scholarly journals Evaluation of a Bioengineered Honey and Its Synthetic Equivalent as Novel Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm-Targeted Topical Therapies in Chronic Rhinosinusitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dionyssia Papadopoulou ◽  
Alicja Dabrowska ◽  
Philip G. Harries ◽  
Jeremy S. Webb ◽  
Raymond N. Allan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Log Reduction ◽  
Lower Minimum Inhibitory Concentration

Background Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common condition which affects the quality of life of millions of patients worldwide and has a significant impact on health-care resources. While Staphylococcus aureus bacterial biofilms play an important role in this disease, antimicrobial therapy is rarely effective and may promote antibiotic resistance. Thus, development of novel biofilm-targeting and antibiotic-sparing therapies is highly desirable and urgently required. Objective This in vitro study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of a novel synthetic honey-equivalent product which was designed to have the same reactive oxygen release profile as the engineered honey SurgihoneyRO™. Methods Treatment efficacy was investigated by assessment of planktonic growth, biofilm viability, thickness, and biomass using 12 CRS-related S. aureus mucosal bacterial strains. Results Both SurgihoneyRO™ and the synthetic honey-equivalent product inhibited growth of planktonic methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus strains, with the synthetic honey-equivalent product exhibiting a lower minimum inhibitory concentration. Treatment of established S. aureus biofilms reduced biofilm viability with 24-hour treatment resulting in a 2-log reduction in viability of biofilms formed by methicillin-resistant strains and a 1-log reduction in biofilms formed by methicillin-sensitive strains. Conclusions This preliminary study shows that the synthetic honey-equivalent product provides marked antimicrobial activity against S. aureus biofilms, with the potential for development in the clinical setting as an adjunctive biofilm-targeted therapy in CRS. The ultimate aim of such a product would be to reduce the need for antibiotics, steroids, and invasive surgical procedures in CRS patients as well as improving clinical outcomes following endoscopic sinus surgery.

Effect of vancomycin-coated tympanostomy tubes on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation: in vitro study

2010 ◽  
Vol 124 (6) ◽  
pp. 594-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
C H Jang ◽  
H Park ◽  
Y B Cho ◽  
C H Choi
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Silver Oxide ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Tube Placement ◽  
Tympanostomy Tube ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Tympanostomy Tubes

AbstractBackground and objective:Bacterial biofilm formation has been implicated in the high incidence of persistent otorrhoea after tympanostomy tube insertion. It has been suggested that the tube material may be an important factor in the persistence of such otorrhoea. Development of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus otorrhoea after tympanostomy tube placement is a growing concern. We evaluated the effect of using vancomycin and chitosan coated tympanostomy tubes on the incidence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation in vitro.Materials and methods:Three sets each of vancomycin-coated silicone tubes (n = 5), commercial silver oxide coated silicone tubes (n = 5) and uncoated tympanostomy tubes (as controls; n = 5) were compared as regards resistance to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation after in vitro incubation.Results:Scanning electron microscopy showed that the surfaces of the silver oxide coated tubes supported the formation of thick biofilms with crusts, comparable to the appearance of the uncoated tubes. In contrast, the surface of the vancomycin-coated tympanostomy tubes was virtually devoid of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm.Conclusion:Vancomycin-coated tympanostomy tubes resist methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation. Pending further study, such tubes show promise in assisting the control of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation.

scholarly journals In Vitro Bactericidal Activity of Human β-Defensin 3 against Multidrug-Resistant Nosocomial Strains

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 806-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppantonio Maisetta ◽  
Giovanna Batoni ◽  
Semih Esin ◽  
Walter Florio ◽  
Daria Bottai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gram Negative

ABSTRACT The antimicrobial activity of human β-defensin 3 (hBD-3) against multidrug-resistant clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and Acinetobacter baumannii was evaluated. A fast bactericidal effect (within 20 min) against all bacterial strains tested was observed. The presence of 20% human serum abolished the bactericidal activity of hBD-3 against gram-negative strains and reduced the activity of the peptide against gram-positive strains.

scholarly journals Effects of Sauropus androgynus extract and its combination with ampicillin against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: An in vitro study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-133
Author(s):  
Asih Rahayu ◽  
Chylen Setiyo Rini ◽  
Yos Adi Prakoso ◽  
Bagus Uda Palgunadi ◽  
Muhammad Aris Munandar
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

Background and Aim: The massive utilization of antibiotics has increased resistant genes produced by bacteria. Many bacteria, including Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), have become resistant against ampicillin (AMP). The combination of an herbal extract with AMP is expected to generate synergistic effects and may restore the susceptibility of MRSA against AMP. This study aimed to analyze the potency of Sauropus androgynous extract (SAE) as a single extract and combination with AMP against MRSA. Materials and Methods: Sauropus androgynous was extracted using 60% ethanol. SAE biochemical compounds were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. SAE, AMP, and SAE+AMP were tested against MRSA isolates to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration and fractional inhibitory concentration. The inhibition of penicillin-binding proteins 2a (PBP2a) was analyzed using a latex agglutination test. Further, the disruptive membrane effects of SAE, AMP, and SAE+AMP were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope. The analysis of data was conducted using SPSS version 16 with p=0.01. Results: SAE contained bioactive compounds such as phenolics and flavonoids. Further, 2 mg/mL of SAE could be used as the potential concentration against MRSA isolates in vitro. In addition, the utilization of SAE+AMP generated synergistic effects, restored the susceptibility of isolates against AMP, decreased the synthesis of PBP2a by the MRSA, and induced ultrastructural changes in the bacterial membrane. Conclusion: This study indicated that the utilization of SAE potentially inhibits the growth of MRSA through decreasing of PBP2a expression, disruption of the MRSA membrane, while the combination of SAE+AMP showed synergistic effects against MRSA.

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