scholarly journals Merkel Cell Carcinoma of the Hand

Hand ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. NP24-NP29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donevan R. Westerveld ◽  
David J. Hall ◽  
Winston T. Richards
Keyword(s):  
Local Recurrence ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Multidisciplinary Treatment ◽  
Proximal Phalanx ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Adjuvant Radiation ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
High Incidence

Background: Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a relatively rare and aggressive cutaneous neuroendocrine malignancy characterized by high incidence of local recurrence, distant metastases, regional nodal metastases, and high mortality. Clinically, MCC presents as a persistent asymptomatic red/pink shaped nodule, usually smaller than 2 cm with nontender intracutaneous swelling, with rapidly growing localized disease with lymph node metastases preceding distant metastases. Because of its rare nature and the lack of comprehensive understanding of the disease, management of MCC has been controversial. Methods: An 87-year-old retired Caucasian male with a history of tobacco use, chronic sun exposure, and multiple squamous and basal cell carcinomas presented with a 1.8 × 1.3 cm red, nontender nodule on the dorsum of the proximal phalanx of the left long finger first noticed 6 months prior to presentation. Biopsy was consistent with MCC after which he was treated with wide local excision, full-thickness skin grafting, and sentinel lymphadenectomy (1/4 nodes positive) followed by adjuvant radiation therapy. Results: He recovered appropriately and was clinically and radiographically disease free at 2.5-year follow-up. Conclusion: Although it remains rare, MCC has increased in incidence over the last several decades and has a predilection to occur over sun exposed areas. Highly aggressive, it has a high incidence of regional and distant metastasis as well as local recurrence. As a result, it is important that practitioners involved in the care of skin and hand lesions be aware of this condition and the need for a multidisciplinary treatment approach.

scholarly journals Merkel Cell Carcinoma of the Axilla and Adrenal Gland: A Case Report with Imaging and Pathologic Findings

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo Heui Baek ◽  
Hyun Kyung Jung ◽  
WooGyeong Kim ◽  
Suk Jung Kim ◽  
Hye Jin Baek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Distant Metastasis ◽  
Adjuvant Radiation ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Axillary Mass

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and aggressive neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin. MCC is characterized by a high incidence of locoregional recurrence, and distant metastasis, and often requires short-term follow-up after treatment. In this present paper, we describe a rare case of MCC, which presented as a palpable axillary mass and an incidental adrenal mass, and report on the ultrasonography, computed tomography, and18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography findings. The patient underwent surgery and adjuvant radiation therapy. Seven months after the initial diagnosis, distant metastasis was detected during a follow-up examination.

scholarly journals Merkel Cell Carcinoma: Recent Progress and Current Priorities on Etiology, Pathogenesis, and Clinical Management

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (24) ◽  
pp. 4021-4026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Clinical Management ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
T Antigen ◽  
Neuroendocrine Cells ◽  
Human Polyomavirus ◽  
Adjuvant Radiation ◽  
Cytokeratin 20 ◽  
Merkel Cell

Purpose To expedite improved understanding, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), a rare malignancy of cutaneous neuroendocrine cells that has a 28% 2-year mortality rate. Methods This article summarizes a workshop that discussed the state-of-the-art research and priorities for research on MCC and on a new human polyomavirus (ie, MCPyV) recently discovered in 80% of MCC tumors. Results Normal Merkel cells are widely distributed in the epidermis near the end of nerve axons and may function as mechanoreceptors or chemoreceptors. Malignant MCC cells typically stain for cytokeratin 20 as well as for other epithelial and neuroendocrine markers. MCC subtypes, which are based on histology, on cell line growth properties, and on gene expression profiles, have been reported but have not been linked to prognosis. Clinical management has been empiric. MCPyV is clonally integrated at various sites in the human genome of MCC tumors, with truncating mutations in the viral, large T antigen gene that interrupt viral replication. MCPyV seroprevalence may be high, as with previously known human polyomaviruses. MCC risk is increased 11-fold with AIDS and with other cell-mediated immune deficiencies, B-cell neoplasms, and ultraviolet radiation exposure. Conclusion Development and validation of a range quantitative polymerase chain reaction and serologic assays for detection of MCPyV, as well as an infectious clone of the virus, would clarify the fundamental biology, natural history, and epidemiology of the virus, of MCC, and of other diseases. Contingent on standardized histologic diagnosis and staging of MCC, consortia are needed to clarify the risks and benefits of sentinel lymph node biopsy, adjuvant radiation therapy, and salvage therapies; consortia are needed also for epidemiologic studies of MCC etiology.

Frequency and prognosis of metastasis to liver, lung, bone and brain from Merkel cell carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (16) ◽  
pp. 1101-1113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Jun Xia ◽  
Dong-Sheng Cao ◽  
Jun Zhao ◽  
Bang-Zhong Zhu ◽  
Juan Xie
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Distant Metastasis ◽  
Regional Lymph Node ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Lymph Node Biopsy ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Node Removal

Aim: To describe the factors affecting distant metastasis of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) and the prognosis of metastatic MCC. Materials & methods: The MCC patient information was downloaded from the SEER database. Logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard models were conducted to screen for significant factors. Results: A total of 3449 patients were enrolled. Surgery and chemotherapy were significantly correlated with the occurrence of distant metastasis. In the cause-specific survival rate of MCC, regional lymph node removal, sentinel lymph node biopsy, radiation and chemotherapy can significantly reduce the prognostic risk of patients with distant metastases. Conclusion: Our study screened out the factors affecting the distant metastasis and prognosis of MCC and more prospective studies are needed to verify our findings.

scholarly journals Regionally Metastatic Merkel Cell Carcinoma Associated with Paraneoplastic Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate Receptor Encephalitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Sophia Z. Shalhout ◽  
Kevin S. Emerick ◽  
Peter M. Sadow ◽  
Jenny J. Linnoila ◽  
David M. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Paraneoplastic Encephalitis ◽  
Aspartate Receptor

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and aggressive cutaneous neuroendocrine cancer with a high risk of recurrence and metastasis. MCC is generally associated with advanced age, fair skin, sun exposure, immunosuppression, and in the majority of cases, the Merkel cell polyomavirus. Neuroendocrine malignancies are associated with a variety of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS), characterized as autoimmune responses to malignancy-associated expression of neural antigens. Our literature review underscores previous case reports of MCC-associated PNS with voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC) and anti-Hu (or ANNA-1) autoantibodies. We present the case of a 59-year-old male with regionally metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma complicated by the paraneoplastic manifestation of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis. His primary lower neck subcutaneous MCC and metastasis were initially treated with surgery. Additional recurrent lymph node metastases were successfully treated with definitive intensity-modulated radiation therapy. His PNS improved with rituximab therapy. Although rare, this case highlights that in the setting of seizures and prominent psychiatric symptoms accompanying an MCC diagnosis, evaluation for autoimmune paraneoplastic encephalitis is warranted. Awareness and detection of preexisting PNS are crucial in the era of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) for advanced MCC, where treatment with ICI has the potential to exacerbate preexisting autoimmune PNS and lead to worsened or even lethal neurologic immune-related adverse events (nirAEs).

Merkel cell carcinoma of unknown primary site

2007 ◽  
Vol 121 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Nazarian ◽  
B Shalmon ◽  
Z Horowitz ◽  
L Bedrin ◽  
M R Pfeffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Merkel Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Primary Site ◽  
Unknown Primary ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Unknown Primary Site ◽  
Carcinoma Of Unknown Primary ◽  
Skin Malignancy

Merkel cell carcinoma is an uncommon and aggressive primary neuroendocrine skin malignancy which mostly affects the extremities and the head and neck region of elderly patients. Merkel cell carcinoma occurs with increased frequency in sun-exposed areas, in individuals exposed to arsenic and in immunosuppressed patients. Many patients with Merkel cell carcinoma present with other malignancies, mainly skin cancers. Characteristic features are frequent recurrences and regional and distant metastases. Mortality rates range from 20 to 65 per cent. The mainstay of treatment is surgery, with wide local excision, and adjuvant radiotherapy is usually administered. Merkel cell carcinoma of unknown primary site is rare, and the majority of the few cases described have not been from head and neck areas. We present a case of Merkel cell carcinoma of unknown primary site, with upper neck and distant metastases.

scholarly journals Merkel Cell Carcinoma: Single Institution Outcomes with Adjuvant Radiation Therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. E47-E48
Author(s):  
Praveen Pendyala ◽  
John Byun ◽  
Sharad Goyal ◽  
James Goydos ◽  
Ann W. Silk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Adjuvant Radiation ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
Adjuvant Radiation Therapy

Benefit of chemotherapy (CT) in patients (pts) with Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) with distant metastases (mets) and visceral organ involvement.

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e21000-e21000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angeline J. Sabol ◽  
Svetomir Markovic ◽  
Clark Otley ◽  
Katharine Andress Rowe Price
Keyword(s):  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Merkel Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Organ Involvement ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Visceral Organ
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