Conflict Resolution Interventions and Tertiary Violence Prevention Among Urban Nonintimate Adults: A Review of the Literature

2020 ◽  
pp. 152483802091867
Author(s):  
Caroline Harmon-Darrow
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Violence Prevention ◽  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Community Violence ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Gun Violence ◽  
Criminal Recidivism ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
What Works

Several hundred U.S. conflict resolution and restorative justice programs are addressing community violence using neutral facilitation to help people in conflict, or those who have experienced a crime, to talk things out face-to-face and come up with self-determined solutions. Very little quantitative intervention research has been conducted on the capacity of these programs to reduce violence, violent crime, and criminal recidivism. The scientific literature pertaining to the association of conflict resolution interventions with violence prevention are identified, screened, and sorted. Study design, sampling, measurement, and analyses are assessed using objective standards. Individual criminal recidivism outcomes and neighborhood gun violence rates are charted. In the 10 included studies, disparate conflict resolution and restorative justice interventions each appears to be related to modest reductions in individual criminal recidivism for participants, when compared with standard criminal justice system treatment. Conflict interruption interventions show a decrease in neighborhood gun violence in most districts. Future studies of conflict resolution and violence should mitigate selection bias, control for possibly confounding factors, operationalize all intervention components, select the correct units of analyses, and link “what works” outcome data to “how it works” intervention data. Four key gaps include measuring self-reported violence, including victimization, studying adults, and examining “upstream” interventions.

‘I Would Have Been Able to Hear What They Think’: Tensions in Achieving Restorative Outcomes in the English Youth Justice System

Youth Justice ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Newbury
Keyword(s):  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Young Offenders ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Youth Justice ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Present Practice ◽  
English System ◽  
Youth Offender

This article presents findings from in-depth, semi-structured interviews with young offenders and Victim Liaison Officers, and observations of youth offender panels. It focuses upon the attitudes of young offenders towards victims and their reactions to the prospect of meeting the victim of their offending face-to-face as part of their referral order. Significant tensions between the aspirations of restorative justice and the reality of present practice in the English system are examined. The article proposes change in relation to justice disposals for incipient young offenders, particularly in relation to the ubiquitous use of restorative justice approaches for this group.

scholarly journals La cara opuesta al retribucionismo penal: la justicia restaurativa y la especial protección de los menores de edad

2020 ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Marta María Aguilar Cárceles
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
Alternative Measures ◽  
Main Protagonist ◽  
Derecho Penal

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo principal el poner de manifiesto cómo la modernización del Derecho Penal lleva consigo la indiscutible consideración de corrientes más humanitarias propias de la Justicia Restaurativa. Como es sabido, la posible cabida de soluciones extrajudiciales o distintas a las vías convencionales ofertadas por la Administración se convierten en un recurso con múltiples ventajas, ya sea la propia agilización del Sistema de Justicia, como la misma consideración de una salida más resocializadora para el infractor. Ahora bien, pese a ello, lo que no debe perderse de vista es que la principal protagonista dentro de estos procedimientos es la víctima, siendo imprescindible garantizar sus derechos a lo largo de todo el proceso para no llegar a desvirtuar la propia esencia de los modelos restaurativos. Para ello, se comienza haciendo una breve conceptualización y un encuadre legislativo, internacional y nacional, de lo que compete a las medidas alternativas de resolución de conflictos, para proseguir con aquellos aspectos que atañen a los menores de edad como sujetos de especial vulnerabilidad. Finalmente, destacan los aspectos más prácticos de la citada temática, esto es, lo relativo a los programas de actuación y medidas de prevención de futuros conflictos a través de la aplicación específica de la mediación penal y de la mediación penitenciaria. The main aim of this paper is to demonstrate how the modernization of Criminal Law entails the unquestionable consideration of a more humanitarian perspectives proper to the Restorative Justice.  by the Administration becomes a resource with multiple advantages, either the fact of making a Justice System more dynamic, as the consideration of a more re-socializing ways for the offender. Despite that, the aspect that should be always present is that the main protagonist in these procedures is the victim, being essential to guarantee their rights throughout the process in order to not distort the essence of restorative models. For this, this article begins making a brief conceptualization and a legislative framework, both international and national, of all the aspects that define the alternative measures of conflict resolution, to continue with those aspects that concern to minors as subjects of special vulnerability. Finally, it will be stand out the most practical aspects of this topic, that is, what concerns to action programs and measures to prevent future conflicts through the specific application of criminal mediation and prison mediation.

scholarly journals Ensuring the independence of the judiciary through the prism of a balanced and consistent reform of the judiciary.

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
Nataliya Yuzikova ◽  
Svitlana Khomiachenko
Keyword(s):  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
System Development ◽  
Judicial Reform ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Preventive Action ◽  
What Works ◽  
Political Relations ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Level

The article is devoted to the state of judicial reform in Ukraine. Some regularities of the judicial system development, problematic issues of its reforming are analyzed. The directions of further transformation of the judiciary on the basis of financial independence, professional staffing and trust are outlined. The results of sociological research, which form the basis of further judicial reforms, are presented. The importance of building trust in the court as a basis for independence is identified. It is concluded that further implementation of judicial reform should take place with the maximum participation of the judiciary in this process. Particular attention is paid to the origins and need for restorative justice as an alternative to juvenile justice. The study found that restorative justice is an effective and socially acceptable form of preventive action against juvenile delinquency. Judicial reform needs to be carried out on the basis of preserving what works effectively: preserving national traditions; introduction of innovative experience of the leading countries of the world with a high level of realization of the right to a fair and professional court. And most importantly, do not turn the justice system into a testing ground for risky, politically engaged judicial experiments. Overcoming the negative processes taking place in various spheres of state power, stabilizing economic and political relations, building respect and trust in all branches of government will contribute to the gradual realization of the independence of the judiciary.

scholarly journals Restorative justice and the resolution of judicial conflicts: na analysis of the restorative justice Program of the General Department of Social and Education Actions (DEGASE –RJ)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Vitória Abrahão Cabral ◽  
Valdir Júnio dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Family Structure ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
The State ◽  
Justice Program

The analytical and practical field of restorative justice is linked to the debates on the new social conflict management that challenge the institutional design of criminal justice and the Brazilian legal system. When starting from the problematization of the Brazilian criminal justice, we assume that the penalty under neoliberalism presents itself as a societal project that is sustained by the paradox of the potentiation of the police and penitentiary State and the minimization of the economic and social areas of action of the State. Thus, restorative justice emerges as an efficient conflict resolution mechanism, mainly because its criminal approach is based on equating relationships and repairing the damage caused to individuals and communities. In this context, this research aims at analyzing the impact of the implementation of the Restorative Justice Program of the General Department of Social and Education Actions (DEGASE, abbreviation in Portuguese) established by Ordinance 441 of September 13, 2017, within the scope of the social and education units, as well as the challenges presented to those responsible for implementing the law in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (judges, public defenders, members of the Public Prosecution Service and the DEGASE System) inthe management of restorative practices directed at juvenile offenders deprived of freedom. This problematization raises questions about the limits of the definition of crime and punishment; the relationship between criminal law; and the protection of human rights. The research is structured in three stages: systematic review of the academic field of restorative justice and the Brazilian criminal justice system; elaboration of a framework of the experiences of policies developed in the field of restorativejustice in the state of Rio de Janeiro; and the elaboration of the sociodemographic profile of adolescents and their family structure –analyzing the variables:gender, infraction, age group, monthly family income, education, family structure, and territoriality. It is expected to obtain a critical view of the state of the art of literature on restorative justice in the Brazilian criminal justice system and the debate in the field of conflict resolution criminalized by juvenile offenders served by the Restorative Justice Program of the General Department of Social and Education Actions (DEGASE).

scholarly journals International Center for Conflict Resolution (IC4CR) Wins Award from the National Collaborative on Gun Violence Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis G. Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Violence Prevention ◽  
Gun Violence ◽  
Gun Policy ◽  
Prevention Interventions

The International Center for Conflict Resolution (IC4CR) won a $30,000 grant award, given by the National Collaborative on Gun Violence Research (NCGVR), to develop a method to estimate the harms and benefits that gun policy and violence prevention interventions have on legal users of firearms.

RESTORATIVE JUSTICE WITH YOUTH SEX OFFENDERS: ISSUES FOR PRACTICE

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-259
Author(s):  
Thulane Gxubane
Keyword(s):  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Restorative Justice ◽  
South African ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Work Practice ◽  
Social Work Practice ◽  
Youth Offenders ◽  
African Child ◽  
Doctoral Study ◽  
South African Child

The South African child justice system has adopted the philosophy of restorative justice in the management of child and youth offenders in general as reflected in the preamble of the Child Justice Act 75 of 2008. Whilst restorative justice has been easily applied to less serious youth crimes generally, there seems to be some reservations regarding its appropriateness to dealing with youth sex offenders. This article looks at restorative justice approach within the context of diversion and seeks to highlight practice issues that need to be considered with regard to the application of the aforementioned approach in dealing with youth sex offenders. The article draws from the findings of a Doctoral study that the author conducted which explored this area of social work practice.

Prospects for the Implementation of Special Conciliation Procedures in the Russian Criminal Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 99-104
Author(s):  
E. V. Markovicheva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Criminal Process ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Legal Method

In the 21st century, the concept of restorative justice has become widespread in criminal proceedings. The introduction of special compromise procedures into the criminal process allows for the restoration of the rights of the victim and reduces the level of repression in the criminal justice system. The traditional system of punishment is considered ineffective, not conducive to the purpose of compensating for harm caused by the crime. Restorative justice enables the accused to compensate for the harm caused by the crime and is oriented not towards their social isolation, but towards further positive socialization. The introduction of the ideas of restorative justice into the Russian criminal process requires the introduction of special conciliation procedures. The purpose of the article is to reveal promising directions for introducing special conciliation procedures into the Russian criminal process. The use of the formal legal method provided an analysis of the norms of criminal procedure legislation and the practice of its application. Comparative legal analysis revealed common features in the development of models of restorative justice in modern states. Conclusions. The introduction of conciliation procedures into the Russian criminal process is in line with the concept of its humanization and reduction of the level of criminal repression. The consolidation of the mediator»s procedural status and the mediation procedure in the criminal procedure legislation will make it possible to put into practice the elements of restorative justice.

scholarly journals 0023 Multidisciplinary data-sharing for community violence prevention: shifting power to the community

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Kohlbeck ◽  
T deRoon-Cassini ◽  
M Levas ◽  
S Hargarten ◽  
C Kostelac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Violence Prevention ◽  
Data Sharing ◽  
Community Violence ◽  
Multidisciplinary Data

The Legal and Empirical Case for Firearm Purchaser Licensing

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (S4) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Hannah Abelow ◽  
Cassandra Crifasi ◽  
Daniel Webster
Keyword(s):  
Violence Prevention ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
State Government ◽  
State Level ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Federal Courts ◽  
Gun Violence ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Racial Justice ◽  
Legal Frameworks

This article argues that state government actors concerned about gun violence prevention should prioritize enactment of robust firearm purchaser regimes at the state level. First, the article outlines the empirical evidence base for purchaser licensing. Then, the article describes how state governments can design this policy. Next, the article assesses the likelihood that purchaser licensing legislation will continue to be upheld by federal courts. Finally, the article addresses the implications of this policy, aimed at curbing gun deaths, for equally important racial justice priorities. Taken together, these various considerations indicate that purchaser licensing policies are among the most effective firearm-focused laws state governments can enact to reduce gun deaths within the existing federal legislative and legal frameworks.

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