Ethical eating as experienced by consumers and producers: When good food meets good farmers

2020 ◽  
pp. 146954051989996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Carolan
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Food Policy ◽  
Moral Economy ◽  
Ethical Consumption ◽  
The Other ◽  
Contested Space ◽  
Rural Producers ◽  
The One ◽  
Sociology Of Consumption ◽  
Good Food

This article engages with two rich but largely disparate research traditions: one looks at ethical consumption, that is, constructions and contestations around good food, while the other interrogates the equally contested space of what it means to be a good farmer. The argument is informed by qualitative data collected from, on the one hand, those engaged in shaping urban food policy and institutional procurement plans in Denver, Colorado, and, on the other hand, rural Colorado farmers and ranchers who supply out-of-state markets. Given the growing appeal of locally sourced food from smaller scale producers utilizing certain so-called ethical management practices (resulting in, e.g. cage-free chickens, organic food, and grass-fed beef), the article asks, “how are particular markers of good food,” which I show to be commonly held in urban foodscapes, “understood by rural producers?,” and “how do these constructions play into their conceptions of what it means to be a good farmer?” Conceptually, the argument is situated within a moral economy framework, which reminds us that the market is always mediated by institutions, individuals, and communities and vice versa. This framework emphasizes the point that markets are moralizing – and demoralizing – entities. The article adds to the fields of sociology of consumption and critical agrifood studies by interrogating aspects of how the two “ends” of the supply chain are interconnected. Eaters’ constructions of good food and producers’ understandings of what it means to be a good farmer are shown to be intertwined.

scholarly journals Fiat Auto: Industrial Relations Lost in Globalisation

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 672-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Caputo ◽  
Antonino Campenni ◽  
Elisabetta Della Corte
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Work Organization ◽  
The Other ◽  
Car Industry ◽  
Union Activists ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

In the actual context of globalization, carmakers face a highly competitive market. The pace of technological innovation, the increase in international competition, the saturation of markets and the shortening of product lifespan are but some of the factors requiring a new organization of production. In order to face these radical changes, carmakers are implementing new strategies, not only by embracing the concept of globalization, but also by promoting changes in labour management practices, work organization and industrial relations. The aim of this paper is to analyze the impact of Fiat’s new managerial strategies in response to increased global competition on the situation of the industrial relations, on the role of the Unions and on the condition of workers. These strategies include an intensification of work, shift and wage flexibility, plus a severe limitations of workers’ rights (including the right to strike). On the one hand, such a strategy was presented and justified to the workers and the public as an objective necessity of global economy, and was even submitted to a referendum; on the other, the process was conducted unilaterally, under the recurring threat of transferring production abroad if the workers and their Unions refused to accept the new method. This brought to a split of the Unions and dialogue was maintained only with collaborative organisations, causing the discrimination of the other Unions and a situation of great dissatisfaction amongst all the workers. Through the words of workers and Union activists, the research showed evidence of the failure of claims that new management strategy can ensure both productivity and a new form of workplace democracy in the post-fordist factory. Despite new labour-saving technologies, lean production organisation and the adoption of new metric systems (such as Ergo-UAS), car industry would need, more than in the past, the involvement and active participation of Unions and workers. On the contrary, the paper points out how Fiat’s actual form of production organization generates new tensions and increases employee’s discontent, likely to ignite industrial conflict.

Indigenous Students’ Geographies on the Academic Fortress Campus: Palestinian Students’ Spatial Experiences at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-145
Author(s):  
Yara Sa'di-Ibraheem
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
The Other ◽  
Indigenous Students ◽  
Spatial Perspective ◽  
Contested Space ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Symbolic Domination ◽  
Hebrew University ◽  
The One

This article addresses an under-studied phenomenon in the lived experience of Palestinian students in Israeli universities as seen from a spatial perspective. Specifically, it analyses the everyday spatial experiences of Palestinian students on the Mount Scopus Campus of the Hebrew University in Jerusalem. Situated in a contested space amid Palestinian villages, the campus's architecture and prominent location are intended to project power and symbolic domination over the surrounding Arab environment. The study analyses the narratives of fifteen Palestinian students from this campus, underscoring the dialectical relations between their feelings of alienation and estrangement, on the one hand, and practices of resistance and subversion on campus, on the other. Moreover, the analysis reveals how, through their daily spatial behaviours, Palestinian students challenge the settler-colonial landscape-production that the Israeli authorities attempt to impose.

On the “very Brink between Time and Eternity”: Truth, Charity, and Last Dying Speeches in England, c. 1660–1700

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Public Sphere ◽  
Freedom Of Speech ◽  
Party Politics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Good Death ◽  
Contested Space ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
Truth Claims ◽  
The One

Late seventeenth-century England witnessed not only the rise of the coffee-house, the newspaper, and party politics, but also a proliferation of printed accounts of treason trials and executions, exposing hearers and readers to opposing religious and political truth claims. Such last dying words, spoken as they were on the “very Brink between Time and Eternity,” were equally compelling and controversial, dividing opinion along partisan and confessional lines. This study builds on recent scholarship emphasizing the dynamism of the Restoration public sphere and the degree to which the gallows was a contested space. It argues that the pamphlet wars over the meaning, veracity, and authenticity of the last dying speeches of late seventeenth-century condemned traitors, while largely overlooked by scholars of the Restoration crisis, have much to tell us about larger, shared preoccupations and mentalities. This article will focus in particular on two powerful contemporary credos which constrained and shaped the actions of authorities, malefactors, and pamphleteers alike: the equation of freedom of speech with liberty and Protestantism on the one hand and the association of charity with the good death, credibility, and truth, on the other.

The ineffable: A framework for the study of methods through the case of mid-century mind-brain sciences

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 789-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Stark ◽  
Nancy D Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Science And Technology Studies ◽  
Moral Economy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dynamic Relationship ◽  
Brain Sciences ◽  
Words And Images ◽  
The One ◽  
Distinct Features ◽  
New Framework

Conventionally, the story of modern research methods has been told as the gradual ascendancy of practices that scientists designed to extract evidence out of minds and bodies. These methods, which we call ‘methods of extraction’, have not been the exclusive ways in which experts have generated evidence. In a variety of case studies, scholars in Science and Technology Studies have persuasively documented scientists’ efforts to know the extra-linguistic, internal experiences of other beings – prior to or aside from their efforts to represent those experiences in words and images. We propose a new framework to resolve a seeming contradiction in STS, which stems from the fact that the language of ‘subjectivity’ has been used to refer to two analytically distinct features of scientists’ methods: the epistemological premises of a method, on the one hand, and the evaluation of the method in the moral economy of science, on the other hand. Building on Shapin’s provocation to study the ‘sciences of subjectivity’, we analyze three sites in the epistemic niche of 1950s US Federal mind-brain scientists and find that ‘methods of extraction’ neither replaced nor invariably trumped additional methods that researchers designed to provide evidence of people’s interior experiences. We call these additional approaches ‘methods of ingression’ because researchers purported to generate authoritative evidence by climbing inside the experience of another being, rather than pulling the evidence out. Methods of ingression and methods of extraction coexisted and developed iteratively in dynamic relationship with each other – not in isolation nor in competition, as is commonly assumed. Through this empirical study, we provide a new framework that departs from the binary framework of objectivity-subjectivity to allow scholars in STS to more aptly describe scientists’ epistemic worlds; to discern a greater range of methods at play; and to appreciate the warrants for knowledge used in our own field.

scholarly journals The moral economy of the Didache

2011 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan A. Draper
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Moral Economy ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Ancient World ◽  
The Other ◽  
Karl Polanyi ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The One ◽  
Urban Working

This article applies the model of the moral economy in the ancient world, as formulated by Karl Polanyi and applied by Halvor Moxnes, to the economic relations reflected in the Didache. The study partly confirms Aaron Milavec’s contention that the instructions in the text would provide an ‘economic safety net’ for members of the community by putting in place a system of generalised reciprocity and redistribution, although Milavec’s depiction of the community as an ‘urban working class’ movement is found to be anachronistic. The ‘communion of the saints’ is very much an economic system with aspects of resistance to the Roman imperial system. However, the moral economy of the Didache is seen to reflect a number of ambiguities, particularly in its adoption of the Christian Housetable ethic but also in its adoption of the patron client terminology in the dispute between prophets and teachers on the one side and bishops and deacons on the other.

scholarly journals Ethical Consumption as the Basis for Counteracting Food Waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mikołaj Niedek ◽  
Karol Krajewski
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sustainable Consumption ◽  
Consumer Ethics ◽  
Ethical Consumption ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ecological Ethics ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
The One

Abstract The objective of the article is to present the concept of practical consumer ethics, which may constitute the axiological basis of sustainable consumption and such an attitude of the consumer that will prevent the negative impact of food consumption on the natural and social environment and will counteract the food waste. The authors consider ethical consumption against the background of the normative pattern of sustainable consumption, which is the practical operationalisation of the concept of sustainable development. This pattern implies, on the one hand, consumer ethics and, on the other hand, an environmentally and socially responsible lifestyle. Against this background, the authors postulate the concept of frugalism as a practical ethics of consumption, based on aretological assumptions and the values of Henryk Skolimowski's ecological ethics. Frugalism, in its normative assumptions, contributes to deconsumption by changing the system of values, attitudes and preferences of a consumer, who voluntarily decides to limit the amount of purchased products, preferring those that are recycled and more sustainable. The authors present comparative statements of the features of the consumerist and frugalistic attitudes.

In the Shadow of Dearth

2019 ◽  
pp. 121-152
Author(s):  
Susan Marks
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Moral Economy ◽  
Popular Sovereignty ◽  
The Other ◽  
Thomas Paine ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right ◽  
John Thelwall

Mid-1790s England saw an episode of fearful dearth. This chapter continues discussion of the contested meaning of the rights of man in the Revolution Controversy, in the light of approaches to dearth which emphasised, on the one hand, the moral economy of the poor and, on the other hand and alternatively, the new ‘political economy’ of laissez faire. It transpires that, for Thomas Paine and other proponents of the rights of man such as John Thelwall, the rights of the living were not simply a matter of political control and popular sovereignty. The living also had the right to live.

Corruption and the Moral Economy of State Resources

2018 ◽  
pp. 166-202
Author(s):  
Jelle J.P. Wouters
Keyword(s):  
Moral Reasoning ◽  
Moral Economy ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Specific Relationship ◽  
Postcolonial State ◽  
The One

This chapter uses the vantage of corruption to explore state-society relations in Nagaland. Through focusing on the narrativisation of corrupt practices, the author explores the moral reasoning and perspectives villagers adopt in their dealings with the state, its offices, and development resources and show the ways in which they may self-justify their ‘corrupt’ practices. Against notions that corruption is something pathological, the author’s view is that there exists a distinct and specific relationship between Nagas’ historical experiences and understanding of the postcolonial state and its policies on the one hand, and local subjectivities, moral evaluations, and contested loyalties on the other. The upshot of this is the local emergence of particularistic social and moral field in which corrupt practices must be situated.

scholarly journals Small-sized companies' earnings management: evidence from Italy

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Poli
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
The Other ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Law System ◽  
Earnings Distribution ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Tax Systems ◽  
The One

This study explores the earnings management practices of small-sized Italian companies. Adopting the earnings distribution approach, it finds that these companies are likely to manage their earnings to achieve two earnings level targets. On the one hand, they manage their earnings to report slightly positive earnings. Those with negative earnings manage them upward to be above the zero threshold. Those with positive earnings manage them downward to bring them close to zero. On the other hand, they manage their earnings to minimize earnings changes. The main implication of the findings of this study is that the small-sized Italian companies’ earnings are not unconditionally informative regarding their performance. In other words, they are of poor quality. As a result, they should be interpreted with caution by those who use financial statement information. This study mainly enriches the literature on earnings management in two ways. Firstly, it provides evidence on small-sized companies’ earnings management practices which are very little explored in literature. Secondly, it provides additional evidence on the earnings management practices undertaken in the Italian setting, and so in countries which are characterized by a code law system and a close alignment between accounting and tax systems.

scholarly journals Agricultural Fire or Arson?

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-24
Author(s):  
Antonin Plarier
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Fire Management ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Rural Society ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
War Of Attrition ◽  
French Colonial ◽  
The One

This article focuses on fire management practices in Algeria during the colonial period. Focusing on environmental usages of fires in Algerian rural society, this article shows that these practices were submitted to varied and opposite interpretations resulting in significant and durable conflicts. These conflicts exploded under the French colonial forestry administration, which forcefully imposed new legislation to criminalize existing agricultural practices, including fires. Despite this ban, these practices continued. The administration interpreted this persistence as rebellion and responded with severe sanctions. This only aggravated the situation, resulting in a real war of attrition. On the one hand, this situation does not diverge from the rural violence typical of the nineteenth century. On the other, the responses of the administration in colonial Algeria represent specific digressions compared to the policies carried out in metropolitan areas.

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