scholarly journals The Alleged Crisis and the Illusion of Exact Replication

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Stroebe ◽  
Fritz Strack
Keyword(s):  
Exact Replication

Epilogue

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayelet Shavit
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Branch Point ◽  
Wrong Decision ◽  
The Right ◽  
Exact Replication

This epilogue provides a practical flowchart for interpreting the best practices for replication. Taking the specific actions shown in the flowchart will help researchers to bridge, albeit not completely and permanently close, the gaps inherent in replication. At each branch point, making the “wrong” decision—for example, ignoring (that is, not recording) or conflating (that is, not recording separately) the relevant details—closes the door to replication. Making the “right” decision, however, at best only clarifies and quantifies how much further away we remain from exact replication. Either way, the hubris implicit in any attempt to perfectly replicate a project is fated to fail.

On the roles of repetition in language teaching and learning

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Larsen-Freeman,
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Complexity Theory ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
The World ◽  
Mutable State ◽  
Exact Replication ◽  
Language Teaching And Learning

AbstractRepetition is common in language use. Similarly, having students repeat is a common practice in language teaching. After surveying some of the better known contributions of repetition to language learning, I propose an innovative role for repetition from the perspective of complexity theory. I argue that we should not think of repetition as exact replication, but rather we should think of it as iteration that generates variation. Thus, what results from iteration is a mutable state. Iteration is one way that we create options in how to make meaning, position ourselves in the world as we want, understand the differences which we encounter in others, and adapt to a changing context.

Originality in Free and Controlled Association Responses

1963 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 923-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard F. Gallup
Keyword(s):  
Vocabulary Test ◽  
Main Design ◽  
The Third ◽  
Exact Replication

Three experiments were carried out in an attempt to replicate the training in originality reported by Maltzman and his colleagues. The first experiment showed that Maltzman's two lists of words were not comparable in their elicitation of original responses, and that all Ss showed an increase in originality from a first list to a second list. The second experiment required Ss to produce different responses each time through a training list without specifically asking them to be different. All Ss were more original on a second list than on the first, whether they were trained, worked on arithmetic problems, or worked on a vocabulary test between trials. The third experiment was an exact replication of Maltzman's main design, with the addition of interpolated arithmetic or vocabulary tests. Again, all Ss showed more originality on the second list, regardless of how they spent the time between trials. It is concluded that originality training as defined by Maltzman has not been demonstrated here.

Replication and extension of Little et al.'s (2003) forms and functions of aggression measure

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 238-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula J. Fite ◽  
Kirstin Stauffacher ◽  
Jamie M. Ostrov ◽  
Craig R. Colder
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Original Model ◽  
Modified Model ◽  
American Sample ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Exact Replication

The goal of the current study was to replicate the confirmatory factor analysis of Little et al.'s (2003) aggression measure in an American sample of 69 children (mean age = 12.93 years; SD = 1.27). Although an exact replication of the original model could not be estimated given the small sample, a modified model representing a conceptual replication provided a good fit to the data. Findings suggest that this child self-reported aggression measure can be used with American samples to distinguish four domains of aggressive behavior (relational, overt, instrumental, and reactive).

scholarly journals Chemical patterns of colony membership and mother-offspring similarity in Antarctic fur seals are reproducible

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e10131
Author(s):  
Jonas Tebbe ◽  
Emily Humble ◽  
Martin Adam Stoffel ◽  
Lisa Johanna Tewes ◽  
Caroline Müller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Power ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Chemical Data ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Replication Studies ◽  
Fur Seals ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Antarctic Fur Seals ◽  
Exact Replication

Replication studies are essential for evaluating the validity of previous research findings. However, it has proven challenging to reproduce the results of ecological and evolutionary studies, partly because of the complexity and lability of many of the phenomena being investigated, but also due to small sample sizes, low statistical power and publication bias. Additionally, replication is often considered too difficult in field settings where many factors are beyond the investigator’s control and where spatial and temporal dependencies may be strong. We investigated the feasibility of reproducing original research findings in the field of chemical ecology by performing an exact replication of a previous study of Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella). In the original study, skin swabs from 41 mother-offspring pairs from two adjacent breeding colonies on Bird Island, South Georgia, were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Seals from the two colonies differed significantly in their chemical fingerprints, suggesting that colony membership may be chemically encoded, and mothers were also chemically similar to their pups, hinting at the possible involvement of phenotype matching in mother-offspring recognition. In the current study, we generated and analyzed chemical data from a non-overlapping sample of 50 mother-offspring pairs from the same two colonies 5 years later. The original results were corroborated in both hypothesis testing and estimation contexts, with p-values remaining highly significant and effect sizes, standardized between studies by bootstrapping the chemical data over individuals, being of comparable magnitude. However, exact replication studies are only capable of showing whether a given effect can be replicated in a specific setting. We therefore investigated whether chemical signatures are colony-specific in general by expanding the geographic coverage of our study to include pups from a total of six colonies around Bird Island. We detected significant chemical differences in all but a handful of pairwise comparisons between colonies. This finding adds weight to our original conclusion that colony membership is chemically encoded, and suggests that chemical patterns of colony membership not only persist over time but can also be generalized over space. Our study systematically confirms and extends our previous findings, while also implying more broadly that spatial and temporal heterogeneity need not necessarily negate the reproduction and generalization of ecological research findings.

Attachment security in preschoolers with and without externalizing behavior problems: A replication

1991 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark T. Greenberg ◽  
Matthew L. Speltz ◽  
Michelle DeKlyen ◽  
Marya C. Endriga
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Externalizing Behavior ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Developmental Psychopathology ◽  
Externalizing Disorders ◽  
Externalizing Behavior Problems ◽  
Insecure Attachment ◽  
Methodological Rigor ◽  
Attachment Research ◽  
Exact Replication

AbstractThis study attempted to replicate previous findings that indicated that preschool-aged children with significant externalizing problems are more likely to have insecure attachment relations than nonproblem peers (Speltz, Greenberg, & DeKlyen, 1990). Fifty children (ages 3–6) and their mothers participated; 25 referred to a child psychiatry clinic for one of the DSM-IIIR Disruptive Behavior Disorders, and 25 matched comparisons without externalizing behavior problems. Attachment was measured at the time of referral using two separation and reunion sequences in a clinic context. We found that 80% of the clinic-referred children were classified as insecure, whereas only 28% of the comparisons were so classified (p <.001). Further, a high percentage of clinic insecure children showed a controlling pattern of attachment. Thus, the present study, with improved methodological rigor, provided an almost exact replication to previous results. The discussion focuses on what contribution attachment research can provide to a developmental psychopathology perspective on early externalizing disorders.

scholarly journals Exact replication: Foundation of science or game of chance?

PLoS Biology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. e3000188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie K. Piper ◽  
Ulrike Grittner ◽  
Andre Rex ◽  
Nico Riedel ◽  
Felix Fischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exact Replication

Hemispheric Competence and Perceptual Confusability

1983 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 589-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justine Sergent
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Opposite Direction ◽  
Present Experiment ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Left Visual Field ◽  
Previous Experiment ◽  
Right Visual Field ◽  
Methodological Procedures ◽  
Visual Field Superiority ◽  
Exact Replication

Hemispheric competence in performing easy and difficult letter classification was examined in an exact replication of a previous experiment by Jonides (1979). The present experiment failed to confirm Jonides's finding of right visual field advantage in conditions of perceptual confusability and left visual field superiority when the stimuli were easily discriminable. The results showed a trend in the opposite direction, but no significant interaction. This divergence is discussed with respect to existing evidence and methodological procedures.

Exact Replication of Biological Structures by Chemical Vapor Deposition of Silica

2003 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 557-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Cook ◽  
Peter L. Timms ◽  
Christine Göltner-Spickermann
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Vapor Deposition ◽  
Vapor Deposition ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Biological Structures ◽  
Exact Replication

Exact Replication in The Visual Arts

1979 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-158
Author(s):  
M. PABST BATTIN
Keyword(s):  
Visual Arts ◽  
Exact Replication
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