scholarly journals Patient, parent and educator perspectives on paediatric concussion

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 205970022096953
Author(s):  
Anne M Grool ◽  
Carol DeMatteo ◽  
Nick Reed ◽  
Dennis Newhook ◽  
Roger Zemek
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Athletic Coaches ◽  
School Sports ◽  
Educator Perspectives ◽  
Concussion Recovery ◽  
The Impact

Background Past research on paediatric concussion awareness, management, impact and outcome priorities has focused on health care professionals and sports organizations, yet little is known about patient, parent and educator perspectives. Methods To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a qualitative descriptive study using semi-structured interviews with three participant groups: patient-participants including children with acute or chronic concussion; parent-participants including caregivers of children at risk for or with history of concussion; and educator-participants including teachers and athletic coaches from three Ontario secondary schools. We designed our interview guide to elicit participants’ perspectives across four domains: concussion awareness, concussion experience, support and resources, and outcome priorities. We analyzed our resultant data using a qualitative content analysis approach. Results Nine paediatric patient-participants, 17 parent-participants, and 14 educator-participants completed the study. Participants described concussion as a serious health concern and attributed greater concussion awareness to increased media attention and concussion protocol implementation within schools/sports. While most educator-participants regarded concussion protocols positively, some feared student manipulation. Parent- and educator-participants desired consistent information and resources from reliable sources. The impact of concussion ranged from a few days to prolonged absences (from school, sports, and socializing) and necessitated accommodations in both academic and sport settings. Short-term problems (e.g., decreased peer-contact) primarily troubled patient-participants, whereas long-term problems (e.g., impaired academics, psychological stress) concerned parent and educator groups. Conclusion Patients, parents and educators worry about the consequences of paediatric concussion. Initial concussion recovery in youth should focus on a timely return to academics and on minimizing social isolation by ensuring peer-contact during recovery.

scholarly journals P076: Assessment of a newly integrated and standardized approach for pediatric concussions aimed to improve the concussion recovery process

CJEM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (S1) ◽  
pp. S91-S92
Author(s):  
J. St.Onge ◽  
E. Karreman ◽  
M. McCarron ◽  
L. Harasen ◽  
C. Ames
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Return To School ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Discharge Data ◽  
Written Information ◽  
Return To Learn ◽  
Concussion Recovery ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Children with concussions presenting to emergency departments often receive very different recommendations for how to recover. In addition, there are no instructions for teachers to how children should return to learn and play after a concussion. Therefore, some children take too long to return to learn and play at school while others return too soon, thereby risking long-term problems because their brain injury is not fully healed. The purpose of this project is to determine the impact of a new integrated, standardized approach aimed to help a concussed child recover faster and whether the recovery experience for all involved has improved. Methods: Structured interviews were conducted with 11 parents of children treated for concussion at the Emergency Department of Pasqua Hospital in Regina, SK, four of whom received care after a change in practice whereby parents were provided with a return-to-school protocol form prior to discharge. Data were analyzed using an inductive qualitative content analysis approach using NVivo 12 software. Results: Three main categories were noted in the data: Parental response to the child's concussion, satisfaction with health services, and the communication amongst parents, physicians, and teachers. It was with regard to the last theme in particular that the impact of the return to school protocol was noted, helping to at least indirectly address the issue of the parent as the “middleman” in the communication triad. Most parents whose children received care prior to the introduction of the protocol suggested that providing written information at discharge to guide parents through the concussion recovery process would be helpful. Conclusion: Our initial results show a positive impact in regards to the process of children returning to learn and play after a concussion. Specifically, the increased communication between physician, teacher, and parent seems to benefit and improve the child's recovery process.

Public libraries digital services and sustainability issues

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 34-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarina Michnik
Keyword(s):  
Public Libraries ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Public Library ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Digital Services ◽  
Local Politicians ◽  
Physical Spaces ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study how Swedish local politicians perceive the impact of public library digital services on public libraries and to discuss how this can affect the sustainable development of public libraries. Design/methodology/approach – Empirical data were collected through semi-structured interviews with local politicians from 19 different Swedish municipalities. Data were treated to qualitative content analysis and discussed based on the concept of sustainable organization. Findings – According to local politicians, public library digital services may affect public libraries through changes to libraries’ physical spaces, librarians’ tasks and competencies and libraries’ economic situations. Based on these findings, public library digital services can both strengthen and weaken public library sustainability through, for example, increased access and expenditures, the latter of which may threaten public library sustainability. Research limitations/implications – Interviews did not focus specifically on the politicians’ views on public library digital services but dealt generally with their views on public libraries. To identify reasons for variations in views on this topic, follow-up interviews should be done. Data on views from public library managers would also be of use to determine the degree to which they are shared with local politicians. Originality/value – When sustainability and public libraries are discussed, the focus is generally on the library’s contribution to a sustainable society. Here, the focus is instead on the sustainability of the public library itself.

scholarly journals Batswana female managers’ career experiences and perspectives on corporate mobility and success

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mpho M. Pheko
Keyword(s):  
Past Research ◽  
Women In Leadership ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Management Level ◽  
Female Managers ◽  
Management Positions ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Managerial Positions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Corporate Mobility

Orientation: Corporate mobility remains elusive for female managers.Research purpose: To investigate Batswana female managers’ strategies for entering and succeeding in managerial positions, the challenges they face and the consequences of success.Motivation for the study: There is a lack of research into the way Batswana female managers obtain management positions, as well as their experiences as female managers.Research approach, design and method: An interpretive approach using a case study strategy was employed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted which were shaped by the objectives of the study. A sample of female employees (n = 10), representing different organisations and professions, was obtained from various organisations in Botswana.Main findings: Findings revealed that female managers do experience a number of challenges. Various factors were identified that accounted for their career advancement as well as the consequences of success. The consequences of success were identified as being both positive and negative.Practical/managerial implications: The current study is important as the strategies for success that were identified can be used to assist interested women to obtain management-level positions. Furthermore, the challenges identified may assist both researchers and practitioners to design interventions that help to mitigate the challenges, in turn enabling the inclusion and advancement of women in leadership or managerial positions.Contributions: The current study may contribute new knowledge as past research conducted in Botswana seems to have focused mainly on the impact of regulatory and legislative challenges on women’s advancement. Such a focus ignores the other aspects of female managers’ experiences, which are addressed by the current study.

scholarly journals Fathers experiences of sleeping problems in children with autism

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol Ann Potter
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sleeping Problems ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the role of fathers in the management of sleeping problems in children with autism and their perspectives of the impact of these difficulties on family life. Design/methodology/approach Semi-structured interviews with 25 UK-based fathers of children with autism were undertaken. Findings Two-thirds of fathers reported that their children experienced severe sleeping problems in the areas of bed-time resistance, sleep onset and night-time waking. Fathers were significantly involved in the management of these difficulties and reported a range of associated deleterious impacts on the family, including significant negative effects on paternal and maternal health, father’s employment, couple relationship and sibling experiences. Research limitations/implications The interview sample cannot be said to be representative of all fathers of children with autism since the backgrounds of those taking part were relatively homogeneous in respect of ethnicity, marital status and level of education. Practical implications Improvements in effective, family-centred provision are urgently needed which employ a co-parenting, gender-differentiated methodology. Social implications Given the severity and frequency of difficulties, sleeping problems in children with autism should be viewed as a significant public health concern. Originality/value This is one of the first studies, qualitative or quantitative, to explore the role and perspectives of fathers of children with autism in the important area of sleep management.

20 Adolescent and caregiver perspectives on living with a limb fracture: A qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. e12-e13
Author(s):  
Manisha Bharadia ◽  
Stevi Golden-Plotnik ◽  
Michael van Manen ◽  
Mithra Sivakumar ◽  
Amy Drendel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Pediatric Emergency ◽  
Family Impact ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Discharge Instructions ◽  
Caregiver Support ◽  
Fracture Function ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Primary Subject area Emergency Medicine - Paediatric Background Fractures occur in up to half of children by age 16 years. After initial emergency care for a fracture, function is universally impaired in children, and impacts extend to the immediate family. Knowledge of expected functional limitations is key to providing proper discharge instructions and anticipatory guidance to families. Objectives Our study objectives were to understand: 1) how adolescents (12-17 years) describe the functional impact of fractures on their lives; 2) how adolescents’ reports of their experiences compare to those of their caregivers; and 3) the impact of the fracture on the family unit. Design/Methods We conducted individual, semi-structured interviews from June 2019 to November 2020 with adolescents and their caregivers, 7-14 days following their initial visit to a pediatric emergency department. We utilized qualitative content analysis methodology. Recruitment proceeded until thematic saturation was achieved. Coding and analysis were concurrent with recruitment and interviews. A secondary coder reviewed 40% of the transcripts, and the coding team met regularly to discuss the coding framework and key themes. The interview script was modified in an iterative process, to reflect emerging themes. Results We completed a total of 29 interviews. The most commonly affected functions were: a) showering and hygiene (which required the most caregiver support); b) sleep variability (due to pain and cast-related discomfort); and c) exclusion from sports/activities. Many adolescents experienced disruptions to social activities and gatherings. Adolescents valued independence and often chose to take more time to complete a task to preserve this, regardless of inconvenience. Both adolescents and caregivers reported feelings of frustration as a result of day-to-day impacts imposed by the injury. Generally, caregivers’ perspectives were in keeping with the experiences that adolescents described for themselves. Notable family impacts included what we described as ‘sibling burden’ or conflicts that arose when a sibling had to take on extra chores/tasks. Conclusion These themes highlight an opportunity to better tailor discharge instructions for adolescents with fractures. Key messages include: 1) expect pain and impaired sleep, especially in the first few days; 2) allow extra time to complete tasks independently, especially for grooming and hygiene; 3) consider family impact, especially sibling burden; 4) prepare for changes in activities and social dynamics; and 5) frustration is normal, for both adolescents and caregivers. Future work can focus on developing a novel, family-informed tool to assess functional outcomes following injury.

scholarly journals Mental health professionals’ perceptions on patients control of data sharing

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 2011-2029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Ivanova ◽  
Adela Grando ◽  
Anita Murcko ◽  
Michael Saks ◽  
Mary Jo Whitfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Data Sharing ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Health Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Timely Access ◽  
The Impact

Integrated mental and physical care environments require data sharing, but little is known about health professionals’ perceptions of patient-controlled health data sharing. We describe mental health professionals’ views on patient-controlled data sharing using semi-structured interviews and a mixed-method analysis with thematic coding. Health information rights, specifically those of patients and health care professionals, emerged as a key theme. Behavioral health professionals identified patient motivations for non-sharing sensitive mental health records relating to substance use, emergency treatment, and serious mental illness (94%). We explore conflicts between professional need for timely access to health information and patient desire to withhold some data categories. Health professionals’ views on data sharing are integral to the redesign of health data sharing and informed consent. As well, they seek clarity about the impact of patient-controlled sharing on health professionals’ roles and scope of practice.

Medevac and Beyond: The Impact of Medical Travel on Nunavut Residents / ᑐᐊᕕᕐᓇᑐᒃᑰᕐᓂᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐅᖓᑎᒃᑲᓐᓂᐊᓄᑦ: ᓄᓇᕗᒻᒥᐅᑦ ᐋᓐᓂᐊᕕᓕᐊᖅᐸᑦᑐᑦ ᐊᑦᑐᖅᑕᐅᓂᕆᕙᑦᑕᖏᑦ

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Cameron McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cultural Sensitivity ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Psychosocial Needs ◽  
The South ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Medical Outcomes ◽  
Transfer Programs ◽  
Transferred Patients ◽  
The Impact

<p>This qualitative study identifies key factors that contribute to negative psychosocial outcomes for Inuit patients using the Iqaluit, Nunavut, medevac (used for emergency transfers) and medical transfer (for non-emergency cases) programs. The study also reports on the existence and appropriateness of social and cultural supports in hospitals and communities for medically transferred patients and their families. I analyzed results from a literature review, document analysis, and 20 in-depth, semi-structured interviews with health care professionals and policy and decision makers in Iqaluit and Ottawa, Ontario. Respondents were either directly involved in medevac and medical transfer programs or were health professionals who work with those using the services. In addition, variables impacting patient speed of recovery and overall mental health were considered, including isolation, social support, and emotional stress. Findings revealed that Inuit patients do experience a lack of social supports such as escorts and translators on medical trips south. They also often encounter a lack of cultural sensitivity once in the south, and suffer from homesickness and isolation. This study demonstrates that the current medical transfer system in Nunavut does not fully meet the psychosocial needs of Inuit patients and their families, which has direct effects on patients’ mental health and on medical outcomes of treatment in the south.<br /><br /></p><p>ᐅᓇ  ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ  ᐃᓕᓴᖅᓯᕗᖅ  ᐱᓗᖅᑯᑕᐅᔪᓂᒃ  ᑐᓂᕐᕈᑎᖃᖅᑐᓂᒃ  ᐃᓅᓯᕐᒧᑦ  ᐃᓱᒪᒃᑯᓪᓗ  ᐃᓄᓐᓄᑦ  ᐋᓐᓂᐊᕕᓕᐊᖅᐸᑦᑐᓄᑦ  ᐊᑲᐃᓪᓕᐅᕈᑎᓂᒃ  ᐊᖅᑯᑎᒋᓪᓗᒋᑦ  ᐃᖃᓗᐃᑦ,  ᓄᓇᕗᑦ  ᑐᐊᕕᕐᓇᑐᒃᑯ  ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᓂᒃᑯᑦ  (ᑐᐊᕕᕐᓇᖏᑦᑐᑯᓪᓗ  ᐊᖅᑯᑕᐅᕙᑦᑐᒃᑯᑦ).  ᖃᐅᔨᓴᐅᑎ  ᐅᓂᒃᑲᐅᓯᖃᕆᕗᖅ  ᐅᓪᓗᒥ  ᐋᓐᓂᐊᕕᓐᓂ  ᓄᓇᓕᓐᓂᓗ  ᐊᑐᐃᓐᓇᐅᒪᔪᓂᒃ  ᐊᒻᒪᓗ  ᐊᑲᕐᕆᔾᔪᑕᐅᔪᓂᒃ  ᐃᓅᖃᑎᒌᓐᓂᒃᑯᑦ  ᐊᒻᒪᓗ  ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᒃᑯᑦ  ᐋᓐᓂᐊᕕᓕᐊᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ  ᐃᓚᖏᓐᓄᓪᓗ  ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑐᐃᔾᔪᑕᐅᔪᓂᒃ.  ᕿᒥᕐᕈᓚᐅᕆᕗᖓ  ᖃᐅᔨᓴᐅᑎᒥᓂᕐᓂᒃ  ᐅᖃᓕᒫᒐᓕᐊᖑᓯᒪᔪᓂᒃ,  ᐅᓂᒃᑳᓪᓗ  ᕿᒥᕐᕈᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ  ᐊᕙᑎᑦ  ᓈᔭᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᑦᑎᐊᖅᑐᑎᒃ,  ᐊᐱᖅᑯᑎᓪᓗ  ᐃᓚᖓᒍᑦ  ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ  ᐋᓐᓂᐊᖅᑐᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᑦ  ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᖏᓐᓄᑦ  ᐊᒻᒪᓗ  ᐊᑐᐊᒐᓕᐅᖅᑎᓄᑦ  ᐃᓱᒪᓕᐅᖅᑎᓄᓪᓗ  ᐃᖃᓗᓐᓂ  ᐋᑐᕚᒥᓗ,  ᐋᓐᑎᐅᕆᐅᒥ.  ᐊᐱᖅᓱᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ  ᑐᐊᕕᕐᓇᖅᑐᒃᑰᕐᓂᑰᔪᑦ  ᐊᐅᓪᓚᖅᑐᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᓐᓂ  ᐅᕝᕙᓗᑭᐊᖅ  ᐋᓐᓂᐊᖅᑐᓕᕆᓂᕐᒥ  ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔮᖃᐅᖅᑐᑎᒃ.  ᑕᐃᒪᓗ,  ᐋᓐᓂᐊᕕᓕᐊᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ  ᐱᔾᔪᑕᐅᔪᑦ  ᐃᑉᐱᓐᓂᕈᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ  ᐊᑲᐅᓯᕙᓪᓕᐊᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ  ᐊᒻᒪᓗ  ᐃᓱᒪᔾᔪᓯᖏᓐᓂᒃ,  ᐃᓚᓕᐅᑦᑐᒋᑦ  ᐅᖓᓯᑦᑐᒥᐅᑕᐅᓂᖏᑦ,  ᐃᓄᓕᕆᓂᒃᑯᑦ  ᐃᑲᔫᑕᐅᔪᑦ  ᐊᒻᒪᓗ  ᐃᓱᒫᓗᓐᓇᖅᑐᑎᒍᑦ.  ᖃᐅᔨᔾᔪᑕᐅᔪᑦ  ᑐᑭᓯᓇᖅᓯᓚᐅᖅᑯᑦ  ᐃᓄᐃᑦ  ᐋᓐᓂᐊᕕᓕᐊᖅᐸᑦᑐᑦ  ᐃᓄᓕᕆᓂᒃᑯᑦ  ᐃᑲᔪᖅᓱᖅᑕᐅᓂᑭᑉᐸᓐᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᓲᕐᓗ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑎᒡᒋᐊᖃᕋᑎᒃ  ᐊᒻᒪᓗ  ᑐᓵᔨᑭᔅᓴᐸᑦᑐᑎᒃ  ᖃᓪᓗᓈᓕᐊᕋᐃᒐᒥᒃ. ᐊᒥᒐᖅᓯᔾᔪᑕᐅᕙᑦᑐᑦ  ᑐᑭᓯᔾᔪᑕᐅᔪᒋᕗᖅ  ᐃᓄᐃᑦ  ᐱᖅᑯᓯᖏᓐᓂᒃ  ᖃᐅᔨᒪᓂᑭᓐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ  ᐋᓐᓂᐊᖅᑐᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᑦ,  ᐊᖏᕐᕋᓯᖅᐸᑦᑐᓪᓗ  ᐊᒻᒪᓗ  ᐃᓄᑑᓕᐅᑎᕙᓐᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ.  ᐅᓇ  ᖃᐅᔨᓴᐅᑎ  ᑕᑯᖅᑯᔾᔨᓚᐅᖅᑯᖅ  ᒫᓐᓇᒃᑯᑦ  ᐋᓐᓂᐊᕕᓕᐊᕐᓂᕆᕙᑦᑕᖏᑦ  ᓄᓇᕗᒻᒥᐅᑕᐃᑦ  ᐃᓚᖏᑕᓗ  ᐊᑲᕐᕆᔮᓐᖏᒋᐊᖏᑕ  ᐋᓐᓂᐊᕕᓕᐊᖅᐸᑦᑐᑦ  ᐃᓱᒪᖏᑎᒍᑦ  ᐃᓄᓕᕆᓂᒃᑯᑎᒍᓪᓗ.  ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ  ᐋᓐᓂᐊᕕᓕᐊᖅᐸᑦᑐᑦ  ᐃᓱᒪᔾᔪᓯᖏᑦ  ᐊᒻᒪᓗ  ᐋᓐᓂᐊᖏᑕ  ᖃᓄᐃᓐᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ  ᐊᑦᑐᐃᕙᑦᑐᑦ  ᖃᓪᓗᓈᓃᑎᓪᓗᒋᒃ.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals The health literacy needs of women living with HIV/AIDS

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy Thompson ◽  
Yolanda Havenga ◽  
Susan Naude
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Women Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hiv Aids

Women in Sub-Saharan Africa are disproportionately affected by the virus and constitute 60% of the total HIV/AIDS infections in this region. Current recommendations endorse the involvement of people living with HIV in the development of programmes for people living with the virus. The purpose of the study was to explore and describe the health literacy needs of women living with HIV. The research design was qualitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual. After women living with HIV/AIDS were sampled purposively, semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight women and qualitative content analysis done. The findings revealed that the women expressed a need to increase their knowledge about HIV/AIDS. The knowledge they needed ranged from basic pathophysiology about HIV/AIDS, to the impact of HIV/AIDS on their health, to an awareness of the modes of HIV transmission and methods of protecting others from being infected. Other important health literacy needs related to self-care and correct antiretroviral use. A need for psychosocial skills was also identified in order for women to build and maintain their relationships. Recommendations were made for nursing practice, education and further research, based on these findings.

‘Slow to change’: Farmers’ perceptions of place-based barriers to sustainable agriculture

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 511-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Grover ◽  
Joshua Gruver
Keyword(s):  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Qualitative Inquiry ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Agricultural Policies ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Regional Factors ◽  
The Impact

AbstractSmallholder farmers are an important and growing segment of the farm population in Indiana and in the USA. Past research regarding farmer decision-making has been inconsistent and has largely focused on the larger-scale, conventional farmer, leaving smallholders poorly understood. There is a need to better understand the management decisions of smallholder farmers within their regional context to promote efforts toward environmental, social and economic sustainability. Through in-depth qualitative inquiry, this study investigated the impact of regional factors that influence farmers’ decisions and the barriers and opportunities most relevant to farm viability and sustainability in the context of East Central Indiana (ECI). Semi-structured interviews with 15 key informants and 33 farmers informed our understanding of the factors most relevant to small-scale farming in the region. Several important themes emerged related to perceived barriers to sustainable farm management, including markets; structures and regulations; time and labor; environmental/ecological factors; and networking and access to educational support. The results of this study complement the findings of previous work that describe the complex framework farmers navigate when making decisions on the farm. Further, subtle regional factors emerged that significantly impact farmers’ decisions, emphasizing the importance of local context in crafting agricultural policies and outreach efforts. Implications and recommendations for ECI are discussed.

scholarly journals Staff Perspectives Toward Challenges in a Newly Established Cancer Center in Tanzania: A Qualitative Study

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Zainab Alwash ◽  
Oliver Henke ◽  
Furaha Serventi ◽  
Eva Johanna Kantelhardt
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Training And Education ◽  
The Government

PURPOSE Cancer is a growing public health concern in low-income countries (LICs). From 14 million new patient cases identified worldwide each year, 8 million are diagnosed in LICs. The fatality rate is 75% in LICs compared with 46% in high-income countries. Causes are low literacy levels, lack of awareness and knowledge about cancer, and limited education of health care professionals that leads to late detection and diagnosis. In Tanzania, cancer incidence will double to 60,000 in 2030. The referral hospital of Northern Tanzania established a new cancer unit in December 2016 to meet these needs. However, there is limited knowledge about perceptions of health care professionals toward cancer care in LICs. This study aims to understand attitudes and perspectives of those professionals and the treatment-related challenges in a newly established center to assist future efforts in this field. METHODS A qualitative method approach using in-depth interviews was chosen to achieve inductive conceptualization. Analysis of data was performed according to qualitative content analysis. RESULTS Eleven interviews were conducted. Five main categories were found: training and education of staff, availability of financial support, challenges in management, interests in future developments, and job satisfaction. Subcategories elaborated in more detail within the main categories. CONCLUSION Limitations in staffing, training, and education were major concerns. The importance of sustainable funding and the needed cooperation of the government with international aid were identified as key points. The involvement of different stakeholders requires guidance by health care management. Health care professionals expressed their satisfaction with the possibilities of treating cancer and the rewarding feedback from patients. Misconceptions and poor knowledge by patients were mentioned as reasons for delayed health-seeking behavior. Screening and awareness programs were seen as useful interventions.

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