Magnetic Particle Imaging–Guided Stenting

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 512-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Herz ◽  
Patrick Vogel ◽  
Thomas Kampf ◽  
Philipp Dietrich ◽  
Simon Veldhoen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Particle ◽  
Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide ◽  
Reconstruction Algorithm ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Phantom Model ◽  
Balloon Catheters ◽  
Magnetic Particle Imaging ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Stent Lumen ◽  
Particle Imaging

Purpose:To assess the feasibility of magnetic particle imaging (MPI) to guide stenting in a phantom model. Materials and Methods: MPI is a new tomographic imaging method based on the background-free magnetic field detection of a tracer agent composed of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIOs). All experiments were conducted on a custom-built MPI scanner (field of view: 29-mm diameter, 65-mm length; isotropic spatial resolution 1–1.5-mm). Stenosis phantoms (n=3) consisted of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tubes (8-mm inner diameter) prepared with centrally aligned cable binders to form a ~50% stenosis. A dedicated image reconstruction algorithm allowed precise tracking of endovascular instruments at 8 frames/s with a latency time of ~115 ms. A custom-made MPI-visible lacquer was used to manually label conventional guidewires, balloon catheters, and stainless steel balloon-expandable stents. Vascular stenoses were visualized by injecting a diluted SPIO tracer (ferucarbotran, 10 mmol iron/L) into the vessel phantoms. Balloon angioplasty and stent placement were performed by inflating balloon catheters and stent delivery balloons with diluted ferucarbotran. Results: After deployment of the stent, the markers on its ends were clearly visible. The applied lacquer markers were thin enough to not relevantly alter gliding properties of the devices while withstanding friction during the experiments. Placing an optimized flexible lacquer formulation on the preexisting radiopaque stent markers provided enough stability to withstand stent expansion. Final MPA confirmed successful stenosis treatment, facilitated by the disappearance of the lacquer markers on the stent due to differences in SPIO concentration. Thus, the in-stent lumen could be visualized without interference by the signal from the markers. Conclusion: Near real-time visualization of MPI-guided stenting of stenoses in a phantom model is feasible. Optimized MPI-visible markers can withstand the expansion process of stents.

scholarly journals Development and characterization of superparamagnetic coatings

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
I. Kuschnerus ◽  
K. Lüdtke-Buzug
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Particle ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Surgical Instruments ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Magnetic Particle Imaging ◽  
Particle Imaging

AbstractSince 2005, Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) is handled as a key technology with great potential in medical applications as an imaging method [1]. The superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) which are already used as a tracer in MPI, combined with various polymers, are being investigated in order to enhance this potential. A combination of polymers such as polyethylene (PE) and polyurethane (PU) and SPIONs could be used as a coating for medical devices, or added to semi-rigid polyurethane for the production of surgical instruments [2]. This would be of great interest, since the method provides high sensitivity with simultaneous high spatial resolution and three-dimensional imaging in real time. Therefore various superparamagnetic coatings were developed, tested and characterized. Finally SPIONs and various polymers were combined directly and used for MPI-compatible models.

scholarly journals The Reconstruction of Magnetic Particle Imaging: Current Approaches Based on the System Matrix

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 773
Author(s):  
Xiaojun Chen ◽  
Zhenqi Jiang ◽  
Xiao Han ◽  
Xiaolin Wang ◽  
Xiaoying Tang
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Particle ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide ◽  
Matrix Transformations ◽  
System Matrix ◽  
Magnetic Particle Imaging ◽  
Reconstruction Methods ◽  
Spatial Coverage ◽  
Particle Imaging

Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a novel non-invasive molecular imaging technology that images the distribution of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs). It is not affected by imaging depth, with high sensitivity, high resolution, and no radiation. The MPI reconstruction with high precision and high quality is of enormous practical importance, and many studies have been conducted to improve the reconstruction accuracy and quality. MPI reconstruction based on the system matrix (SM) is an important part of MPI reconstruction. In this review, the principle of MPI, current construction methods of SM and the theory of SM-based MPI are discussed. For SM-based approaches, MPI reconstruction mainly has the following problems: the reconstruction problem is an inverse and ill-posed problem, the complex background signals seriously affect the reconstruction results, the field of view cannot cover the entire object, and the available 3D datasets are of relatively large volume. In this review, we compared and grouped different studies on the above issues, including SM-based MPI reconstruction based on the state-of-the-art Tikhonov regularization, SM-based MPI reconstruction based on the improved methods, SM-based MPI reconstruction methods to subtract the background signal, SM-based MPI reconstruction approaches to expand the spatial coverage, and matrix transformations to accelerate SM-based MPI reconstruction. In addition, the current phantoms and performance indicators used for SM-based reconstruction are listed. Finally, certain research suggestions for MPI reconstruction are proposed, expecting that this review will provide a certain reference for researchers in MPI reconstruction and will promote the future applications of MPI in clinical medicine.

scholarly journals Intracellular dynamics of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for magnetic particle imaging

Nanoscale ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 7771-7780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Teeman ◽  
Carolyn Shasha ◽  
James E. Evans ◽  
Kannan M. Krishnan
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Magnetic Particle ◽  
Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide ◽  
Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Magnetic Response ◽  
Magnetic Particle Imaging ◽  
Particle Imaging

An examination of the effects of intracellular environmental conditions on the dynamic magnetic response of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles.

Near real-time magnetic particle imaging for visual assessment of vascular stenosis in a phantom model

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 ◽  
pp. 210-214
Author(s):  
Philipp Dietrich ◽  
Patrick Vogel ◽  
Thomas Kampf ◽  
Martin A. Rückert ◽  
Volker C. Behr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Magnetic Particle ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Phantom Model ◽  
Magnetic Particle Imaging ◽  
Vascular Stenosis ◽  
Particle Imaging

scholarly journals Magnetic Particle Imaging: Current and Future Applications, Magnetic Nanoparticle Synthesis Methods and Safety Measures

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 7651
Author(s):  
Caroline Billings ◽  
Mitchell Langley ◽  
Gavin Warrington ◽  
Farzin Mashali ◽  
Jacqueline Anne Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Particle ◽  
Tumor Imaging ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Nanoparticle Synthesis ◽  
Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Iron Oxide Particles ◽  
Magnetic Particle Imaging ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Particle Imaging

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have a wide range of applications; an area of particular interest is magnetic particle imaging (MPI). MPI is an imaging modality that utilizes superparamagnetic iron oxide particles (SPIONs) as tracer particles to produce highly sensitive and specific images in a broad range of applications, including cardiovascular, neuroimaging, tumor imaging, magnetic hyperthermia and cellular tracking. While there are hurdles to overcome, including accessibility of products, and an understanding of safety and toxicity profiles, MPI has the potential to revolutionize research and clinical biomedical imaging. This review will explore a brief history of MPI, MNP synthesis methods, current and future applications, and safety concerns associated with this newly emerging imaging modality.

scholarly journals Development of Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) for Cell Tracking and Detection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kierstin P Melo ◽  
Ashley V Makela ◽  
Natasha N Knier ◽  
Amanda M Hamilton ◽  
Paula J Foster
Keyword(s):  
Iron Content ◽  
Cell Tracking ◽  
Magnetic Particle ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide ◽  
Cell Injection ◽  
Magnetic Particle Imaging ◽  
Particle Imaging

AbstractIntroductionMagnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a new imaging modality that sensitively and specifically detects superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) within a sample. SPION-based MRI cell tracking has very high sensitivity, but low specificity and quantification of iron labeled cells is difficult. MPI cell tracking could overcome these challenges.MethodsMDM-AB-231BR cells labeled with MPIO, mice were intracardially injected with either 2.5 × 105 or 5.0 × 105 cells. MRI was performed in vivo the same day at 3T using a bSSFP sequence. After mice were imaged ex vivo with MPI. In a second experiment Mice received an intracardiac injection of either 2.5 × 10 5 or 5 × 10 4 MPIO-labeled 231BR cells. In a third experiment, mice were injected with 5 × 10 4 4T1BR cells, labelled with either MPIO or the SPION Vivotrax. MRI and MPI was performed in vivo.ResultsSignal from MPI and signal voids from MRI both showed more iron content in mice receiving an injection of 5.0 × 105 cells than the 2.5 × 105 injection. In the second experiment, Day 0 MRI showed signal voids and MPI signal was detected in all mouse brains. The MPI signal and iron content measured in the brains of mice that were injected with 2.5 × 10 5 cells were approximately four times greater than in brains injected with 5 × 10 4 cells. In the third experiment, in vivo MRI was able to detect signal voids in the brains of mice injected with Vivotrax and MPIO, although voids were fainter in Vivotrax labeled cells. In vivo MPI signal was only detectable in mice injected with MPIO-labeled cells.ConclusionThis is the first example of the use of MPIO for cell tracking with MPI. With an intracardiac cell injection, approximately 15% of the injected cells are expected to arrest in the brain vasculature. For our lowest cell injection of 5.0 × 104 cells this is ∼10000 cells.

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