scholarly journals Does speed of recognition predict two-alternative forced-choice performance? Replicating and extending Starns, Dubé, and Frelinger (2018)

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-134
Author(s):  
Anne Voormann ◽  
Annelie Rothe-Wulf ◽  
Jeffrey J Starns ◽  
Karl Christoph Klauer
Keyword(s):  
Error Correction ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Item Recognition ◽  
Forced Choice ◽  
Single Item ◽  
Item Recognition Task ◽  
Simple Error ◽  
Speed Effect ◽  
Recognition Errors ◽  
Previous Error

Does the speed of single-item recognition errors predict performance in subsequent two-alternative forced-choice (2AFC) trials that include an item with a previous error response? Starns, Dubé, and Frelinger found effects of this kind in two experiments and accounted for them in terms of continuous memory-strength signal guiding recognition decisions. However, the effects of error speed might just as well only reflect an artefact due to an error-correction strategy that uses response latency as a heuristic cue to guide 2AFC responses, elicited through confounding factors in their experimental design such as error-correction instructions and feedback. Using two conditions, a replication condition, replicating the procedure from Starns et al., and an extension condition (each n = 130), controlling for the named shortcomings, we replicated the error speed effect. In both conditions, speed of errors in a single-item recognition task was predictive of subsequent 2AFC performance, including the respective error item. To be more precise, fast errors were associated with decreased 2AFC performance. As there was no interaction with the factor condition, the results support the idea that speed of single-item recognition responses reflects the amount of memory information underlying the respective response rather than being used for a simple error-correction strategy to improve 2AFC performance.

Correlations among Measures of Performance on Sternberg's Item-Recognition Task

1994 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 891-897
Author(s):  
Don Diener
Keyword(s):  
Response Latency ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Item Recognition ◽  
Response Criterion ◽  
Set Size ◽  
Low Correlation ◽  
Item Recognition Task ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Measures Of Performance

Examination of the correlations among measures of performance on Sternberg's item-recognition task by 136 students showed a low correlation of. 38 between the slopes of the functions relating response latency to set size for positive and negative responses. The correlation between the mean latency of positive and negative responses was substantially higher (r =. 91) than that of the slopes. The low correlation between the slopes suggests a mechanism such as an adjustable response criterion that results in a tradeoff between response latency on positive and negative trials.

Methodological considerations in estimating speed of cognitive operations

1995 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
James T. Becker ◽  
Rocco Caldararo ◽  
Alan D. Baddeley ◽  
Mary Amanda Dew ◽  
William C. Heindel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Memory Task ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Item Recognition ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Item Recognition Task ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Methodological Considerations

AbstractIndividuals infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and having cognitive impairment have been described as having slow mentation. Data supporting this proposition come from a variety of sources, including Sternberg's (1966) item recognition memory task. The procedure nominally provides an index of speed of mental operations, independent from input/output demands. However, since the original use of this procedure in the 1960s, advances in cognitive psychology have revealed many of its limitations. The purpose of the present study was to examine the psychometric characteristics of this task. Each participant performed the Sternberg item recognition task twice, 6 mo apart. The stability of the estimate of the slope of regression equations and for zero intercept ranged from excellent (r = .87) to poor (r = .30), and the data from many individual subjects could not be reliably modelled using multiple linear regression techniques. These data, as well as those from previous research, demonstrate the limited practical use of this task in clinical samples. Furthermore, as cognitive psychological theory has advanced in the past 30 yr, the conceptual underpinnings of the procedure have essentially evaporated. (JINS, 1995, 1, 3–9).

The Effects of Subsidiary Tasks on Memory Retrieval from Long and Short Lists

1978 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Okada ◽  
David Burrows
Keyword(s):  
Memory Retrieval ◽  
Good Description ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Item Recognition ◽  
Steep Slope ◽  
Immediate Memory ◽  
Set Size ◽  
Item Recognition Task ◽  
Slope Difference ◽  
The Difference

Burrows and Okada (1975) found that reaction time in an item recognition task was a monotonic but non-linear function of memory set size when set size varied from two to 20. A bilinear function with a steep slope for short lists and a shallow slope for long lists provided a good description of the data. Two experiments were conducted to determine whether the difference in slope between long and short lists arises from the extra attention devoted to, or rehearsal of, items within the span of immediate memory. Rehearsal of a prememorized list was discouraged by including a counting backwards task (Experiment I) or by presenting a second list of items that required processing (Experiment II). In neither experiment did the subsidiary task reduce the slope difference. It would appear that the slope difference is not a result of rehearsal of subspan lists.

Nonlinear Regression of Functional MRI Data: An Item Recognition Task Study

NeuroImage ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Kruggel ◽  
S. Zysset ◽  
D.Y. von Cramon
Keyword(s):  
Functional Mri ◽  
Nonlinear Regression ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Item Recognition ◽  
Item Recognition Task

scholarly journals Age-related changes in brain activation during a delayed item recognition task

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 784-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Zarahn ◽  
Brian Rakitin ◽  
Diane Abela ◽  
Joseph Flynn ◽  
Yaakov Stern
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Task ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Item Recognition ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Item Recognition Task ◽  
Age Related Changes

Picture Recognition Errors in the Differential Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-168
Author(s):  
Helmut Hildebrandt ◽  
Jana Schill ◽  
Jana Bördgen ◽  
Andreas Kastrup ◽  
Paul Eling
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Response Bias ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Discriminatory Power ◽  
False Alarms ◽  
Picture Recognition ◽  
Recognition Errors

Abstract. This article explores the possibility of differentiating between patients suffering from Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and patients with other kinds of dementia by focusing on false alarms (FAs) on a picture recognition task (PRT). In Study 1, we compared AD and non-AD patients on the PRT and found that FAs discriminate well between these groups. Study 2 served to improve the discriminatory power of the FA score on the picture recognition task by adding associated pairs. Here, too, the FA score differentiated well between AD and non-AD patients, though the discriminatory power did not improve. The findings suggest that AD patients show a liberal response bias. Taken together, these studies suggest that FAs in picture recognition are of major importance for the clinical diagnosis of AD.

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