scholarly journals Triadimefon Disrupts Working Memory in the Matching-to-Position Task

SAGE Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 215824401880579
Author(s):  
John M. Holden ◽  
Ethan Hemmelman ◽  
Rowan McGlasson ◽  
Zaria Smith ◽  
Ashley Ruhland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Acute Exposure ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Delayed Matching ◽  
Position Task ◽  
Matching To Position

Triadimefon (TDF) is a fungicide which has psychostimulant properties similar to cocaine and amphetamine. Past studies with psychostimulants suggests that acute exposure leads to disruptions in working memory. In this study, we examined the effects of TDF exposure (relative to corn oil control) on performance in the delayed matching-to-position task in two separate studies using Sprague-Dawley male rats. In both studies, TDF exposure led to significantly poorer performance across delays. TDF shows similar properties to cocaine and amphetamine in terms of disrupting working memory.

Effects of Scopolamine on Working Memory in Rats in a Delayed Matching-to-Position Task, Employing a Subject-Centered Procedure

2000 ◽  
Vol 87 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1027-1038
Author(s):  
Hiroko Oka ◽  
Toshiaki Tachibana
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Retention Interval ◽  
Group Performance ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Delayed Matching ◽  
Scopolamine Hydrobromide ◽  
Position Task ◽  
Matching To Position

The effect of scopolamine hydrobromide on a delayed matching-to-position task was examined while controlling for two confounding factors, i.e., mediating behavior and slow performance on a task. The task was given on the basis of a subject-centered method in which delay intervals are dependent on subjects' performance. The performance of individual subjects, rather than averaged group performance, was taken as the focus of the analysis. The results indicated that scopolamine had an effect not only on speed of preforming the task but also on the length of the retention interval. The effects differed considerably among individuals: the effects on both the length of the retention interval and the speed of performance were found for two of the five subjects. An effect on speed of performance alone was found for one subject. No effects on either measure were found in a further two subjects.

scholarly journals The Ameliorating Effect of Berberine-Rich Fraction against Gossypol-Induced Testicular Inflammation and Oxidative Stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samar R. Saleh ◽  
Rana Attia ◽  
Doaa A. Ghareeb
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Male Infertility ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Tissue Inhibitors Of Metalloproteinases ◽  
Interleukin 12 ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

This study was aimed at evaluating the efficacy of berberine-rich fraction (BF) as a protective and/or a therapeutic agent against inflammation and oxidative stress during male infertility. Sexually mature Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into five groups treated with either corn oil, BF (100 mg/kg BW, orally, daily for 30 days), gossypol acetate (5 mg/kg BW, i.p.) eight times for 16 days, BF alone for 14 days then coadministered with gossypol acetate for the next 16 days (protected group), or gossypol acetate for 16 days then treated with BF for 30 days (treated group). All animals completed the experimental period (46 days) without obtaining any treatments in the gap period. Sperm parameters, oxidative index, and inflammatory markers were measured. Gossypol injection significantly decreased the semen quality and testosterone level that resulted from the elevation of testicular reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (TBARS and NO), TNF-α, TNF-α-converting enzyme, and interleukins (IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-18) by 230, 180, 12.5, 97.9, and 300%, respectively, while interleukin-12 and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases-3 were significantly decreased by 59 and 66%, respectively. BF (protected and treated groups) significantly improved the semen quality, oxidative stress, and inflammation associated with male infertility. It is suitable to use more advanced studies to validate these findings.

scholarly journals Sustained performance by common marmosets in a delayed matching to position task with variable stimulus presentations

2016 ◽  
Vol 297 ◽  
pp. 277-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumiko Yamazaki ◽  
Masakado Saiki ◽  
Masayuki Inada ◽  
Shigeru Watanabe ◽  
Atsushi Iriki
Keyword(s):  
Variable Stimulus ◽  
Common Marmosets ◽  
Delayed Matching ◽  
Position Task ◽  
Sustained Performance ◽  
Matching To Position

scholarly journals The Production of Testosterone and Gene Expression in Neonatal Testes of Rats Exposed to Diisoheptyl Phthalate During Pregnancy is Inhibited

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Ji ◽  
Zina Wen ◽  
Chaobo Ni ◽  
Qiqi Zhu ◽  
Yiyan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leydig Cell ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Gestational Exposure ◽  
Phthalate Plasticizer ◽  
Neonatal Testis

Background: Diisoheptyl phthalate (DIHP) is a phthalate plasticizer, which is a branched phthalate. Here, we reported the effects of gestational exposure to DIHP on testis development in male rats.Methods: Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were orally fed with vehicle (corn oil, control) or DIHP (10, 100, 500, and 1,000 mg/kg) from gestational day (GD) 12–21. At GD21, serum testosterone levels, the number and distribution of fetal Leydig cells, and testicular mRNA and protein levels, the incidence of multinucleated gonocytes, and focal testicular hypoplasia in the neonatal testis were measured.Results: DIHP increased the fetal Leydig cell cluster size and decreased the fetal Leydig cell size with LOAEL of 10 mg/kg. DIHP did not affect the fetal Leydig cell number. DIHP significantly lowered serum testosterone levels, down-regulated the expression of steroidogenesis-related genes (Lhcgr, Star, Cyp11a1, Hsd3b1, Cyp17a1, and Hsd17b3) and testis descent-related gene (Insl3) as well as protein levels of cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme (CYP11A1) and insulin-like 3 (INSL3). DIHP dose-dependently increased the percentage of multinucleated gonocytes with the low observed adverse-effect level (LOAEL) of 100 mg/kg. DIHP induced focal testicular hypoplasia.Conclusion: Gestational exposure to DIHP causes testis dysgenesis in rats.

Electrocardiograms of male rats fed rapeseed oil

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 1116-1121 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. G. Hunsaker ◽  
H. W. Hulan ◽  
J. K. G. Kramer ◽  
A. H. Corner
Keyword(s):  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Qrs Complex ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Cardiac Rate ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Wave Forms

Frontal plane electrocardiograms (standard limb leads) were recorded on male Sprague–Dawley rats fed for 14 weeks on semisynthetic diets containing 20% (by weight) of Brassica napus cv. Tower or B. campestris cv. Span rapeseed oil or fractions isolated from Span rapeseed oil. Control diets were rat Chow or semisynthetic diets containing 20% (by weight) of either safflower oil or corn oil. The amplitude of the P, Q, R, S, and T waves, the duration of the P wave, QRS complex, and P–R interval, and the cardiac rate were measured in the electrocardiograms and differences between groups compared statistically. While there were statistically significant differences in the amplitude of some of the wave forms, there were no consistent differences which could be attributed to the feeding of rapeseed oil or its fractions. The duration of the P wave and the QRS complex were significantly longer in some of the control groups than those in most of the treated groups. There was no correlation between the presence of a Q wave and the incidence of myocardial lesions in any group. Cardiac rate was essentially the same in all groups.

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