A Novel Application of the Schema Therapy Mode Model for Social Anxiety Disorder: A Naturalistic Case Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 153465012110278
Author(s):  
Erika S. Penney ◽  
Alice R. Norton
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Social Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Negative Evaluation ◽  
Schema Therapy ◽  
Social Avoidance ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Socially Anxious ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour

Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) is a condition defined by an excessive and persistent fear of negative evaluation in social or performance situations. Whilst Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) is the gold standard treatment, not all individuals with SAD respond to CBT. The Schema Therapy Mode Model is frequently applied to chronic and hard-to-treat conditions and therefore may be applicable for SAD individuals who are non-responders to CBT. This case study describes how the Mode Model was successfully used to treat a woman in her 20s who presented with excessive fears of negative evaluation and pervasive social avoidance. Experiential techniques, such as chair dialogues and imagery rescripting, resulted in cognitive modification of negative core beliefs, reduced experiential discomfort and increased engagement in social and relational activities. This case offers a preliminary indication that the Schema Therapy Mode Model may be an effective treatment for socially anxious individuals and that further theoretical and empirical study in this area is warranted.

Use of a Religious HYMN in Remission of Symptoms of Social Phobia (Social Anxiety Disorder): A Case Study

2005 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 411-421
Author(s):  
Hani Raoul Khouzam ◽  
Bita Ghafoori ◽  
Emma E. A. Nichols
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Social Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Muscle Tension ◽  
Negative Evaluation ◽  
Social Avoidance ◽  
Gastrointestinal Discomfort ◽  
Physiological Symptoms

This case report described a veteran with social anxiety disorder who reported fears of negative evaluation by others, social avoidance, and accompanying physiological symptoms of heart palpitations, gastrointestinal discomfort, muscle tension and mental confusion. The symptoms of social anxiety disorder subsided with the use of a Christian hymn “Be Still My Soul” and its accompanying musical poem, in Finlandia. The veteran attributed the symptom remission to the feeling of stillness and surrender to God conveyed by the words and music of the hymn. Although previous studies have shown that both music and religious beliefs can affect mental health, the findings in this case cannot be generalized without conducting further prospective empirical studies.

Cognitive behaviour therapy using the Clark & Wells model: a case study of a Japanese social anxiety disorder patient

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Yoshinaga ◽  
Osamu Kobori ◽  
Masaomi Iyo ◽  
Eiji Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Social Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Social Performance ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour ◽  
High Standards

AbstractCognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is widely regarded as an effective treatment for social anxiety disorder (SAD) in Europe and North America. The theoretical orientations underlying CBT models and treatment interventions developed in Western cultures were typically constrained by Western conceptualizations of SAD. This case study reports on the use of CBT for Japanese SAD, demonstrating the successful implementation of cognitive techniques grounded in the Clark & Wells model. The patient was a Japanese female with excessively high standards for workplace social performance. Therapy mainly comprised case formulation, behavioural experiments, and opinion surveying based on the Clark & Wells model. These techniques allowed the patient to reduce the strength of maladaptive cognitions and lower her excessively high standards for social performance. CBT treatment using the Clark & Wells model was effective and suitable for Japanese SAD, at least in the present case. We also discuss the cross-cultural differences of SAD and adaptation of CBT.

scholarly journals Predictors of Symptomatic Change and Adherence in Internet-Based Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Social Anxiety Disorder in Routine Psychiatric Care

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. e0124258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samir El Alaoui ◽  
Brjánn Ljótsson ◽  
Erik Hedman ◽  
Viktor Kaldo ◽  
Evelyn Andersson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Social Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Psychiatric Care ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour

scholarly journals Neuroendocrine models of social anxiety disorder

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-293 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Social Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Developmental Plasticity ◽  
Peptide Hormones ◽  
Social Avoidance ◽  
Socially Anxious ◽  
Submissive Behavior ◽  
Early Trauma ◽  
Developmental Windows

Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a highly prevalent and disabling disorder with key behavioral traits of social fearfulness, social avoidance, and submissiveness. Here we argue that hormonal systems play a key role in mediating social anxiety, and so may be important in SAD. Hormonal alterations, often established early in development through the interaction between biological and psychological factors (eg, genetic predisposition x early trauma), predispose to socially fearful, avoidant, and submissive behavior. However, whereas gene variants and histories of trauma persist, hormonal systems can be remodeled over the course of life. Hormones play a key role during the periods of all sensitive developmental windows (ie, prenatal, neonatal, puberty, aging), and are capable of opening up new developmental windows in adulthood. Indeed, the developmental plasticity of our social brain, and thus of social behavior in adulthood, critically depends on steroid hormones such as testosterone and peptide hormones such as oxytocin. These steroid and peptide hormones in interaction with social experiences may have potential for reprogramming the socially anxious brain. Certainly, single administrations of oxytocin and testosterone in humans reduce socially fearful, avoidant, and submissive behavior. Such work may ultimately lead to new approaches to the treatment of SAD.

Modifiability of Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Agreeableness by Group Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Social Anxiety Disorder

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krystyna Glinski ◽  
Andrew C. Page
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Social Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Personality Pathology ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour

AbstractThe study investigated if the degree of personality pathology among people with clinical levels of social anxiety disorder was similar to those with personality disorders more generally, if the degree of avoidant personality pathology was correlated positively with Neuroticism and negatively with Extraversion and facets of Agreeableness (particularly Trust), and finally if scores on the relevant personality dimensions improve from pre- to post-treatment. Changes in Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Agreeableness were examined following group treatment for social anxiety disorder. The current study employed a within-subjects repeated-measures design (N= 25) to investigate whether these traits can be changed by group treatment for social anxiety disorder. A measure of personality disorder pathology was found to correlate positively with Neuroticism and negatively with Agreeableness in the absence of significant relationships with other Five-Factor Model traits. Treatment was associated with significant reductions in Neuroticism and there was significant improvement of the Trust facet of Agreeableness. These results are discussed in terms of the way that group treatment for Social Anxiety Disorder may be enhanced.

scholarly journals The Halitosis Consequences Inventory: psychometric properties and relationship with social anxiety disorder

BDJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Duarte da Conceicao ◽  
Fernanda Salgueiredo Giudice ◽  
Lucas de Francisco Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Social Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Negative Evaluation ◽  
Social Avoidance ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale ◽  
Distress Scale ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Adequate Internal Consistency

Abstract Objectives: Individuals who complain of halitosis experience psychological consequences that can lead to social, professional, and affective limitations. Research has identified social anxiety disorder (SAD) as the most common psychopathology associated to halitosis complaints. Combining these two lines of research, we sought to determine the validity of the Halitosis Consequences Inventory (ICH), a scale designed to assess the psychological consequences of halitosis complaints. We also investigated the relationship between these consequences and SAD. Materials and methods: Participants were 436 individuals, including those with and without halitosis complaints (n=411 and n=25, respectively). Measures administered were the ICH, Social Phobia Inventory and its shortened version, the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale, Social Avoidance and Distress Scale, and Fear of Negative Evaluation scale. Results: The ICH had adequate internal consistency (α=0.93) and could accurately discriminate between participants with and without halitosis complaints. Furthermore, individuals with high scores on the ICH were more likely to have SAD. Conclusions: The ICH is an important tool for determining the aversive halitosis consequences, allowing to identify, with some degree of accuracy, individuals who might require screening for SAD. Besides, there´s a linear relationship between the presence of halitosis consequences and SAD.

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