Experience on an Elevated Inclined Surface and Postural Control

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (14) ◽  
pp. 1311-1314
Author(s):  
Chip Wade ◽  
Jerry Davis
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
Support Surface ◽  
Motion Analysis System ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Significant Decrement ◽  
Peripheral Area ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Inclined Surface

Historically, roofing work has been ranked among the highest of all industries with incidents of fatal and non-fatal falls. The purpose of this study was to investigate the exposure to an elevated inclined surface on postural stability. Twenty males, 10 experienced roofers, and 10 inexperienced college students participated in this study, which consisted of a preliminary balance test, followed by exposure to an elevated inclined surface for ten-minutes of exposure. While subjects walked, a motion analysis system recorded their position on the elevated roofing surface to determine the amount of time a subject spent in each of two areas, central or peripheral. Results suggest that both experienced and inexperienced individuals demonstrated decreased postural stability following exposure to the elevated inclined surface, with experienced individuals demonstrating a lesser decrement. Furthermore, experienced individuals spent a significantly greater portion of time in the peripheral area (extremities of the elevated roofing surface) surface compared to inexperienced individuals. These findings suggest that there is a significant decrement in postural stability due to exposure to an elevated inclined support surface.

Effect of Head Orientation on Human Postural Stability Following Unilateral Vestibular Ablation

1991 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-160
Author(s):  
Charles R. Fox ◽  
Gary D. Paige
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Head Orientation ◽  
Support Surface ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Vestibular Information ◽  
Postural Equilibrium ◽  
Vestibular Pathology

Effective interpretation of vestibular inputs to postural control requires that orientation of head on body is known. Postural stability might deteriorate when vestibular information and neck information are not properly coupled, as might occur with vestibular pathology. Postural sway was assessed in unilateral vestibulopathic patients before and acutely, 1,4, and 18+ months after unilateral vestibular ablation (UVA) as well as in normal subjects. Postural equilibrium with eyes closed was quantified as scaled pk-pk sway during 20 s trials in which the support surface was modulated proportionally with sway. Subjects were tested with the head upright and facing forward, turned 45∘ right, and 45∘ left. Equilibrium was uninfluenced by head orientation in normal subjects. In contrast, patients after UV A showed both a general reduction in stability and a right/left head orientation-dependent asymmetry. These abnormalities adaptively recovered with time. It is concluded that vestibular inputs to postural control are interpreted within a sensory-motor context of head-on-body orientation.

Dynamic Regulation of Sensorimotor Integration in Human Postural Control

2004 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 410-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Peterka ◽  
Patrick J. Loughlin
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
Sensory Systems ◽  
Body Sway ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Support Surface ◽  
Proprioceptive Information ◽  
Postural Control System ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Orientation Information

Upright stance in humans is inherently unstable, requiring corrective action based on spatial-orientation information from sensory systems. One might logically predict that environments providing access to accurate orientation information from multiple sensory systems would facilitate postural stability. However, we show that, after a period in which access to accurate sensory information was reduced, the restoration of accurate information disrupted postural stability. In eyes-closed trials, proprioceptive information was altered by rotating the support surface in proportion to body sway (support surface “sway-referencing”). When the support surface returned to a level orientation, most subjects developed a transient 1-Hz body sway oscillation that differed significantly from the low-amplitude body sway typically observed during quiet stance. Additional experiments showed further enhancement of the 1-Hz oscillation when the surface transitioned from a sway-referenced to a reverse sway-referenced motion. Oscillatory behavior declined with repetition of trials, suggesting a learning effect. A simple negative feedback-control model of the postural control system predicted the occurrence of this 1-Hz oscillation in conditions where too much corrective torque is generated in proportion to body sway. Model simulations were used to distinguish between two alternative explanations for the excessive corrective torque generation. Simulation results favor an explanation based on the dynamic reweighting of sensory contributions to postural control rather than a load-compensation mechanism that scales torque in proportion to a fixed combination of sensory-orientation information.

POSTURAL STABILITY IN PATIENTS WITH LATENT TRIGGER ZONES OF NECK MUSCULATURE

2019 ◽  
pp. 114-123
Author(s):  
E.R. Mukhametova ◽  
A.D. Militskova ◽  
T.V. Baltina
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Trigger Points ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neck Muscle ◽  
Pressure Center ◽  
Cervical Muscles ◽  
Equilibrium Function ◽  
Romberg Test

There are many reasons for postural disorder development, but dysfunction of the cervical spine muscles is the most disputable reason. The purpose of the study is to reveal the influence of latent myogenic trigger zones of the cervical muscles on postural resistance. Materials and Methods. The authors used the method of computer posturography. Latent myogenic trigger zones (LMTZs) were determined by an indurated nodule or bundle in the neck muscle and by hyperesthesia in this zona. Assessment of postural resistance in subjects with LMTZs was carried out using standard posturography tests and Romberg test. Both classical and vector indicators were evaluated in a standard sample. Results. In fact, only vector indicators changed significantly in subjects with multiple LMTZs (4 or more). Thus, a decrease in the equilibrium function quality was established, as well as an increase in the average linear velocity of the pressure center and an increase in the normalized vectorogram area if compared with the indices in the control group and the group with sporadic LMTZs (from 1 to 3). The obtained results indicate a postural control decrease in individuals with multiple LMTZs. Subjects with sporadic LMTZs demonstrated a significant decrease in classical and a number of vector indicators, which shows the improvement in postural resistance in this test group. In Romberg test, all subjects with LMTZs, regardless of the zone number, showed an increasd Romberg coefficient. Conclusion. Multiple LMTZs of cervical muscles can reduce postural stability through increased afferentation from the cervical proprioreceptors. It is more obvious during in case of eye control elimination. Keywords: latent myogenic trigger points, postural control, posturography, Romberg test. Выделяют множество причин развития постуральных нарушений, среди которых дисфункция мышц шейного отдела позвоночника является наиболее спорной. Цель исследования. Выявить влияние латентных миогенных триггерных зон шейной мускулатуры на постуральную устойчивость. Материалы и методы. Использовался метод компьютерной стабилографии. Латентные миогенные триггерные зоны (лМТЗ) определялись по наличию в мышце шеи уплотненного узелка или пучка и по повышенной болевой чувствительности в этой области. Оценка постуральной устойчивости у испытуемых с лМТЗ осуществлялась с помощью стандартного стабилографического тестирования и теста Ромберга. В стандартной пробе оценивались как классические, так и векторные показатели. Результаты. Показано, что у испытуемых с множественными лМТЗ (4 и более) достоверно изменяются только векторные показатели. Так, установлено снижение качества функции равновесия, а также повышение средней линейной скорости центра давления и увеличение нормированной площади векторограммы по сравнению показателями в группе контроля и группе с единичными лМТЗ (от 1 до 3), что указывает на снижение постурального контроля у лиц с множественными лМТЗ. У испытуемых с единичными лМТЗ отмечено достоверное снижение классических показателей и ряда векторных, что свидетельствует об улучшении постуральной устойчивости в данной группе испытуемых. В пробе Ромберга все субъекты с лМТЗ независимо от количества последних показали повышение коэффициента Ромберга. Выводы. Множественные лМТЗ шейной мускулатуры могут снизить постуральную устойчивость через усиление афферентации от шейных проприорецепторов, что наиболее выражено при элиминации зрительного контроля. Ключевые слова: латентные миогенные триггерные точки, постуральный контроль, стабилография, тест Ромберга.

scholarly journals Minimal shoes improve stability and mobility in persons with a history of falls

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Cudejko ◽  
James Gardiner ◽  
Asangaedem Akpan ◽  
Kristiaan D’Août
Keyword(s):  
Fall Prevention ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Stability Margin ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Margin Of Stability ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
History Of ◽  
Falls In Older Adults

AbstractPostural and walking instabilities contribute to falls in older adults. Given that shoes affect human locomotor stability and that visual, cognitive and somatosensory systems deteriorate during aging, we aimed to: (1) compare the effects of footwear type on stability and mobility in persons with a history of falls, and (2) determine whether the effect of footwear type on stability is altered by the absence of visual input or by an additional cognitive load. Thirty participants performed standing and walking trials in three footwear conditions, i.e. conventional shoes, minimal shoes, and barefoot. The outcomes were: (1) postural stability (movement of the center of pressure during eyes open/closed), (2) walking stability (Margin of Stability during normal/dual-task walking), (3) mobility (the Timed Up and Go test and the Star Excursion Balance test), and (4) perceptions of the shoes (Monitor Orthopaedic Shoes questionnaire). Participants were more stable during standing and walking in minimal shoes than in conventional shoes, independent of visual or walking condition. Minimal shoes were more beneficial for mobility than conventional shoes and barefoot. This study supports the need for longitudinal studies investigating whether minimal footwear is more beneficial for fall prevention in older people than conventional footwear.

scholarly journals Investigation of normal knees kinematics in walking and running at different speeds using a portable motion analysis system

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Rixu Liu ◽  
Dongyang Qian ◽  
Yushu Chen ◽  
Jianyu Zou ◽  
Shicong Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motion Analysis ◽  
Motion Analysis System ◽  
Analysis System

scholarly journals How cognitive loads modulate the postural control of older women with low back pain?

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Ge ◽  
Qiuhua Yu ◽  
Chuhuai Wang ◽  
Huanjie Huang ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Difficulty Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Dual Tasks ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Arithmetic Task

Abstract Background The capacity of postural control is a key factor related to falling in older people, particularly in older women with low back pain (LBP). Cognitive involvement in postural control increases with age. However, most scholars have not considered different difficulty levels of cognitive loads when exploring the effects of cognition on postural control in older patients with LBP. The present study is to investigate how different levels of cognitive loads modulate postural control in older women with LBP. Methods This was a cross-sectional study. Twenty older women with LBP were recruited into the LBP group, and 20 healthy older women without the history of LBP were recruited into the healthy control group. Balance parameters were computed to quantify postural control. All participants underwent the balance test, which required the participant to maintain stability during standing on a force platform with or without a concurrent cognitive task. The balance test included three levels of difficulties of posture tasks (eyes-open vs. eyes-closed vs. one-leg stance) and three cognitive tasks (without cognitive task vs. auditory arithmetic task vs. serial-7 s arithmetic task). Results A repeated-measure analysis of variance (3 postural tasks × 3 congnitive tasks× 2 groups) testing the effects of the different congnitive task levels on the performance in different postural conditions. Older women with LBP had worse postural control (as reflected by larger center of pressure (COP) parameters) than control group regardless of postural or cognitive difficulties. Compared with the single task, the COP parameters of participants with LBP were larger during dual tasks, even though the difficulty level of the cognitive task was low. Larger COP parameters were shown only if the difficulty level of the cognitive task was high in control group. Correlations between sway area/sway length and the number of falls were significant in dual tasks. Conclusion Our findings shed light on how cognitive loads modulate postural control for older women with LBP. Compared with control group, cognitive loads showed more disturbing effects on postural control in older women with LBP, which was associated with falling.

scholarly journals Sex Differences, Hormone Fluctuations, Ankle Stability, and Dynamic Postural Control

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayley Ericksen ◽  
Phillip A. Gribble
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Ankle Stability ◽  
Ankle Arthrometer ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Star Excursion Balance Test ◽  
Anterior Posterior

Context: Hormonal fluctuation as a risk factor in anterior cruciate ligament injury has been investigated with conflicting results. However, the influence of hormone fluctuations on ankle laxity and function has not been thoroughly examined. Objective: To examine the potential hormone contributions to ankle laxity and dynamic postural control during the preovulatory and postovulatory phases of the menstrual cycle using an ankle arthrometer and the Star Excursion Balance Test in healthy women. The cohort group consisted of male control participants. Design: Cohort study. Setting: Research laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: Twenty healthy women (age = 23.8 ± 6.50 years, height = 163.88 ± 8.28 cm, mass = 63.08 ± 12.38 kg) and 20 healthy men (age = 23.90 ± 4.15 years, height = 177.07 ± 7.60 cm, mass = 80.57 ± 12.20 kg). Intervention(s): Ankle stability was assessed with anterior-posterior and inversion-eversion loading. Dynamic postural control was assessed with the posteromedial reaching distance of the Star Excursion Balance Test. Main Outcome Measure(s): Female participants used ovulation kits for 3 months to determine the time of ovulation; during their preovulatory and postovulatory phases, they were tested in the laboratory with an ankle arthrometer and the Star Excursion Balance Test. Male participants were tested on similar dates as controls. For each dependent variable, a time by side by sex repeated-measures analysis of variance was performed. Statistical significance was set a priori at P < .05. Results: For anterior-posterior laxity, a side main effect was noted (F1,38 = 10.93, P = .002). For inversion-eversion laxity, a sex main effect was seen (F1,38 = 10.75, P = .002). For the posteromedial reaching task, a sex main effect was demonstrated (F1,38 = 8.72, P = .005). No influences of time on the dependent variables were evident. Conclusions: Although women presented with more ankle inversion-eversion laxity and less dynamic postural control, hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle (preovulatory compared with postovulatory) did not affect ankle laxity or dynamic postural control, 2 factors that are associated with ankle instability.

Dynamic and Static Assessment of Single-Leg Postural Control in Female Soccer Players

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-178
Author(s):  
Kelly M. Meiners ◽  
Janice K. Loudon
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Left Lower Extremity ◽  
Static Assessment ◽  
Dynamic Postural Stability

Purpose/Background: Various methods are available for assessment of static and dynamic postural stability. The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between dynamic postural stability as measured by the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) and static postural sway assessment as measured by the TechnoBody™ Pro-Kin in female soccer players. A secondary purpose was to determine side-to-side symmetry in this cohort. Methods: A total of 18 female soccer players completed testing on the SEBT and Technobody™ Pro-Kin balance device. Outcome measures were anterior, posterior medial, and posterior lateral reaches from the SEBT and center of pressure in the x- and y-axes as well as SD of movement in the forward/backward and medial/lateral directions from the force plate on left and right legs. Bivariate correlations were determined between the 8 measures. In addition, paired Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were performed to determine similarity between limb scores. Results: All measures on both the SEBT and postural sway assessment were significantly correlated when comparing dominant with nondominant lower-extremities with the exception of SD of movement in both x- and y-axes. When correlating results of the SEBT with postural sway assessment, a significant correlation was found between the SEBT right lower-extremity posterior lateral reach (r = .567, P < .05) and summed SEBT (r = .486, P < .05) and the center of pressure in the y-axis. A significant correlation was also found on the left lower-extremity, with SD of forward/backward movement and SEBT posterior medial reach (r = −.511, P < .05). Conclusions: Dynamic postural tests and static postural tests provide different information to the overall assessment of balance in female soccer players. Relationship between variables differed based on the subject’s lower-extremity dominance.

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