Predictive Performance Models and Multiple Task Performance

1989 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher D. Wickens ◽  
Inge Larish ◽  
Aaron Contorer
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Divided Attention ◽  
Predictive Performance ◽  
Flight Simulation ◽  
Complex Task ◽  
Performance Models ◽  
Helicopter Flight ◽  
Multiple Tasks ◽  
Multiple Resource ◽  
Multiple Task

This symposium presents five models that predict how performance of multiple tasks will interact in complex task scenarios. The models are discussed, in part, in terms of the assumptions they make about human operator divided attention. The different assumptions about attention are empirically validated in a multitask helicopter flight simulation reported in the present paper. It is concluded from this simulation that the most important assumption relates to the coding of demand level of different component tasks. The potential gains to be made multiple resource assumptions remain uncertain.

TASKILLAN: A Simulation to Predict the Validity of Multiple Resource Models of Aviation Workload

1988 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher D. Wickens ◽  
Kelly Harwood ◽  
Leon Segal ◽  
Inge Tkalcevic ◽  
Bill Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Model Validation ◽  
Predictive Models ◽  
Spatial Awareness ◽  
Level Flight ◽  
Helicopter Flight ◽  
Processing Resources ◽  
Multiple Resource ◽  
Multiple Task ◽  
Over Time

The objective of this research was to establish the validity of predictive models of workload in the context of a controlled simulation of a helicopter flight mission. The models that were evaluated contain increasing levels of sophistication regarding their assumptions about the competition for processing resources underlying multiple task performance. Ten subjects performed the simulation which involved various combinations of a low level flight task with three cognitive side tasks, pertaining to navigation, spatial awareness and computation. Side task information was delivered auditorily or visually. Results indicated that subjective workload is best predicted by relatively simple models that simply integrate the total demands of tasks over time (r = 0.65). In contrast, performance is not well predicted by these models (r < .10), but is best predicted by models that assume differential competition between processing resources (r = 0.47). The relevance of these data to predictive models and to the use of subjective measures for model validation is discussed.

Methodology and the Use of Dual and Complex-Task Paradigms in Human Factors Research

1982 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 354-358
Author(s):  
Phillip L. Ackerman ◽  
Christopher D. Wickens
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Complex Task ◽  
Problem Situations ◽  
Human Factors Research ◽  
Multiple Task ◽  
Data Analytic ◽  
Data Level

Two problem situations are discussed with respect to the multiple task literature, one stemming from statistical artifacts derived by inappropriate data-analytic procedures and the other caused by a failure to utilize specific models which map theory into data-level descriptions. These issues are discussed as they apply to individual differences research and to investigations of cognitive processes, resources, and systems in multiple task performance. Examples and illustrations of these issues are provided.

Retention of Multiple-Task Performance: Age-Related Differences

1996 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 128-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Sit ◽  
Arthur D. Fisk
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Complex Task ◽  
Processing Efficiency ◽  
Work Task ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Strategic Allocation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Multiple Task ◽  
Synthetic Work

This study examined the relationship between retention of both multiple-task performance and the micro-components of a complex task. Young and older adults trained on a synthetic work task (Elsmore, 1994) with both groups acquiring skill in performing the complex task. After a five month retention period, older adults' initial performance on the multiple-task declined significantly more than younger adults. Both groups of adults regained their final trained level of performance after only four 5-minute trials. However, throughout the retention trials older adults only emphasized a single component of the complex task. Young adults successfully allocated attention to all task components. These and other aspects of the data suggest that a major locus of age-related decline in complex task performance is due to differential loss in strategic allocation of attention to component tasks. The data also show how measuring multiple-task performance may underestimate lack of component processing efficiency.

Attention Theory and Training Research

1987 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 648-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
James G. Connelly ◽  
Christopher D. Wickens ◽  
Gavan Lintern ◽  
Kelly Harwood
Keyword(s):  
Mental Workload ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Flight Simulation ◽  
Complex Task ◽  
Time Sharing ◽  
Attention Theory ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
Training Research ◽  
Complex Training ◽  
The Stability

This study used elements of attention theory as a methodological basis to decompose a complex training task in order to improve training efficiency. The complex task was a microcomputer flight simulation where subjects were required to control the stability of their own helicopter while acquiring and engaging enemy helicopters in a threat environment. Subjects were divided into whole-task, part-task, and part/open loop adaptive task groups in a transfer of training paradigm. The effect of reducing mental workload at the early stages of learning was examined with respect to the degree that subordinate elements of the complex task could be automated through practice of consistent, learnable stimulus-response relationships. Results revealed trends suggesting the benefit of isolating consistently mapped sub-tasks for part-task training and the presence of a time-sharing skill over and above the skill required for the separate subtasks.

Helicopter Rotor Blade Flexibility Simulation for Aeroelasticity and Flight Dynamics Applications

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Goulos ◽  
Vassilios Pachidis ◽  
Pericles Pilidis
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Rotor Blade ◽  
Flight Dynamics ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Flight Simulation ◽  
Response Characteristics ◽  
Helicopter Flight ◽  
Finite State ◽  
The Time Domain ◽  
Blade Loads

This paper presents a mathematical model for the simulation of rotor blade flexibility in real-time helicopter flight dynamics applications that also employs sufficient modeling fidelity for prediction of structural blade loads. A matrix/vector-based formulation is developed for the treatment of elastic blade kinematics in the time domain. A novel, second-order-accurate, finite-difference scheme is employed for the approximation of the blade motion derivatives. The proposed method is coupled with a finite-state induced-flow model, a dynamic wake distortion model, and an unsteady blade element aerodynamics model. The integrated approach is deployed to investigate trim controls, stability and control derivatives, nonlinear control response characteristics, and structural blade loads for a hingeless rotor helicopter. It is shown that the developed methodology exhibits modeling accuracy comparable to that of non-real-time comprehensive rotorcraft codes. The proposed method is suitable for real-time flight simulation, with sufficient fidelity for simultaneous prediction of oscillatory blade loads.

scholarly journals Development and Alternate Form Reliability of the Complex Task Performance Assessment (CTPA) for People With Mild Stroke

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 7103190030p1
Author(s):  
Juan Pablo Saa ◽  
Meghan Doherty ◽  
Alexis Young ◽  
Meredith Spiers ◽  
Emily Leary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Complex Task ◽  
Alternate Form ◽  
Mild Stroke ◽  
Alternate Form Reliability ◽  
Complex Task Performance
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