scholarly journals The yield of respiratory viruses detection testing is age-dependent in children with acute otitis media

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 204993611987112
Author(s):  
Tal Marom ◽  
Avital Fellner ◽  
Ze’ev Hirschfeld ◽  
Tzilia Lazarovitch ◽  
Haim Gavriel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Antigen Detection ◽  
Positive Test ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Background: Studies of nasopharyngeal secretions serve as reliable surrogate to evaluate the involvement of viruses in acute otitis media (AOM) and upper/lower respiratory tract infections (URIs/LRIs). We explored nasopharyngeal viral studies from children with uncomplicated AOM and examined their cost-effectiveness in relation to their age. Methods: We identified children aged 0–6 years admitted to our pediatrics department in a university-affiliated, secondary hospital with uncomplicated AOM and concurrent URI/LRI between 2012 and 2017, during October–April, when viral studies are performed. Studies were performed either using antigen detection tests, for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza A/B (2012–2016) and for a variety of other common respiratory viruses, utilizing multiplex polymerase chain reaction assays (2017). Results: A total of 249 children were included (median age: 15 months). In 88 (35%) children, viral studies were positive, most of them in children ⩽24 months (78, 89%). RSV was positive in 52 (59%) children, followed by influenza A and B, in 11 (13%) and 5 (6%) children, respectively. First year switch to a molecular assay, 4.5-fold more expensive, resulted in a statistically significant higher yield: 69% positive results in ⩽24 months, and 66% in those aged ⩽12 months ( p < 0.05). In those ⩽24 months, US$23 and US$95 were spent for one positive test in the antigen detection years and the polymerase chain reaction year, respectively, whereas in those >24 months, US$83 and US$878 were invested for one positive test in the same year, respectively. Conclusion: In cost-effectiveness terms, the greatest benefit of nasopharyngeal studies was highest in children ⩽24 months.

Multiplex Nested Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction for Respiratory Viruses in Acute Otitis Media

2003 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshio Ishibashi ◽  
Hiroko Monobe ◽  
Masanobu Shinogami ◽  
Yuka Nomura ◽  
Jun Yano
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Molecular Technique ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Because respiratory viruses play an important role in the causation and pathogenesis of acute otitis media (AOM), determining which virus has infected a child is important with respect to vaccines and antiviral drugs. In some instances, this information might be used to prevent the occurrence of AOM. We used a rapid, economical, and sensitive diagnostic system involving a multiplex nested reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay to detect various respiratory viruses in clinical specimens of middle ear fluid (MEF) from children with AOM in our hospital. Multiplex RT-PCR was completed on 40 MEF samples from 28 infants and children less than 6 years old with AOM. Viral RNA was detected in 17 MEF samples (43%). Respiratory syncytial virus type A was present in 12 samples, adenovirus in 3, rhinovirus in 2, and influenza A (H3N2) in 1. The multiplex RT-PCR assay is recommended to clinical laboratories that are considering adoption of a molecular technique for viral diagnosis.

scholarly journals Molecular evidence of coinfection with acute respiratory viruses and high prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 among patients presenting flu-like illness in Bukavu city, Democratic Republic of Congo

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Ntagereka Bisimwa ◽  
Rodrigue Ayagirwe Basengere ◽  
Tshass Chasinga Baharanyi ◽  
Theophile Mitima Kashosi ◽  
Jean-Paul Chikwanine Buhendwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Republic Of Congo ◽  
Polymerase Chain

The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with clinical manifestation cases are almost similar to those of common respiratory viral infections. This study determined the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and other acute respiratory viruses among patients with flu-like symptoms in Bukavu city Democratic republic of Congo. We screened 1352 individuals with flu-like illnesses seeking treatment in 10 health facilities. Nasopharyngeal swabs specimens were collected to detect SARS-CoV-2 using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and 10 common respiratory viruses were detected by multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay. Overall, 13.9% (188/1352) patients were confirmed positive for SARS-CoV-2. Influenza A 5.6% (56/1352), and Influenza B 0.9% (12/1352) were the most common respiratory viruses detected. Overall more than two cases of the other acute respiratory viruses were detected. Frequently observed symptoms associated with SARS-CoV-2 positivity were shivering (47.8%; OR= 1.8; CI: 0.88-1.35), cough (89.6%; OR=6.5, CI: 2.16-28.2), myalgia and dizziness (59.7%; OR=2.7; CI: 1.36-5.85). Moreover, coinfection was observed in 12 (11.5%) specimens. SARS-CoV-2, and Influenza A were the most co-occurring infections, accounting for 33.3% of all positive cases. This study demonstrates cases of COVID-19 infections co-occurring with other acute respiratory infections in Bukavu city during the ongoing outbreak of COVID-19. These data emphasize the need for routine testing of multiple viral pathogens for better prevention and treatment plans. Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, respiratory viruses, flu-like symptoms, coinfection; Bukavu city.

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