Modeling Human Performance with Environmental Stressors: A Case Study of the Effect of Vehicle Motion

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (12) ◽  
pp. 780-783
Author(s):  
Josephine Q. Wojciechowski
Keyword(s):  
Human Performance ◽  
Performance Modeling ◽  
Environmental Stressors ◽  
Modeling Tools ◽  
Moving Vehicle ◽  
Task Time ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

Human performance modeling tools are used to predict mission performance as a function of human performance. The U.S. Army Research Laboratory has developed a human performance modeling tool, the Improved Performance Research Integration Tool (IMPRINT), for investigation of the impact on a Soldier's performance when the Soldier subjected to environmental stressors such as heat and cold. IMPRINT has the capability to create user-defined stressors to study the stressors' effect on human performance and therefore system performance. This case study used data from literature to create a user-defined stressor in IMPRINT to predict the effect of riding in a moving vehicle on task time and performance. This capability can provide useful information to system designers.

scholarly journals Impact of Business Communication Determinants on Business Profitability: An Empirical Evidence of Citibank in Greece

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Stavros Kalogiannidis ◽  
Stamatis Kontsas
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Business Communication ◽  
Survey Questionnaire ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Business Profitability ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Descriptive Survey ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this research was to assess the impact of business communication on business profitability using Citibank Greece as the case study. Communication has been for a long time a great tool of improved performance in organizations because it contributes in bridging the gap between the organstaion and its different stakeholders. However, little focus is normally given on how communication influences profitability of different businesses. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the link between business communication and business profitability by employing literature and contextual based research instrument. The research was conducted as a descriptive survey from where data were collected using an online survey questionnaire. The analysis of data was conducted using various expository statistical methods of analysis. Finally, the obtained results strongly suggest that effective communication in business has an obvious and indisputable influence on business profitability and performance.

scholarly journals The Influence of Video Format on Engagement and Performance in Online Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Sergej Lackmann ◽  
Pierre-Majorique Léger ◽  
Patrick Charland ◽  
Caroline Aubé ◽  
Jean Talbot
Keyword(s):  
Student Performance ◽  
Cognitive Engagement ◽  
Emotional Engagement ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Lecture Capture ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Subject Experiment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Video Format

Millions of students follow online classes which are delivered in video format. Several studies examine the impact of these video formats on engagement and learning using explicit measures and outline the need to also investigate the implicit cognitive and emotional states of online learners. Our study compared two video formats in terms of engagement (over time) and learning in a between-subject experiment. Engagement was operationalized using explicit and implicit neurophysiological measures. Twenty-six (26) subjects participated in the study and were randomly assigned to one of two conditions based on the video shown: infographic video or lecture capture. The infographic video showed animated graphics, images, and text. The lecture capture showed a professor, providing a lecture, filmed in a classroom setting. Results suggest that lecture capture triggers greater emotional engagement over a shorter period, whereas the infographic video maintains higher emotional and cognitive engagement over longer periods of time. Regarding student learning, the infographic video contributes to significantly improved performance in matters of difficult questions. Additionally, our results suggest a significant relationship between engagement and student performance. In general, the higher the engagement, the better the student performance, although, in the case of cognitive engagement, the link is quadratic (inverted U shaped).

scholarly journals Firm Level Strategy, Organization Culture and Performance of Food and Beverage Manufacturing Firms in Kenya

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary B. Awino ◽  
Dominic C. Muteshi ◽  
Reginah K. Kitiabi ◽  
Ganesh P. Pokhariyal
Keyword(s):  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Organization Culture ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The study tested the impact of organization culture on the on the relationship between firm-level strategy and performance of food and beverage manufacturing firms in Kenya. The opinion of the CEO/MDs from 125 firms in this sector was sought by application of a structured questionnaire; the collected data was analysed using hierarchical regression analysis. The paper stated hypothesis that organizational culture has a significant effect on the relationship between firm-level strategy and performance. The results supported the hypothesis. Therefore, firm development of strong organization culture to support firm-level strategy for higher performance is paramount. These findings will contribute to government policy formulation for sector’s expansion and competitiveness and management drives in building a positive organization culture to support firm-level strategy for improved performance.

scholarly journals How Do Political Features Influence the Co-Production of Government Projects? A Case Study of a Medium-Sized Chinese City

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7600
Author(s):  
Wenting Ma ◽  
Rui Mu ◽  
Martin de Jong
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Chinese City ◽  
Production Stages ◽  
Political Background ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Western Experience ◽  
The Impact

Co-production is a solution by which the government provides public services. Co-production theory is built upon Western experience and currently focuses on the types of co-production in different policy stages, the barriers and governance strategies for co-production. However, little attention is paid to how political background will influence the co-production process. To fill the gap, we analyzed a case of co-production that occurred in China, and we characterized the political background as consisting of three main political features: political mobility, central–local relations, and performance measurement. Based on an in-depth case study of a government project in a medium-sized Chinese city, the impact and the changes of political features affecting governmental projects in different co-production stages are analyzed and assessed. We find that political features play a critical role in the co-production of China’s large government projects and may separately and jointly affect co-production. Government performance measurement affects the co-design and co-implementation of projects. Political mobility and changes in local government and performance measurement also affect the co-implementation continuity of the project. Political focus affects the co-design of projects. Central-local relations influence the support from higher government and the actual practices of lower government in the co-implementation stage.

Human performance modeling: A case study

2010 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 36-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry L. Harbour
Keyword(s):  
Human Performance ◽  
Performance Modeling

Level of Automation Forms a Key Aspect of Autonomy Design

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mica R. Endsley
Keyword(s):  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Interface Design ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Level Of Automation ◽  
Out Of The Loop ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Levels Of Automation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

The concept of different levels of automation (LOAs) has been pervasive in the automation literature since its introduction by Sheridan and Verplanck. LOA taxonomies have been very useful in guiding understanding of how automation affects human cognition and performance, with several practical and theoretical benefits. Over the past several decades a wide body of research has been conducted on the impact of various LOAs on human performance, workload, and situation awareness (SA). LOA has a significant effect on operator SA and level of engagement that helps to ameliorate out-of-the-loop performance problems. Together with other aspects of system design, including adaptive automation, granularity of control, and automation interface design, LOA is a fundamental design characteristic that determines the ability of operators to provide effective oversight and interaction with system autonomy. LOA research provides a solid foundation for guiding the creation of effective human–automation interaction, which is critical for the wide range of autonomous and semiautonomous systems currently being developed across many industries.

Impact of Organizational Trauma on Workplace Behavior and Performance

2017 ◽  
pp. 869-893
Author(s):  
Ben Tran
Keyword(s):  
Community College ◽  
Workplace Bullying ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Workplace Behavior ◽  
Research Reporting ◽  
Community College District ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Organizational Trauma ◽  
The Impact

Research suggests, according to Branch, Ramsay, and Barker (2013), that a significant number of people are exposed to persistent abusive treatment within the workplace, with the majority of studies within Europe indicating that between 10% and 15% of the workforce are exposed to workplace bullying (Zapf, Escartin, Einarsen, Hoel, & Vartia, 2011), with North American research reporting similar prevalence rates. This is a significant, ongoing dilemma for researchers and practitioners, for which an agreed resolution would be useful because of legal and policy implications. Hence, the purpose of this chapter is on the impact of organizational trauma on workplace behavior and performance based on workplace bullying. The chapter is based on a case study regarding a program that is funded by the Department of Education within a community college in the State of California. The community college is one of four community colleges under the same community college district.

Preliminary Design and Performance of Counter Rotating Turbines for Open Rotors: Part II — 0-D Methodology and Case Study for a 160 PAX Aircraft

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Bellocq ◽  
Inaki Garmendia ◽  
Jordane Legrand ◽  
Vishal Sethi
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Design Space Exploration ◽  
Design Space ◽  
Space Exploration ◽  
Preliminary Design ◽  
Regulatory Constraints ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

Direct Drive Open Rotors (DDORs) have the potential to significantly reduce fuel consumption and emissions relative to conventional turbofans. However, this engine architecture presents many design and operational challenges both at engine and aircraft level. At preliminary design stages, a broad design space exploration is required to identify potential optimum design regions and to understand the main trade offs of this novel engine architecture. These assessments may also aid the development process when compromises need to be performed as a consequence of design, operational or regulatory constraints. Design space exploration assessments are done with 0-D or 1-D models for computational purposes. These simplified 0-D and 1-D models have to capture the impact of the independent variation of the main design and control variables of the engine. Historically, it appears that for preliminary design studies of DDORs, Counter Rotating Turbines (CRTs) have been modelled as conventional turbines and therefore it was not possible to assess the impact of the variation of the number of stages (Nb) of the CRT and rotational speed of the propellers. Additionally, no preliminary design methodology for CRTs was found in the public domain. Part I of this two-part publication proposes a 1-D preliminary design methodology for DDOR CRTs which allows an independent definition of both parts of the CRT. A method for calculating the off-design performance of a known CRT design is also described. In Part II, a 0-D design point efficiency calculation for CRTs is proposed and verified with the 1-D methods. The 1-D and 0-D CRT models were used in an engine control and design space exploration case study of a DDOR with a 4.26m diameter an 10% clipped propeller for a 160 PAX aircraft. For this application: • the design and performance of a 20 stage CRT rotating at 860 rpm (both drums) obtained with the 1-D methods is presented. • differently from geared open rotors, negligible cruise fuel savings can be achieved by an advanced propeller control. • for rotational speeds between 750 and 880 rpm (relatively low speeds for reduced noise), 22 and 20 stages CRTs are required. • engine weight can be kept constant for different design rotational speeds by using the minimum required Nb. • for any target engine weight, TOC and cruise SFC are reduced by reducing the rotational speeds and increasing Nb (also favourable for reducing CRP noise). However additional CRT stages increase engine drag, mechanical complexity and cost.

Multi-Pressure Surface Condenser Performance Evaluation: A Case Study

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Komandur S. Sunder Raj
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Performance Modeling ◽  
Plant Design ◽  
Turbine Generator ◽  
Modeling Tools ◽  
Pressure Surface ◽  
Design Basis ◽  
Predicting Performance

Surface condensers for power plant applications are generally specified and designed following turbine-condenser optimization studies. The turbine manufacturer provides turbine-generator performance data (thermal kit) at the very outset of plant design when the condenser is usually a black box and not much is known about its design. The turbine-generator guarantee would then be based on a specified condenser pressure that may or may not be attainable once the condenser is actually specified and designed. The condenser pressure used for the turbine performance guarantee might assume a single-pressure condenser while the actual design might be a multi-pressure condenser. In order to properly predict and monitor the performance and conduct diagnostics on a multi-pressure condenser, it is important to understand the design basis and develop an accurate model using performance modeling tools. The paper presents a multi-pressure condenser case study for a 600 Mwe nuclear power plant. The paper discusses the design basis used, interface between the turbine and condenser, use of a performance modeling tool for predicting performance, determining capacity losses attributable to the condenser and conducting diagnostics.

NAO Robots Collaboration for Object Manipulation

2013 ◽  
Vol 332 ◽  
pp. 218-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Ninett Panfir ◽  
Răzvan Boboc ◽  
Gheorghe Leonte Mogan
Keyword(s):  
Object Manipulation ◽  
Humanoid Robots ◽  
New Method ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Manufacturing Environment ◽  
Complex Operation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Specific Scenario

This paper proposes a new method of collaboration within a team of twoindividual NAO robots that should execute together a complex operation. The Naorobots are developed so as not only to act individually, but also to cooperatewith other robots if they cannot accomplish the operation alone. This paperpresents a case study demonstrating the integration of the humanoid roboticsplatform Nao within a cooperation application. This specific scenario ofinterest takes place in a small simulated manufacturing environment; while thetask being the storage of a big object, with different shape and weight. Thisscenario is used to observe the impact and performance that this particularteam of humanoid robots has in an industrial environment.Finally we present the successful implementation of robot – robot cooperationcapabilities inspired by human behaviour.

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