scholarly journals The Dark Side of the Rainbow: Queer Women’s Experiences of Intimate Partner Violence

2020 ◽  
pp. 152483802093386
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Harden ◽  
Paige McAllister ◽  
Chelsea M. Spencer ◽  
Sandra M. Stith
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Power Dynamics ◽  
Helping Professionals ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Same Gender ◽  
Gender Presentation

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a worldwide issue that, although often thought of as a very gendered and heteronormative crime (male perpetrators and female victims within heterosexual relationships), occurs in all kinds of relationships. The purpose of this study is to examine and raise awareness of how IPV operates within female same-gender relationships. Researchers utilized a narrative inquiry framework, as well as thematic analysis, in order to conduct a qualitative synthesis of articles that examined IPV in female same-gender relationships. Articles were identified through database searches for studies published between 2000 and 2019 using key search terms. Studies were included if they were qualitative in nature (including direct quotes from participants), examined IPV within female same-gender relationships, and were written in English. A total of 19 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. Findings were categorized as barriers to help and support, themes within experiences of IPV, or recommendations for helping professionals. Themes within categories included, among others, a lack of framework to identify abuse; mistrust of law enforcement; power dynamics related to parenthood, race, and gender presentation; and fears of contributing to heterosexism. Findings from this study can serve to better inform helping professionals about considerations to keep in mind when working within lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, plus various additional sexual minorities’ communities and survivors of female same-gender violence.

scholarly journals The Gender Violence - Implicit Association Test to measure attitudes toward intimate partner violence against women

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria A. Ferrer-Perez ◽  
Andrés Sánchez-Prada ◽  
Carmen Delgado-Álvarez ◽  
Esperanza Bosch-Fiol
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Association Test ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Implicit Measurement ◽  
Partner Violence Against Women

Abstract Attitudes play a central role in intimate partner violence against women and are related to its origin, to the responses of women who suffer violence, and to the settings where it occurs. In fact, these attitudes are recognized as one of the risk factors linked to violent perpetration and to public, professional, and victim responses to this type of violence. However, even though available research generally shows a broad rejection of this violence, it remains a serious social and health problem that has reached epidemic proportions. This suggests that the information available about these attitudes (obtained through explicit and direct measures, i.e., self-reports) may be distorted or influenced by factors such as social desirability. In this context, the overall objective of our research project is to provide multi-method measures (explicit and implicit) of attitudes toward intimate partner violence against women, and the main goal of this paper is to propose an instrument for the implicit measurement of these attitudes. In this regard, the Implicit Association Test (IAT) is the most common procedure used, providing a superior predictive validity compared to explicit measures for socially sensitive topics. We will present an exploratory study that describes its adaptation for our purposes, and the development of the Gender Violence - Implicit Association Test (GV-IAT) to use among Spanish-speaking populations, and discuss the strengths and limitations of this proposal.

Violence against women in heterosexual couples: A review of psychological and medico-legal considerations

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 113-124
Author(s):  
Valeria Tullio ◽  
Antonietta Lanzarone ◽  
Edoardo Scalici ◽  
Marco Vella ◽  
Antonina Argo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
Heterosexual Couples ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
Effective Prevention

Intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) is the most pervasive violation of women’s rights worldwide, causing devastating lifelong damage. Victims can suffer physical, emotional or mental health problems, and experience detrimental effects in social, psychological and relational health with their families, especially children. Due to the complexity regarding violence against women in heterosexual couples, it is important to make a clear distinction between psychological and physical mistreatment, which also includes psychological violence. This differentiation is important in determining different emotional and psychological aspects of mistreatment in order to understand the reasons why some women stay in such relationships and to explain the personality profiles of victims and perpetrators. In this short narrative review, we have combined perspectives of depth psychology and attachment theory from studies on trauma, traumatic bonds and the perpetrator/victim complex in gender violence. We have also considered the growing literature on IPVAW as it relates to the medico-legal field. Our search strategy included intimate partner violence, attachment styles, risk factors and the victim/perpetrator relationship. Distinguishing the different types of IPVAW is a necessary step in understanding the complexity, causes, correlations and consequences of this issue. Above all, it enables the implementation of effective prevention and intervention strategies.

scholarly journals Profiles of Emotion Regulation and Post-Traumatic Stress Severity among Female Victims of Intimate Partner Violence

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 6865
Author(s):  
Marina Muñoz-Rivas ◽  
Ana Bellot ◽  
Ignacio Montorio ◽  
Rosa Ronzón-Tirado ◽  
Natalia Redondo
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Emotional Dysregulation ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Critical Pathway ◽  
Post Traumatic

Emotional dysregulation is a construct that has drawn substantial attention as a transdiagnostic contributing factor to the loss of health. Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a term used to describe physical, psychological, or sexual assault of a spouse or sexual partner. The aim of the study was to determine the variability of emotional dysregulation among women with different types of IPV revictimization and post-traumatic stress. The cross-sectional survey included 120 women attended by the Integrated Monitoring System of Gender Violence of Madrid, Spain, due to a gender violence complaint. The presence of post-traumatic stress disorder (DSM 5 criteria), emotional dysregulation (Emotional Processing Scale (EPS)), childhood trauma, and type of revictimization were evaluated. Cluster analysis found three profiles of emotional regulation: Emotionally Regulated, Avoidance/Non-Impoverished, and Emotional Overwhelm. The results showed that the Emotional Overwhelm group was characterized by a general dysregulation of emotional experiences and a greater intensity of post-traumatic stress symptoms. In addition, women who have suffered several episodes of IPV by different partners showed a differential pattern of emotional regulation than the rest of the victims that entailed greater psychopathology. Findings confirm that emotional dysregulation is a critical pathway to the decrease of health among IPV victims.

scholarly journals Combatting Intimate Partner Violence: Representations of Social and Healthcare Personnel Working with Gender-Based Violence Interventions

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (15) ◽  
pp. 5543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcella Autiero ◽  
Fortuna Procentese ◽  
Stefania Carnevale ◽  
Caterina Arcidiacono ◽  
Immacolata Di Napoli
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
World Health ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Healthcare Personnel ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Integrated Networks ◽  
Gender Based

Intimate partner violence (IPV) has been declared a global epidemic by the World Health Organization. Although the attention paid to both the perpetrators and victims of gender-based violence has increased, scientific research is still lacking in regard to the representations of operators involved in interventions and management. Therefore, the following study explores how the representations of operators affect how gender violence can be managed and combatted through an ecological approach to this phenomenon, in addition to highlighting the roles of organizational-level services and their cultural and symbolic substrates. In total, 35 health and social professionals were interviewed and textual materials were analyzed by thematic analysis. The evidence suggests that services contrasting gender-based violence utilize different representations and management approaches. The authors hope that these differences can become a resource, rather than a limitation, when combatting gender-based violence through the construction of more integrated networks and a greater dialogue among different services, in order to make interventions designed to combat gender-based violence more effective.

scholarly journals Estudio de las diferencias culturales en las relaciones violentas de pareja de España y Perú

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-225
Author(s):  
Juan Francisco Rubio Laborda ◽  
Pilar Almansa Martínez ◽  
José Vicente Navarro Henarejos ◽  
María del Mar Pastor Bravo
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
Traffic Light ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Probabilistic Sampling ◽  
Las Mujeres

Objetivo: Determinar la violencia de género sufrida y ejercida en función de la cultura, edad y nivel educativo. Metodología: Estudio transversal descriptivo con una muestra de 130 sujetos seleccionados aleatoriamente mediante el muestreo no probabilístico por cuotas en los países de España y Perú, siendo 53 hombres y 77 mujeres, sobre los que se aplicó un test de valoración de relaciones violentas de pareja, llamado el “semáforo de la violencia”.Resultados: Se encontraron asociaciones significativas según países en los ítems relacionados con el control de la vestimenta y de las salidas, el castigo mediante indiferencia, los celos, la sobreprotección y el control a través del móvil. Por otra parte, la educación formal genera una disminución de la violencia de género sufrida en mujeres. Respecto a la edad, los varones entre 25 y 30 años muestran un aumento significativo en la violencia verbal y la coacción sexual que ejercen.Conclusión: Las normas culturales y tradicionales pueden afectar a las relaciones violentas de pareja. Por lo que han de ser tenidas en cuenta al educar en igualdad para elaborar nuevos constructos sociales, haciendo énfasis en las mujeres con baja educación formal por ser más vulnerables de sufrir violencia de género y en los hombres del grupo etario que más la ejerce. Objective: To examine intimate partner violence in relation to culture, age and educational level of those involved.Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study involving a sample of 130 subjects, randomly selected through non-probabilistic sampling by quotas, in Spain and Peru (53 men and 77 women). An evaluation of violent intimate partner relationships was undertaken using a tool known as the "Traffic Light of Gender Violence".Results: Significant association was found between countries and the items related to the control of dress and outings, punishment by indifference, jealousy, overprotection and control by means of the mobile phone. On the other hand, formal education generates a decrease in gender violence suffered in women. With regard to age, males between 25 and 30 years of age show a significant increase in verbal violence and sexual coercion.Conclusion: Cultural and traditional rules can affect intimate partner violence. Therefore, they should be considered when educating for equality in order to elaborate new social constructs, focusing particularly on women with low levels of formal education (because they are more vulnerable to gender violence) and on men of the age group that tends to use it more.

The Intersection of HIV and Intimate Partner Violence: An Application of Relational-Cultural Theory With Black and Latina Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Richelle Joe ◽  
Amber R. Norman ◽  
Shanita Brown ◽  
Jennifer Diaz
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Culturally Responsive ◽  
Cultural Theory ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Power Dynamics ◽  
Relational Cultural Theory ◽  
Latina Women ◽  
Intersecting Identities ◽  
Case Vignettes

Black and Latina women are disproportionately affected by both HIV and intimate partner violence (IPV). For these women, the complex relationship between HIV and IPV is experienced within a context shaped by gender, race, ethnicity, religion, and other cultural factors. Hence, a culturally responsive approach that considers the power dynamics of relationships, stigma, and chronic disconnection, and that centers the intersecting identities of clients, is essential to effectively serving this clientele. Relational-cultural theory provides a culturally informed framework that empowers Black and Latina women affected by HIV and IPV. Application of this theoretical framework will be discussed and illustrated via two case vignettes.

Factors Associated With Women’s Reporting of Intimate Partner Violence in Spain

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (15) ◽  
pp. 2402-2419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belén Sanz-Barbero ◽  
Laura Otero-García ◽  
Carmen Vives-Cases
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Reporting Process ◽  
Principal Factors

In Spain, in 2013, the 20% of women who were murdered by their partner had reported him previously. We analyze the 2011 Spanish-Macrosurvey on Gender Violence to identify and analyze the prevalence of and the principal factors associated with reporting a situation of intimate partner violence (IPV) and the main reasons women cite for not filing such reports, or for subsequently deciding to withdraw their complaint. Overall, 72.8% of women exposed to IPV did not report their aggressor. The most frequent reasons for not reporting were not giving importance to the situation (33.9%), and fear and lack of trust in the reporting process (21.3%). The main reasons for withdrawing the complaint were cessation of the violence (20.0%), and fear and threats (18.2%). The probability of reporting increased among women with young children who were abused, prevalence ratio (95% confidence interval [CI]): 2.14 [1.54, 2.98], and those whose mother was abused, prevalence ratio (95% CI): 2.25 [1.42, 3.57]. Always focusing on the need to protect women who report abuse, it is necessary to promote the availability of and access to legal resources especially among women who use them less: women who do not have children and women who do not have previous family exposure to violence.

Gender Violence in Academia

2018 ◽  
pp. 144-155
Author(s):  
Hina Kousar
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Sexual Harassment ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Undergraduate Women ◽  
Type Of Behavior

This is an exploratory research conducted in three universities of Delhi – University ‘X', University ‘Y' and University ‘Z'. The objective is to study the scope and incidence of various types of sexual violence behaviors experienced by women on campus: undergraduate women; postgraduate women; research scholars; and faculty. This chapter explores types, kind and nature of sexually harassing behaviors; sexual harassment, rape, sexual assault, stalking, and intimate partner violence, experienced by women in campus; the occurrence of different type of behavior among women in age group of 18 to 65 years. Finding indicates 80 percent acknowledged sexual and psychologically offensive behavior. About 70 percent of total sample acknowledged that they were sexually assaulted. A very small percent 2 percent acknowledged of being attempted raped and 89 percent underwent stalking.

‘They tried to exterminate us for 600 years, would you trust them?’ Antigypsyism and the post-racial use of intersectionality in state response to Intimate Partner Violence

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 260-276
Author(s):  
Sarah Werner Boada
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Community Support ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
State Response ◽  
Local Police ◽  
Policy Work

Abstract This paper is an invitation to critically interrogate the ‘post-racial’ understanding of intersectionality in European policy work on Intimate Partner Violence (IPV), through a focus on Antigypsyism in Spain’s specialised institutions. Spain’s ‘gender violence’ law has inspired international admiration for introducing measures aimed at the protection of all women regardless of their status or situation. However, its criminal justice system is marked by centuries of legislation constructing Romani women as innately suspicious. Semi-structured interviews conducted in IPV specialised courts, local police, and support services in Madrid indicate that practitioners reject legal colour-blindness and support intercultural mediation but refuse to address this racist legacy. Their intervention exposes Romani plaintiffs to harm by (1) promoting their cultural assimilation, (2) questioning their victim status, and (3) turning against their community support networks.

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