Evaluating colour preference of lighting with an empty light booth

In our recent work, the colour preference of several LED white lights with different correlated colour temperatures (CCT) was investigated with a wide selection of objects. The results highlighted the dominant effect of light itself on the colour preference of lighting. In this study, we similarly implemented two psychophysical experiments with the same lights but with nothing in the light booth. It was found that the subjective ratings for the lit environment of the empty booth were quite close to those of the previous studies that used various coloured objects. Such a finding corroborates our former conclusion that light dominates colour preference and we suspect that this finding can be attributed either to the colour memory of the observers or to the subconscious effect of human vision. Thus, it seems that for general multi-CCT conditions where the light sources do not have very different gamut shapes or object desaturation/oversaturation properties, the preferred white light could be determined by simply asking the observers to rate their preference for the lit environment of the empty light booth. To verify this wild and interesting conclusion and further clarify its applicability, follow-up studies are needed.

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Adductor Spastic Dysphonia: 1 1/2 Years after Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Resection

Annals of Otology Rhinology & Laryngology ◽

10.1177/000348948109000102 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 90 (1) ◽

pp. 2-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Arnold E. Aronson ◽

Lawrence W. DeSanto

Keyword(s):

Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve ◽

Laryngeal Nerve ◽

Physical Effort ◽

Patients Âgés ◽

Reduced Volume ◽

Follow Up Studies ◽

Long Term Follow Up ◽

Selection Of

After recurrent laryngeal nerve resection for adductor spastic dysphonia, the voices of 37 patients (ages 39 to 79 years) were assessed 24 hours, 1 month, 6 months, and 1 year after surgery, and those of 33 patients up to 1 1/2 years after surgery. By 24 hours after surgery, 97% of patients had improved and 3% had failed; by 1 month, 97% were still improved while 3% had failed; by 6 months, 92% had maintained improvement while 8% had failed; by 1 year, 68% were still improved but 32% had failed; and by 1 1/2 years, 61% were still improved while 39% had failed. The patients whose voices improved varied from one another in both type and degree of residual dysphonia. The typical postsurgical voice was free of spasm, with some breathiness, hoarseness, and reduced volume being present. The voices of some patients approached normalcy. To most patients, relief from the physical effort to phonate was as important as the improved voice. Continued long-term follow-up studies and careful, collaborative selection of surgical candidates are needed.

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The Effect of Patellar Orientation on the Stiffness of the Porcine Femur-Medial Patellofemoral Ligament-Patella Complex

ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference, Parts A and B ◽

10.1115/sbc2011-53545 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Kwang E. Kim ◽

Shanlin Hsu ◽

Matthew B. Fisher ◽

Savio L-Y. Woo

Keyword(s):

Patellar Dislocation ◽

Medial Patellofemoral Ligament ◽

Primary Repair ◽

Biomechanical Properties ◽

The Us ◽

Follow Up Studies ◽

Graft Tissue ◽

Redislocation Rate ◽

Selection Of

Patellar dislocation has an incidence of 5.8 per 100,000 per year in the US, and this number increases by five-fold for adolescents 1. Conservative management has been the preferred treatment, but recent follow-up studies have revealed a high redislocation rate. Similar outcomes were also found following primary repair of the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) 2. As a result, replacement with soft tissue autografts has gained attention for recurrent patellar dislocations in recent years 2, 3. As such, the selection of an appropriate graft tissue will need the knowledge of the biomechanical properties of the FMPC, particularly its stiffness for the performance of the graft.

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Tracking Errors of Exchange Traded Funds in Bursa Malaysia

Asian Journal of Finance & Accounting ◽

10.5296/ajfa.v11i2.15235 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 96

Author(s):

Alfred Ing-Soon Ku ◽

Venus Khim-Sen Liew ◽

Chin-Hong Puah

Keyword(s):

Tracking Error ◽

Exchange Traded Funds ◽

Tracking Errors ◽

Retail Investors ◽

Follow Up Studies ◽

Tracking Ability ◽

Selection Of

This study measures the tracking errors of exchange traded funds (ETFs) listed in Bursa Malaysia. Five measures of tracking errors are estimated in this study for the seven ETFs involved. Overall, the best ETF is METFAPA with the least tracking error. The ranking of the remainder ETFs, in the ascending order of tracking error is MYETFID, METFSID, MYETFDJ, CIMC50, FBMKLCI-EA and CIMBA40 (highest tracking error). The findings in this study is expected to provide clue for passive institutional and retail investors on their selection of ETFs to mimic the portfolio of the desired underlying assets. Moreover, it is anticipated that these findings will motivate the improvement in the tracking ability of the existing ETFs, solicit more follow up studies to encourage the development of new ETFs and increase the participation of investors.

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The need for follow-up studies. Collaborating colleagues, Selection of subjects. Presentation of material. Pitfalls inherent in the retesting situation. The test battery.

10.1037/11786-002 ◽

2009 ◽

pp. 5-9

Author(s):

Molly Harrower

Keyword(s):

Test Battery ◽

Follow Up Studies ◽

Selection Of

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Malleus Grip Prosthesis

Annals of Otology Rhinology & Laryngology ◽

10.1177/000348948609500517 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 95 (5) ◽

pp. 531-534 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Harold F. Schuknecht ◽

Mary L. Bartley

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Conductive Hearing Loss ◽

Stapes Surgery ◽

Sensorineural Hearing ◽

Follow Up Studies ◽

Significant Change ◽

Conductive Hearing ◽

Selection Of

The malleus grip prosthesis is designed for ears with conductive hearing loss caused by pathologic conditions of the stapes in association with pathologic conditions of the malleus or incus. The malleus grip procedure was performed on 220 ears, and follow-up studies are available on 203. Mild to profound sensorineural hearing losses occurred in 16 (8.37%). The remaining 187, on the first postoperative test, had an average air-bone gap of 14 dB, and subsequent examinations on 100 of them showed no significant change with the passage of time. The procedure is technically more difficult than stapes surgery for otosclerosis, and success is highly dependent upon selection of appropriate cases and meticulous implantation of the prosthesis.

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Colour preference varies with lighting application

Lighting Research and Technology ◽

10.1177/1477153515611458 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 316-328 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Y Lin ◽

M Wei ◽

KAG Smet ◽

A Tsukitani ◽

P Bodrogi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Psychophysical Experiment ◽

Light Sources ◽

Colour Preference ◽

Single Measure ◽

Retail Display ◽

Definition Of ◽

Lighting Application ◽

Application Specific ◽

Effect Of Light

Numerous efforts have been made to investigate how to characterize the effect of light sources on colour preference. This paper describes a psychophysical experiment to compare the colour preference evaluation among three sources for different lighting applications. Three lighting applications – restaurant, retail display, and supermarket – were created in two side-by-side full-scaled rooms. It was found that the colour preference varied with the lighting applications. Although none of the existing single-value measures can predict the preference for all three applications, a single measure is necessary for general consumer use given a careful definition of general lighting. In addition, lighting application specific measures could be useful for lighting professionals and experts. To provide detailed information, a colour distortion icon, with improved test colour samples will be useful.

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Semen quality among Danish and Finnish men attempting to conceive. The Danish First Pregnancy Planner Study Team

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje.0.1420047 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 142 (1) ◽

pp. 47-52 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

TK Jensen ◽

M Vierula ◽

NH Hjollund ◽

M Saaranen ◽

T Scheike ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Semen Quality ◽

Sperm Count ◽

Semen Analysis ◽

Sperm Concentration ◽

Cohort Effect ◽

World Health ◽

Follow Up Studies ◽

Health Organization ◽

Selection Of

OBJECTIVE: To assess differences in semen quality between similar populations from Denmark and Finland. DESIGN: Comparison of semen quality between 221 Finnish men (of whom 115 had no proven fertility) and 411 Danish men with no proven fertility in two follow-up studies among normal couples trying to conceive. METHODS: In Finland male partners of couples without experienced infertility attempting to conceive were recruited through advertisements in local newspapers from 1984 to 1986. From 1992 to 1995 Danish men who lived with a partner and who had not attempted to achieve a pregnancy previously were recruited through their union when they discontinued birth control. All semen analyses were performed in accordance with the World Health Organization guidelines. RESULTS: Median sperm concentration, total sperm count and the percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa were significantly higher among the Finnish men without proven fertility (104.0 million/ml, 304.0 million and 58% respectively) compared with the Danish men (53.0 million/ml, 140.8 million, and 41% respectively). Sperm concentration was 105.7% (95% confidence interval (CI) 58.1%-167.6%) and total sperm count was 127.4% (95% CI 71.4%-201.6%) higher among Finnish men without proven fertility than among Danish men after control for confounders. CONCLUSIONS: Some, but hardly all, of the observed difference in semen quality may be explained by differences in recruitment procedures, selection of the men and by methodological differences in semen analysis between the two countries. Also a birth cohort effect may explain some of the differences between countries as the Finnish men were recruited 11 years before the Danish men. Therefore, follow-up studies with identical recruitment and selection of men from the two countries are needed.

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Optimal selection of individuals for repeated covariate measurements in follow-up studies

Statistical Methods in Medical Research ◽

10.1177/0962280214523952 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 25 (6) ◽

pp. 2420-2433 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jaakko Reinikainen ◽

Juha Karvanen ◽

Hanna Tolonen

Keyword(s):

Selection Criteria ◽

Cost Savings ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Repeated Measurements ◽

Simulation Studies ◽

Follow Up Studies ◽

Cost Efficient ◽

East West ◽

Selection Of

Repeated covariate measurements bring important information on the time-varying risk factors in long epidemiological follow-up studies. However, due to budget limitations, it may be possible to carry out the repeated measurements only for a subset of the cohort. We study cost-efficient alternatives for the simple random sampling in the selection of the individuals to be remeasured. The proposed selection criteria are based on forms of the D-optimality. The selection methods are compared with the simulation studies and illustrated with the data from the East–West study carried out in Finland from 1959 to 1999. The results indicate that cost savings can be achieved if the selection is focused on the individuals with high expected risk of the event and, on the other hand, on those with extreme covariate values in the previous measurements.

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