusion in the world has been quite rapid since the mid 1990s. While the developed countries have benefited substantially from the ICT growth, the developing countries could not reap similar benefits out of it which has resulted in emergence of a digital divide across the countries (Economist, 2000; Nkrumah, 2000; Norris, 2001). This divide is noticed not only across countries but also within a country and this is more prominent in developing economies like India. ICT diffusion is another area which needs more attention in India as it will lead to ICT access and application of ICT in real sectors to increase productivity and output. During the past one decade India has made rapid advances in ICT growth as reflected in the increase in the number of Internet connections and users. The growth of Internet connections and users in the country is shown in Table 1.

A Research on Strategic Emerging Industries

2011 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 1851-1854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Mei Li ◽  
Hui Ming Li
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Environmental Constraints ◽  
Development Mode ◽  
Emerging Industries ◽  
Technology Competition

Under the pressure of resource and environmental constraints, China proposed to develop strategic emerging industries in order to transform economic development mode and response to the economic and environmental crises. Strategic emerging industries are a new concept. This paper firstly summarizes its content. Then we conduct a comparative analysis between China and some developed countries. We can get the following conclusions: China is not a leader country in the development of new emerging industries; China’s choice in strategic emerging industries is consistent with developed countries; Industry competitive, in essence, is the technology competition. Finally, we give some suggestions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document