The Effects of Whole Body Exercise on Choice-Reaction Time Performance

1974 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 476-479
Author(s):  
Alan B. Dechovitz ◽  
Rodney K. Schutz ◽  
Thomas L. Sadosky
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Choice Reaction Time ◽  
Error Rate ◽  
Reaction Time Task ◽  
Work Load ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Whole Body

A study which investigates how cognitive performance is affected by simultaneous, physical exercise is reported. Whole body exercise on a bicycle ergometer at four work loads (30, 60, 120 and 180 watts) and four rates (30, 40, 60 and 90 rpm) for durations of from 5 to 25 minutes were investigated. A two-stage choice reaction time task was performed at one minute intervals prior to, during and after exercise. Psychomotor performance was measured by reaction time and error rate. Although the subjects were fully trained, very pronounced subject differences were noted. The psychomotor response did not vary with work load (watts) or work rate (rpm), and in addition, was not related to the physiological measurements recorded for heart rate and oxygen consumption. Nominal differences in reaction time and error rate were detected during and after exercise; but it was concluded that physical exercise, even if strenuous, does not cause a modification in cognitive performance of practical significance.

scholarly journals Cognitive and mood effects in healthy children during 12 weeks' supplementation with multi-vitamin/minerals

2008 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 1086-1096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Crystal F. Haskell ◽  
Andrew B. Scholey ◽  
Philippa A. Jackson ◽  
Jade M. Elliott ◽  
Margaret A. Defeyter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Choice Reaction Time ◽  
Spatial Working Memory ◽  
Reaction Time Task ◽  
Choice Reaction Time Task ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Post Dose ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Time Task

Adequate levels of vitamins and minerals are essential for optimal neural functioning. A high proportion of individuals, including children, suffer from deficiencies in one or more vitamins or minerals. This study investigated whether daily supplementation with vitamins/minerals could modulate cognitive performance and mood in healthy children. In this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel groups investigation, eighty-one healthy children aged from 8 to 14 years underwent laboratory assessments of their cognitive performance and mood pre-dose and at 1 and 3 h post-dose on the first and last days of 12 weeks' supplementation with a commercially available vitamins/mineral product (Pharmaton Kiddi™). Interim assessments were also completed at home after 4 and 8 weeks at 3 h post-dose. Each assessment comprised completion of a cognitive battery, delivered over the Internet, which included tasks assessing mood and the speed and accuracy of attention and aspects of memory (secondary, semantic and spatial working memory). The vitamin/mineral group performed more accurately on two attention tasks: ‘Arrows’ choice reaction time task at 4 and 8 weeks; ‘Arrow Flankers’ choice reaction time task at 4, 8 and 12 weeks. A single task outcome (Picture Recognition errors) evinced significant decrements at 12 weeks. Mood was not modulated in any interpretable manner. Whilst it is possible that the significant improvements following treatment were due to non-significant numerical differences in performance at baseline, these results would seem to suggest that vitamin/mineral supplementation has the potential to improve brain function in healthy children. This proposition requires further investigation.

Analysis of Task Difficulty under Varying Conditions of Induced Stress

1970 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry W. Thornton ◽  
Paul D. Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Choice Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Time Task ◽  
Simple Reaction Time Task ◽  
Simple Task ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Time Task ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Task Relatedness ◽  
Related Stress

Two tasks (simple and choice reaction time) were examined while varying three types of stressors (shock, threat of shock, and noise) and the stressor task relationship (i.e., task-related stress, task-unrelated stress, and no-stress). Four specific hypotheses were tested and 3 were supported in the simple reaction-time task. There were no significant differences among stressors for either task, although greater differences were reported in the simple than in the choice reaction-time task. A significant difference between the “task-relatedness” of stress levels in the simple task was interpreted as possibly due to a “coping” or “protective adaptive mechanism” in which increases in performance serve to reduce stress. Practical applications were examined.

Thermoregulation during rest and exercise in different postures in a hot humid environment

1980 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 999-1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kabayashi ◽  
S. M. Horvath ◽  
F. J. Diaz ◽  
D. R. Bransford ◽  
B. L. Drinkwater
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Work Load ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Evaporative Heat Loss ◽  
Humid Environment ◽  
Supine Posture ◽  
Three Body ◽  
Rest And Exercise

The time course of whole-body sweating and thermal regulation during rest and exercise in a hot humid environment was investigated in three body postures. After 45 min rest in the upright, low-sit, or supine posture, five unacclimatized men exercised for 45 min on a bicycle ergometer in the same posture in an environment of 49.5 degrees C, 28.9 Torr. Exercise was performed at two different work loads, corresponding to about 30 and 45% of VO2max. During exercise auditory canal temperature, rectal temperature, and mean skin temperature increased linearly being highest in the supine and lowest in the upright posture. Percentage of evaporated sweat from the skin to secreted sweat was 65% in upright, 52% in the low-sit, and only 46% in the supine posture during the last 20 min of exercise regardless of work load. The time course of the rate of body heat storage was different from predictions based on the thermal balance equation. Evaporative heat loss was not 100% effective in cooling the skin surface.

Reaction Time in a Visual 4-Choice Reaction Time Task: ERP Effects of Motor Preparation and Hemispheric Involvement

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrida Antonova ◽  
Claudia van Swam ◽  
Daniela Hubl ◽  
Thomas Dierks ◽  
Inga Griskova-Bulanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Choice Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Time Task ◽  
Motor Preparation ◽  
Choice Reaction Time Task ◽  
Time Task
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