Walking through the city soundscape: an audio-visual analysis of sensory experience for people with psychosis

2022 ◽  
pp. 147035722110526
Author(s):  
Sara Merlino ◽  
Lorenza Mondada ◽  
Ola Söderström

This article discusses how an aspect of urban environments – sound and noise – is experienced by people walking in the city; it particularly focuses on atypical populations such as people diagnosed with psychosis, who are reported to be particularly sensitive to noisy environments. Through an analysis of video-recordings of naturalistic activities in an urban context and of video-elicitations based on these recordings, the study details the way participants orient to sound and noise in naturalistic settings, and how sound and noise are reported and reexperienced during interviews. By bringing together urban context, psychosis and social interaction, this study shows that, thanks to video recordings and conversation analysis, it is possible to analyse in detail the multimodal organization of action (talk, gesture, gaze, walking bodies) and of the sensory experience(s) of aural factors, as well as the way this organization is affected by the ecology of the situation.

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 743-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenza Mondada

Taste is a central sense for humans and animals, and it has been largely studied either from physiological and neurological approaches or from socio-cultural ones. This paper adopts another view, focused on the activity of tasting rather than on the sense of taste, approached within the perspective of ethnomethodology and multimodal conversation analysis. This view addresses the activity of tasting as it is interactionally organized in specific social settings, observed in a naturalistic way, on the basis of video recordings. Focusing on video recorded improvised tastings of cheese in gourmet shop encounters, the paper offers a systematic analysis of the way in which tasting is orderly achieved in an intersubjective way. It follows the various steps characterizing tasting, from the invitation to taste, to the grasping of a bit to taste, which is put in the mouth, chewed, and swallowed; it details how an interactional moment offering the taster a priviledged, individual, focused space in which to devote exclusive attention to the object tasted is actively tailored by all parties. By contrast, the completion of tasting is marked by a return to mutual gaze, the animation of facial expressions and nods, and the final production of a judgment of taste. By offering a systematic reconstruction of how these tasting moments are organized, the paper invites to a multimodal approach of sensoriality in social interaction.


2022 ◽  
pp. 1220-1237
Author(s):  
Angel Bartolomé Muñoz de Luna ◽  
Olga Kolotouchkina

The disruptive growth of new information technologies is transforming the dynamics of citizen communication and engagement in the urban context. In order to create new, smart, inclusive, and transparent urban environments, the city governments of London and Madrid have implemented a series of innovative digital applications and citizen communication channels. Through a case study approach, this research assesses the best practices in the field of digital communication and citizen engagement implemented by London and Madrid, with a particular focus on the profile, content, and functions of these new channels. The results of this research are intended to identify relevant new dynamics of interaction and value co-creation for cities and their residents.


2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 128-137
Author(s):  
Vytautas Petrušonis

In contemporary society marginalization, alienation of social groups is increasing. Among other things, it is related to changes in the phenomenon of social solidarity, which are influenced by the processes of individualization, diversification, globalization, segmentation. Architectural works of modern architects, that together with customers represent the attitudes of nowadays, often reflect the desire to dominate. While educating young architects it is important to provide them not only with technical and artistic skills, but also to make them understand how architecture can take part in the the actualization of harmonic social behaviour stereotypes, the psychological attitude to encourage the pursuit of social solidarity. It is therefore important to learn how architectural composition can ensure a harmonious social interaction. The related adequate experience is worth studying. It is particularly important to evaluate the works of different periods of our country’s famous architects. V. Landsbergis-Žemkalnis could be distinguished as one of such architects to whom responsibility to society was particularly significant. Analysis revealed that V. Landsbergis-Žemkalnis‘ works are characterized by predominance of an organic compositional type what means that the programming of social solidarity attitudes by architectural compositional measures is ensured. In particular, these properties are characteristic of V. Landsbergis-Žemkalnis‘ buildings realized in the heart of Kaunas city. These buildings are better harmonizing with adjacent buildings and the whole street space. Moving away from the center, in the buildings erected by V. Landsbergis-Žemkalnis design, the number of vertical elements increases, separate parts of a building have a more distinct height, the silhouette becomes more active, more dynamic. Typologically such a building could be assigned to the hierachical compositional type. In contrast to ’’buildings of the street”, ”of the city”, these buildings represent ’suburban” buildings, what claims to be a local compositional center. Altogether V. Landsbergis-Žemkalnis‘ works illiustrate his ability to ”read” the situation in an urban context and use properly selected compositional building parameters, especially properly chosen measures operating in a dense group of existing buildings where the solidarity phenomenon is of great importance. Santrauka Šiuolaikinėje visuomenėje didėja atskirtis, socialinių grupių nesusikalbėjimas, užsisklendimas, kuriant grupinius idealus, siekiant nereikšmingų tikslų. Greta kitų dalykų, tai susiję su socialinio solidarumo kaita, kuri veikiama tokių šiuolaikinės civilizacijos reiškinių kaip individualizacija, diversifikacija, globalizacijos procesas, segmentacija. Šiuolaikinės kartos architektų, kartu su užsakovais esančių savojo laikotarpio atstovais, darbai ypač dažnai atspindi siekį dominuoti, išsiskirti bet kokioje miesto dalyje, bet kokioje pastatų apsuptyje, todėl ugdant šiuolaikinius architektus svarbu perteikti jiems ne tik meninio komponavimo įgūdžius, bet suvokimą, kaip architektūra gali prisidėti prie harmoningos socialinės elgsenos stereotipų aktualizavimo, ypač skatinant socialinį solidarumą (nes tai susiję su visuomenės grupių santykių harmonizavimo užtikrinimu). Todėl svarbus kompozicinių priemonių, galinčių užtikrinti harmoningos socialinės sąveikos nuostatų aktualizavimą, socialinio solidarumo nuostatų įtvirtinimą, pažinimas, o tam ypač svarbu šiuo aspektu įvertinti mūsų šalies įvairių laikotarpių įžymių architektų kūrybą. Vienu iš tokių architektų yra V. Landsbergis-Žemkalnis, kuriam architekto atsakomybė visuomenei buvo ypač svarbi. Architekto V. Landsbergio-Žemkalnio darbų analizė parodė, kad jo kūrybai būdingas organiškojo kompozicinio tipo vyravimas, o kartu – socialinio solidarumo programavimą užtikrinančių architektūrinių kompozicinių priemonių dominavimas. Ypač šiomis programuojančiomis savybėmis pasižymi V. Landsbergio-Žemkalnio pastatai, esantys pačioje Kauno miesto širdyje – Naujamiestyje. Tai pasireiškia tuo, kad šie pastatai yra daugiau miestietiško tipo, aktyviai „bendradarbiauja“ su gretimais pastatais, su visa gatvės erdve. Tolstant nuo centro, pastatuose gausėja vertikalių elementų, daugiau skiriasi atskirų pastato dalių aukštis, siluetas darosi aktyvesnis, dinamiškesnis. Tipologiškai tai būdingi priemiesčių ar užmiesčio pastatų, kurie pretenduoja į lokalinio kompozicinio centro vaidmenį, bruožai. V. LandsbergioŽemkalnio kūryba liudija apie jo sugebėjimą suprasti urbanistinę situaciją ir joje deramai parinkti statinio kompozicinius parametrus, ypač – tankiai užstatytoje aplinkoje, kur solidarumo vaizdinis reprezentavimas yra itin aktualus.


Author(s):  
Jussi Parikka

In this chapter Jussi Parikka discusses air pollution and waste as media, data and environmental art created in the contemporary smart city. The way these, otherwise unwanted, elements are sensed and perceived unveil the political subjectivity in an urban context and as data feedback from various readings, understandings and governance of the city. This sort of a materiality is one that is about folds between architectures, data and the chemistry of the air -a sort of a media ecology of multiple materialities. The creative power of smog that intertwines old computational infrastructures of urban pollution and new infrastructures such as monitors, programming and data storage is explained. The chapter focuses on urban environments as defined by the emergence of new forms of measurement of the city -and its airborne pollution - through smog sensors. The smart, modern city as defined through its unwanted elements, in this case, pollution and waste, are further discussed.


2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-89
Author(s):  
Fang Xu

This paper proposes a computer-aided Dynamic Visual Research and Design Protocol for environmental designers to analyze humans’ dynamic visual experiences in the city and to simulate dynamic vision in the design process. The Protocol recommends using action cameras to collect massive dynamic visual data from participants’ first-person perspectives. It prescribes a computer-aided visual analysis approach to produce cinematic charts and storyboards, which further afford qualitative interpretations for aesthetic assessment and discussion. Employing real-time 3D simulation technologies, the Protocol enables the simulation of people’s dynamic vision in designed urban environments to support evaluation in design. Detailed contents and merits of the Protocol were demonstrated by its application in the Urbanscape Studio, a community participatory design course based at Watertown, South Dakota.


2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Sara Keel ◽  
Lorenza Mondada

Abstract Conversation analysis (CA) and ethnomethodology (EM) have long dealt with political talk, but this is the first thematic volume showing the continuity and diversity of EMCA studies in this field. This introduction provides an overview of early to recent EMCA contributions to the study of political talk and discusses how they developed a distinctive field of investigation and how the papers of the special issue draw on and contribute to it. The introduction also clarifies how specific sequential and categorial organizations of social interaction manifest and foster political action and participation, and are locally treated as of political importance by the participants themselves. The study of micro-politics of sequentiality focuses on the temporal, emergent, and sequential unfolding of interaction and the way its organization opens/closes possible occasions for politically relevant actions. By showing how these are established, responded and oriented to by the participants, it offers a respecification of political issues.


2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Stevens

Burial grounds are increasingly being considered as components of lived urban environments in the past. This paper considers how the ancient Egyptian city of Akhetaten, built by king Akhenaten (c. 1349–1332 bc), was constructed and experienced as a space inhabited both by the living and the dead. Drawing upon results from ongoing excavations at the burial grounds of the general population, it considers how the archaeological record of the settlement and its cemeteries segue and explores how the nature of burial landscapes and the need to maintain reflexive relationships between the living and the dead in the midst of a changing religious milieu contributed to the unique character of Akhetaten as a city. It asks what kind of city Akhetaten was, and what it was like to live through the Amarna period.


2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenza Mondada

This article shows how artefacts – and more specifically documents and visualizations such as images, maps and plans – can be analysed in detail within an ethnomethodological and conversation analytic perspective focusing on the way in which they are manipulated within social activities. The aim is double. On the one hand, the article deals with the way in which the temporal and interactional feature of inscriptions in interaction can be preserved and analysed on the basis of video data, highlighting some of the challenges of producing adequate video recordings and video transcriptions of these phenomena. On the other hand, the article offers an empirical study of a professional activity in which participants manipulate texts, plans and other visualizations. Thus, it analyses in detail a meeting video recorded in an architectural office, in which three architects read, discuss, and draw plans, as well as explore and discover ideas by formulating, gesticulating, and sketching them.


Author(s):  
Angel Bartolomé Muñoz de Luna ◽  
Olga Kolotouchkina

The disruptive growth of new information technologies is transforming the dynamics of citizen communication and engagement in the urban context. In order to create new, smart, inclusive, and transparent urban environments, the city governments of London and Madrid have implemented a series of innovative digital applications and citizen communication channels. Through a case study approach, this research assesses the best practices in the field of digital communication and citizen engagement implemented by London and Madrid, with a particular focus on the profile, content, and functions of these new channels. The results of this research are intended to identify relevant new dynamics of interaction and value co-creation for cities and their residents.


2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-267
Author(s):  
Marcia Contins

In this article, I discuss the relationships between ethnicity and religion, based on anthropological studies of religions in the urban context. I also discuss the transformations of these studies since the 1970s. Since I have myself contributed to this field of studies, my own experience as a researcher must be taken into account. I focus on the uses of the categories of ethnicity and religion during two distinct periods in the history of Brazilian anthropology. In each of these periods, I point out significant transformations in the way Brazilian researchers describe themselves and how they conceive the relationship between their research topics and the city.


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