New Methods for Modeling Human-Machine Interaction

1996 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 162-163
Author(s):  
Raymond S. Nickerson
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Mental Models ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
Information Theoretic ◽  
Modeling Methods ◽  
The Third ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Information Theoretic Method ◽  
Machine Interaction

Use of the term mental model has proliferated in the discussion of human-machine interaction. Although it seems clear that humans must depend on mental models when doing problem solving in the domain of complex systems, the literature on the topic presents a confusing variety of perspectives, and there is little empirical evidence of the structure of the models people use or of how they influence human performance. The objectives of this symposium are to (a) provide a taxonomy for mental models and suggest a theory that is intended to unify what appear now to be disparate views, (b) outline an information-theoretic method for determining the structure of complex systems, and (c) describe an application of the theory and method to a process-control simulation. In the first presentation, Moray makes the case for the need for modeling methods that can deal effectively with systems of unusual complexity. In the second, Conant describes such a method. Jamieson, in the third, reports the results of an experiment in which this method was applied.

Interface, Interact, Improvact

2020 ◽  
pp. 57-78
Author(s):  
Kristian Kloeckl
Keyword(s):  
Mental Models ◽  
Interaction Design ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Design Domain ◽  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
Ways Of Thinking ◽  
Machine Interaction ◽  
The Way

This chapter is dedicated to models of human-machine interaction (HCI) that have been influential for the design domain and that form the basis of how we think about designing human-machine interactions today. Digital networked technologies have become increasingly pervasive in today's urban environments. But regardless of the urban dimension, the domains of HCI and interaction design have long examined design approaches that take into account the ways in which humans relate to technologies. Different ways of thinking about the interaction between humans and machines have informed the way we work with technologies. The mental models one adopts when working with technologies contribute not only to how they are viewed but also to how these technologies are shaped in substantial ways.

AF 447 as a Paradigmatic Accident

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Antonio Chialastri
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Cognitive Demands ◽  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Machine Interaction

In this chapter, the author presents a human factors problem for automation: why, when, and how automation has been introduced in the aviation domain; what problems arise from different ways of operating; and the possible countermeasures to limit faulty interaction between humans and machines. This chapter is divided into parts: definition of automation, its advantages in ensuring safety in complex systems such as aviation; reasons for the introduction of on-board automation, with a quick glance at the history of accidents in aviation and the related safety paradigms; ergonomics: displays, tools, human-machine interaction emphasizing the cognitive demands in high tempo and complex flight situations; illustration of the AF 447 case, a crash happened in 2009, which causes are linked to faulty human-machine interaction.

scholarly journals Identify eight aspects of ergonomics to determine the improvement of human-machine interaction work (case studies in manufacturing industry)

2018 ◽  
Vol 218 ◽  
pp. 04018
Author(s):  
Wahyu Susihono ◽  
Tania Anggi Saputri
Keyword(s):  
Work Performance ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Muscle Power ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Variable Effect ◽  
Machine Interaction

Manufacturing Industry is one of the industrial activities in Indonesia, manufacturing industry is an industry with main activities is to change raw materials, components, or other parts into goods which is according to company specifications standards. In the production floor, activity in the manufacturing industry, the workers have different job specifications with each other. Some works consist of human-machine interaction is found by the activity between workers and lathe machine, welding maching, milling machine, frais machine, and others. The manufacturing industry will increase its ability to serve a variety of better quality products caused by the desire or encouragement of the customers. In general, according to the increase of corporate targets, its also need improvement from the aspect of work performance. To obtain a description of the proposed improvement based on human performance, it is necessary to identify the eight aspects of ergonomics include the consumption of nutritionalfor workers (energy), muscle power, body posture, environment, time conditions, social conditions, information conditions, and human machine interaction. This research use cross sectional method approach that is research done at one time, no follw up, to find the correlation between independent variable (risk factor) with dependent variable (effect). The conclusion of this research is needed nutrition intake or nutrition to recover the workers, it is necessary to design facilities such as manufacturing aids to reduce the use of excess muscle or appropriate technology (TTG). After the application of TTG (Appropriate Technology) to reduce the excessive use of muscle to the workers, the company should provide the nutritional intake accordance with workload of employees in the manufacturing industry

AF 447 as a Paradigmatic Accident

2019 ◽  
pp. 166-192
Author(s):  
Antonio Chialastri
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Cognitive Demands ◽  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Machine Interaction

In this chapter, the author presents a human factors problem for automation: why, when, and how automation has been introduced in the aviation domain; what problems arise from different ways of operating; and the possible countermeasures to limit faulty interaction between humans and machines. This chapter is divided into parts: definition of automation, its advantages in ensuring safety in complex systems such as aviation; reasons for the introduction of on-board automation, with a quick glance at the history of accidents in aviation and the related safety paradigms; ergonomics: displays, tools, human-machine interaction emphasizing the cognitive demands in high tempo and complex flight situations; illustration of the AF 447 case, a crash happened in 2009, which causes are linked to faulty human-machine interaction.

Adaptive Robust Cascade Force Control of 1-DOF Joint Exoskeleton for Human Performance Augmentation

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Chen ◽  
Bin Yao ◽  
Zheng Chen ◽  
Xiaocong Zhu ◽  
Shiqiang Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Force Control ◽  
Motion Tracking ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Interaction Force ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Adaptive Robust Control ◽  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
High Level ◽  
Machine Interaction

The control objective of exoskeleton for human performance augmentation is to minimize the human machine interaction force while carrying external loads and following human motion. This paper addresses the dynamics and the interaction force control of a 1-DOF hydraulically actuated joint exoskeleton. A spring with unknown stiffness is used to model the human-machine interface. A cascade force control method is adopted with high-level controller generating the reference position command while low level controller doing motion tracking. Adaptive robust control (ARC) algorithm is developed for both two controllers to deal with the effect of parametric uncertainties and uncertain nonlinearities of the system. The proposed adaptive robust cascade force controller can achieve small human-machine interaction force and good robust performance to model uncertainty which have been validated by experiment.

On Developing Theory-Based Functions to Moderate Human Performance Models in the Context of Systems Analysis

1989 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Boettcher ◽  
Robert North ◽  
Victor Riley
Keyword(s):  
Systems Analysis ◽  
Decision Aid ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Resource Theory ◽  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
Assessment Technique ◽  
Interaction Dynamics ◽  
Multiple Resource Theory ◽  
Multiple Resource ◽  
Machine Interaction

Preliminary work is described toward the development of moderator functions for systems analysis that reflect human behavioral limitations and tendencies. In particular, a model of human-machine interaction dynamics in complex systems is introduced to give a moderating influence on overall operator/decision aid performance. A key input to this model is the operator's current workload. To further ground the moderator function in human behavioral considerations, a multiple resource theory-based workload assessment technique is used to provide this input.

scholarly journals Human social motor solutions for human–machine interaction in dynamical task contexts

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 1437-1446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Nalepka ◽  
Maurice Lamb ◽  
Rachel W. Kallen ◽  
Kevin Shockley ◽  
Anthony Chemero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Performance ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Artificial Agent ◽  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
Multiagent Coordination ◽  
Agent Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Dynamics ◽  
Social Encounters ◽  
Health Sport ◽  
Machine Interaction

Multiagent activity is commonplace in everyday life and can improve the behavioral efficiency of task performance and learning. Thus, augmenting social contexts with the use of interactive virtual and robotic agents is of great interest across health, sport, and industry domains. However, the effectiveness of human–machine interaction (HMI) to effectively train humans for future social encounters depends on the ability of artificial agents to respond to human coactors in a natural, human-like manner. One way to achieve effective HMI is by developing dynamical models utilizing dynamical motor primitives (DMPs) of human multiagent coordination that not only capture the behavioral dynamics of successful human performance but also, provide a tractable control architecture for computerized agents. Previous research has demonstrated how DMPs can successfully capture human-like dynamics of simple nonsocial, single-actor movements. However, it is unclear whether DMPs can be used to model more complex multiagent task scenarios. This study tested this human-centered approach to HMI using a complex dyadic shepherding task, in which pairs of coacting agents had to work together to corral and contain small herds of virtual sheep. Human–human and human–artificial agent dyads were tested across two different task contexts. The results revealed (i) that the performance of human–human dyads was equivalent to those composed of a human and the artificial agent and (ii) that, using a “Turing-like” methodology, most participants in the HMI condition were unaware that they were working alongside an artificial agent, further validating the isomorphism of human and artificial agent behavior.

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