Denervation Resulting in Dento-Alveolar Ankylosis Associated with Decreased Malassez Epithelium

2004 ◽  
Vol 83 (8) ◽  
pp. 625-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Fujiyama ◽  
T. Yamashiro ◽  
T. Fukunaga ◽  
T.A. Balam ◽  
L. Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Resorption ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Sensory Innervation ◽  
Epithelial Rests Of Malassez ◽  
Space Width ◽  
Acellular Cementum

Inferior alveolar nerve denervation causes appreciable decreases in the distribution of epithelial rests of Malassez. To explore roles of the Malassez epithelium, we attempted to evaluate possible changes in dento-alveolar tissues surrounding this epithelium by experimental denervation. We found that denervation led to dento-alveolar ankylosis with a decrease in the width of the periodontal spaces. Interestingly, with regeneration of the Malassez epithelium 10 weeks after the denervation, the periodontal space width showed a correspondingly significant increase. These findings suggest that the Malassez epithelium may be involved in the maintenance of periodontal space and that sensory innervation might be indirectly associated with it. In addition, it is of interest that denervation activated root resorption of the coronal root surface and that the consequently resorbed lacunae were repaired by cellular cementum. It is suggested that Malassez epithelium may negatively regulate root resorption and induce acellular cementum formation.

scholarly journals Accuracy of cone-beam computed tomography in defining spatial relationships between third molar roots and inferior alveolar nerve

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (04) ◽  
pp. 454-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Pippi ◽  
Marcello Santoro ◽  
Ferdinando D'Ambrosio
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Root Morphology ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Spatial Relationships ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
The Third

ABSTRACT Objective: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) has been proposed in surgical planning of lower third molar extraction. The aim of the present study was to assess the reliability of CBCT in defining third molar root morphology and its spatial relationships with the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN). Materials and Methods: Intraoperative and radiographic variables of 74 lower third molars were retrospectively analyzed. Intraoperative variables included IAN exposure, number of roots, root morphology of extracted third molars, and presence/absence of IAN impression on the root surface. Radiographic variables included presence/absence of the cortex separating IAN from the third molar roots on CBCT examination, number of roots and root morphology on both orthopantomography (OPG) and CBCT. The statistical association between variables was evaluated using the Fisher's exact test. Results: In all cases of intraoperative IAN exposure, the cortex appeared discontinuous on CBCT images. All cases, in which the cortical bone was continuous on CBCT images, showed no association with nerve exposure. In all cases in which nerve impression was identified on the root surface, the IAN cortex showed interruptions on CBCT images. No nerve impression was identified in any of the cases, in which the cortex appeared continuous on CBCT images. CBCT also highlighted accessory roots and apical anomalies/curvatures, not visible on the OPG. Conclusions: CBCT seems to provide reliable and accurate information about the third molar root morphology and its relationship with the IAN.

Root surface microcracks induced by orthodontic force as a potential primary indicator of root resorption

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 109938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengzhao Xiao ◽  
Linhao Li ◽  
Lizhen Wang ◽  
Yawei Wang ◽  
Mingzheng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Resorption ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Orthodontic Force

scholarly journals Preapplication of Orthodontic Forces to the Donor Teeth Affects Periodontal Healing of Transplanted Teeth

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuke Suzaki ◽  
Yoshiro Matsumoto ◽  
Zuisei Kanno ◽  
Kunimichi Soma
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Orthodontic Force ◽  
Control Side ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Experimental Side ◽  
Orthodontic Forces ◽  
Periodontal Healing

Abstract Objective: To investigate how the preapplication of orthodontic forces to the donor teeth affects the periodontal healing after transplantation. Materials and Methods: The orthodontic force (1.5 cN) was applied to the maxillary right molars of 6-week-old male Spraque-Dawley rats (n = 21) in the experimental side, and the left side of the same animals was used as the control. After 7 days, both right and left maxillary second molars were extracted or replanted. Periodontal conditions were evaluated in the histological specimens 7 days after applying orthodontic force (before and after extraction) and 14 days after replantation. Results: The application of orthodontic force for 7 days significantly increased the periodontal ligament (PDL) space and also the width of the alveolar socket, which resulted in a rich attached PDL to the root surface of the extracted teeth. Significantly more root resorption was also detected in the control side without preapplication of orthodontic force 14 days after replantation. This root resorption might involve in the disruption of the PDL. Conclusion: These results suggested that the preapplication of orthodontic force to the donor teeth increased the PDL width and eased the extraction, which might decrease root resorption after replantation.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of alveolodental ankylosis in unerupted canines: one of the answers to why the canine does not come

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Alberto Consolaro ◽  
Omar Hadaya ◽  
Mauricio de Almeida Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Occlusal Plane ◽  
Impacted Teeth ◽  
Regular Shape ◽  
Epithelial Rests Of Malassez ◽  
Time Point

ABSTRACT Introduction: Teeth frequently fail to erupt and situations arise that prevent the canines from reaching the occlusal plane. Objective: Discourse about the three situations in which the canine does not reach the occlusal plane, and remains unerupted; and at the same time, point how to make a safe diagnosis of alveolodental ankylosis - one of the three causes -, based on tomography. Conclusions: Ankylosis occurs in impacted teeth by atrophy of the periodontal ligament, including the epithelial rests of Malassez. The tomographic signs of alveolodental ankylosis in unerupted canines are the interruption of hypodense periodontal space, discontinuity of the lamina dura and its continuity with the root surface, which gradually loses its regular shape.

Application of High-Frequency Conduction for Persistent Apical Periodontitis: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshihiko Tominaga ◽  
◽  
Eiichiro Tada ◽  
Kazuki Takahira ◽  
Tsutomu Sugaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Apical Periodontitis ◽  
Root Canal Filling ◽  
Tissue Inflammation ◽  
External Root Resorption ◽  
Ultrasonic Irrigation

We report the case of a 39-year-old male with Persistent Apical Periodontitis (PAP) caused by infection in an uninstrumented area, wherein conventional chemical root canal treatment is not possible, which was sterilized via highfrequency conduction. He underwent root canal filling after multiple endodontic treatments for tooth #4. As symptoms recurred, he was referred to our department with the chief complaint of dull pain during mastication. Present symptoms were percussion pain of the tooth, buccal mucosa swelling at the apical portion, and grade 1 mobility. Radiography revealed inadequate root canal filling. A radiolucent image 5×6 mm in diameter and with an unclear boundary was observed around the apex. External root resorption was mainly observed in the apical foramen, with a crown root ratio of approximately 1:1. Using 6% sodium hypochlorite under dental microscopy, chemomechanical root canal preparation was performed. Passive ultrasonic irrigation and calcium hydroxide application were conducted three times; however, periapical tissue inflammation did not subside. Therefore, the patient was diagnosed with PAP, and the uninstrumented area was sterilized via high-frequency conduction. High-frequency currents were applied to the apex, root surface, and periapical lesion at 500 kHz and 90 V; periapical tissue inflammation resolved after 2 weeks. Subsequently, the root canal was filled. Follow-up radiography revealed a bone regeneration-like image at 2 months. Bone defects healed at 11 months. Although surgical endodontic therapy is conventionally performed in PAP patients, high-frequency conduction could be a minimally invasive nonsurgical endodontic treatment option for uninstrumented areas in PAP patients.

scholarly journals Regional Aggressive Root Resorption Caused by Neuronal Virus Infection

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inger Kjær ◽  
Carsten Strøm ◽  
Nils Worsaae
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Whooping Cough ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
The Other ◽  
Virus Diseases ◽  
Virus Spreading

During orthodontic treatment, root resorption can occur unexplainably. No clear distinction has been made between resorption located within specific regions and resorption occurring generally in the dentition. The purpose is to present cases with idiopathic (of unknown origin) root resorption occurring regionally. Two cases of female patients, 26 and 28 years old, referred with aggressive root resorption were investigated clinically and radiographically. Anamnestic information revealed severe virus diseases during childhood, meningitis in one case and whooping cough in the other. One of the patients was treated with dental implants. Virus spreading along nerve paths is a possible explanation for the unexpected resorptions. In both cases, the resorptions began cervically. The extent of the resorption processes in the dentition followed the virus infected nerve paths and the resorption process stopped when reaching regions that were innervated differently and not infected by virus. In one case, histological examination revealed multinuclear dentinoclasts. The pattern of resorption in the two cases indicates that innervation is a factor, which under normal conditions may protect the root surface against resorption. Therefore, the normal nerve pattern is important for diagnostics and for predicting the course of severe unexpected root resorption.

scholarly journals Prevention of root resorption in hypofunctional teeth by occlusal function recovery

2015 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-220
Author(s):  
Akiko Hayashi ◽  
Hidetaka Hayashi ◽  
Toshitsugu Kawata
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Function Recovery ◽  
Bite Plate ◽  
Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Macrophage Colony ◽  
Recovery Groups

ABSTRACT Objective:  To clarify whether occlusal hypofunction is one of the key determinants for root resorption during tooth movement and root resorption is prevented by its recovery. Materials and Methods:  The rats were randomly divided into one control and two experimental groups: hypofunctional and recovery groups. In the hypofunctional group, an anterior metal cap and bite plate were attached to the maxillary and mandibular incisors to simulate occlusal hypofunction. In the recovery group, the appliances were removed 7 weeks after their use, and the rats were allowed to bite for 4 weeks after removal. At the age of 16 weeks, the upper first molars were moved and after 0, 7, 14, and 21 days, the maxillae were resected. The resorption area was quantified morphohistologically and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive cells on the root surface were counted. We also examined the expressions of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF), and interleukin (IL)-8 immunohistochemically. Results:  The amount of root resorption and the number of TRAP-positive cells were significantly greater in the hypofunctional group than in the control and recovery groups. Moreover, immunoreactivity for RANKL, M-CSF, and IL-8 was detected in the periodontal ligament and on the root surface in the hypofunctional group. Conclusion:  Occlusal hypofunction is one of the critical factors for root resorption; however, root resorption may be prevented by recovery of occlusal function. (Angle Orthod. 0000;0:1–8.)

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Lingual Canals of Mandible in Cone Beam Computed Tomography

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 4105-4111
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Mandibular Canal ◽  
Sensory Innervation ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Cortical Plate ◽  
Incisive Canal ◽  
Mandibular Body ◽  
Mylohyoid Nerve ◽  
Lingual Canal

This study aims to assess the frequency of the lingual foramina and canals relative to their location on the mandibular cortical plate and also to closely inspect the course of the lingual canals inside the mandibular body using 3D reconstruction of the evaluated area. A retrospective study was conducted with 55 cone bean computed tomography (CBCT) scans in order to analyze the location, number, course and anastomosing pattern of the lingual canals. A total number of 165 lingual canals (LCs) were recorded from 55 patients, as follows: 94 median (MLC), 16 paramedian (PLC) and 55 lateral lingual canals (LLC). MLCs were a constant finding in all 55 patients (100% of the cases), PLCs were present in 15 patients (27.3% of the cases), and LLCs were identified in 35 patients (63.3% of the cases). The anastomosing pattern of the MLC, in which a supraspinous canal anastomosed with an infraspinous canal, was found in 10.9% of the cases (6 of 55 patients),. The LLCs were anastomosed with the mandibular incisive canal (MIC) in 56.3% of the cases (31 of 55 LLCs) and with the mandibular canal (MC) in 3.6% of the cases (2 of 55 LLCs). CBCT revealed itself to be a reliable tool for evaluating the intramandibular topography of the LCs. The anastomosing pattern of the lingual canals might raise the question whether the LCs could be responsible for incomplete anesthesia after conventional mandibular block by carrying sensory innervation from the mylohyoid nerve to the inferior alveolar nerve. Keywords: mandible, lingual canal, intramandibular anastomosis, CBCT

scholarly journals The Effect of Sensory Innervation on the Inorganic Component of Bones and Teeth; Experimental Denervation – Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 119 (4) ◽  
pp. 137-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivo Němec ◽  
Václav Smrčka ◽  
Jaroslav Pokorný
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Sensory Innervation ◽  
Tooth Pulp ◽  
Autonomic Nerves ◽  
Inorganic Component

The effect of the nervous system on bone remodelling has been described by many studies. Sensory and autonomic nerves are present in the bone. Immunohistochemical analysis of the bone have indicated the presence of neuropeptides and neurotransmitters that act on bone cells through receptors. Besides carrying sensory information, sensory neurons produce various neuropeptides playing an important role in maintaining bone and tooth pulp homeostasis, and dentin formation. Bone tissue and teeth contain organic and inorganic components. Bone cells enable bone mineralization and ensure its formation and resorption. Studies focused on the effects of the nervous system on the bone are proceeded using various ways. Sensory denervation itself can be achieved using capsaicin causing chemical lesion to the nerve. Surgical ways of causing only sensory lesion to nerves are substantially limited because many peripheral nerves are mixed and contain a motor component as well. From this point of view, the experimental model with transection of inferior alveolar nerve is appropriate. This nerve provides sensory innervation of the bone and teeth of the mandible. The purpose of our paper is to provide an overview of the effects exerted by the nervous system on the inorganic component of the bone and teeth, and also to present an overview of the used experimental models. As we assume, the transection of inferior alveolar nerve could be reflected in changed contents and distribution of chemical elements in the bone and teeth of rat mandible. This issue has not been studied so far.

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