The theory and evidence behind law enforcement strategies that combat child sexual abuse material

2021 ◽  
pp. 146135572110269
Author(s):  
Larissa S. Christensen ◽  
Susan Rayment-McHugh ◽  
Tim Prenzler ◽  
Yi-Ning Chiu ◽  
Julianne Webster
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
International Literature ◽  
Collaborative Partnerships ◽  
Valuable Resource ◽  
Roundtable Discussion ◽  
Intelligence Gathering

This article presents a synthesis of current and innovative law enforcement strategies to combat child sexual abuse material. Six law enforcement strategies were identified through an international literature search and verified by experts via roundtable discussion. Six strategies were identified: public intelligence gathering, polygraph, proactive investigations, risk assessment prioritization, resourced taskforces and collaborative partnerships. Strategies are reported via an adapted version of the ‘EMMIE’ framework: effects, mechanisms, moderators, and implementation considerations. Through applying the adapted framework, this article explains how and why each law enforcement strategy may work, and identifies the factors that may impact each strategy’s success. As a result, this article offers a valuable resource for practice professionals across the globe. The synthesis does not include an assessment of whether prior evidence supports the strategies discussed.

Law Enforcement on Child Sexual Abuse in Manado City

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Nontje Rimbing ◽  
Meiske T. Sondakh ◽  
Eske N. Worang
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
The North ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Legal Method ◽  
Special Rules

This study investigates child sexual abuse cases that remain high in Manado as well as its law enforcement against the perpetrators, especially for underage perpetrators. By using a normative legal method, this research paper aims to examine legal materials, namely the Criminal Code and the Child Protection Law No. 35 of 2014 by collecting empirical data about law enforcement by the North Sulawesi Regional Police. The findings indicate that the law enforcement on underage perpetrators depends on the investigators in charge, in principle, under Law no. 35 of 2014, and they are detained in Child Care Centers of Tomohon. Also, this research specifically underlined that law enforcement against underage perpetrators has followed the procedures of the juvenile justice system, while the victims do need special attention of institutions outside the police. To ensure the rights to education in detention, this study suggests to make special rules regarding the obligation of teachers to provide private lessons.

Young children: the visibility paradox

2020 ◽  
pp. 87-112
Author(s):  
Corinne May-Chahal ◽  
Emma Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Image Databases ◽  
The Past ◽  
Traditional Sense ◽  
The Subject

This chapter reviews what is known about child sexual abuse media, with a particular focus on the abuse of young children (those under the age of 10). Young children are seldom the subject of research on sexual violence, yet the online-facilitated sexual abuse of these children is known to exist. In the past, child sexual abuse has been described as a hidden phenomenon that is made visible through a child's disclosure or evidence in and on their bodies. Online child sexual victimisation (OCSV) experienced by young children is still hidden in this traditional sense but at the same time highly visible through images that are both detached from the child yet traumatically attached through their creation and continued circulation throughout childhood. Indeed, most of what can be known about OCSV and younger children is through analyses of images harvested online and analyses of law enforcement and non-governmental organisation (NGO) image databases. These sources suggest that OCSV involving young children is different from that experienced by those who are older. It more often involves parents, carers, and family members; it is legally and developmentally impossible for children to consent to it; and images and videos of the abuse are more likely to be trafficked.

scholarly journals “My daughter is not like that”: A qualitative study of parental perception on child sexual abuse risk

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Eelmaa
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Attribution Theory ◽  
Protection Mechanism ◽  
Specific Risk ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Protection Mechanisms ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Defensive Attribution Theory

The aim of this study was to explore parental beliefs on the risk of CSA, specifically victim- and perpetrator-specific risk of child sexual abuse to their children, as well as parents' approaches to protecting their children. Data were collected from 22 parents during focus group interviews (n=6) combined with activity-oriented questions. Based on data, four perpetrator and two victim-specific risk profiles were created. When parents find similarities between their children and perceived victims or perpetrators, it triggers the defensive othering effect, which acts as a subconscious protection mechanism, yet often creates inaccurate risk assessment and false confidence. The findings also tender that most parents do not teach their children the necessary skills related to CSA since they determine the risk to be low. This study adds to our understanding of CSA-related risk perception and prevention approaches, offering a conceptual addition to the defensive attribution theory. Further investigation is needed on the impacts of the cognitive processes and psychological protection mechanisms in relation to CSA risk assessment. The data from this study will be useful in developing CSA prevention programs and materials.

scholarly journals AN ALTERNATIVE MODEL OF CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE HANDLING POLICY IN INDONESIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rd. Ahmad Buchari ◽  
Asep Sumaryana ◽  
Rosita Novi Andari
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Alternative Model ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Government ◽  
Data Collection Technique ◽  
Sexual Abuse Victims

Child sexual abuse is one of the forms of crimes against children that call for serious attention of the government. Indonesian Commission for Child Protection (KPAI)’s 2011-2016 years data shows that the number of child sexual abuse victims has been fluctuating year by year. The objectives of the present research were to evaluate the output of the implementation of government policies on handling child sexual abuses during 2011-2014, and to develop an alternative model of child sexual abuse handling policy suitable to apply in Indonesia. The research used a descriptive qualitative approach with a data collection technique of documentation and a descriptive data analysis. The research findings revealed that the policies currently pursued were generally ineffective both in prevention and in law enforcement against the offenders. Therefore, a model of child sexual abuse handling policy in Indonesia by a systems approach can be made as an alternative model of policies in dealing with the problem.

scholarly journals “My Daughter is not like That”: A Qualitative Study of Parental Perception on Child Sexual Abuse Risk

Discourse ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-80
Author(s):  
E. Simone
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Attribution Theory ◽  
Protection Mechanism ◽  
Specific Risk ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Protection Mechanisms ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Defensive Attribution Theory

Introduction. Parental prevention efforts on child sexual abuse (CSA) are paramount for children to have better protection. However, parental awareness and beliefs are essential constituents influencing parental prevention efforts. Previous studies have revealed that parents tend to judge child sexual abuse as a low risk to their children, which in turn impacts CSA prevention activities. The aim of this study was to explore parental beliefs on the risk of CSA, specifically victim- and perpetrator-specific risk of child sexual abuse to their children, as well as parents’ approaches to protecting their children.Methodology and sources. Data were collected from 22 parents during focus group interviews (n=6) combined with activity-oriented questions.Results and discussion. Based on data, four perpetrator and two victim-specific risk profiles were created. When parents find similarities between their children and perceived victims or perpetrators, it triggers the defensive othering effect, which acts as a subconscious protection mechanism, yet often creates inaccurate risk assessment and false confidence. The findings also tender that most parents do not teach their children the necessary skills related to CSA since they determine the risk to be low.Conclusion. This study adds to our understanding of CSA-related risk perception and prevention approaches, offering a conceptual addition to the defensive attribution theory. Further investigation is needed on the impacts of the cognitive processes and psychological protection mechanisms in relation to CSA risk assessment. The data from this study will be useful in developing CSA prevention programs and materials.

Medical Evaluation of Child Sexual Abuse: A Practical Guide

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Children And Families ◽  
Valuable Resource ◽  
Fourth Edition ◽  
Practical Guide ◽  
Medical Evaluation

The fourth edition of this best-selling reference is a valuable resource to clinicians and child advocates serving children and families affected by suspicions of child sexual abuse. https://shop.aap.org/medical-evaluation-of-child-sexual-abuse-a-practical-guide-4th-edition-paperback/

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