scholarly journals A New Method for Computing Letter of Credit Risks

SAGE Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 215824402097021
Author(s):  
Cheng Zhang ◽  
Ni Hu
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Credit System ◽  
Letter Of Credit ◽  
Credit Risks ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
System Risk ◽  
Chinese Export ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
And Control

This study targets problems in the risk assessment and control processes of letter of credit settlements for Chinese export enterprises. It applies the quantitative method of exploratory factor analysis to extract the main factors and uses a confirmatory factor analysis to test the validity these constructs. VENSIM software is used to design the system dynamics causal tree and flowchart of the letter of credit system. The equation sets of DANAMO parameters are then constructed using the software. Finally, through analysis of the system risk fluctuation diagram with system simulation, it offers enterprises advice on how to identify potential risk points to prevent and control letter of credit risks in advance.

Research on Risks of Letter of Credit Settlement Based on Factor Analysis and System Dynamics Simulation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
cheng zhang
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
System Simulation ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Credit System ◽  
Letter Of Credit ◽  
Credit Risks ◽  
System Risk ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
And Control

<p>Targeting at the problems in the risk assessment and control processes of the letter of credit settlement in China's export enterprises so far, it first adopts the quantitative method and exploratory factor analysis to extract the main factors. On the basis, the software VENSIM is used to design the dynamics causes tree and the flow chart of the letter of credit system. Next, the equation sets of DANAMO parameters are also constructed with the software. Finally, through observation of the system risk fluctuation diagram with system simulation, it gives enterprises some advice on how to identify risk points and how to prevent and control letter of credit risks in advance.<br></p>

Research on Risks of Letter of Credit Settlement Based on Factor Analysis and System Dynamics Simulation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
cheng zhang
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
System Simulation ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Credit System ◽  
Letter Of Credit ◽  
Credit Risks ◽  
System Risk ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
And Control

<p>Targeting at the problems in the risk assessment and control processes of the letter of credit settlement in China's export enterprises so far, it first adopts the quantitative method and exploratory factor analysis to extract the main factors. On the basis, the software VENSIM is used to design the dynamics causes tree and the flow chart of the letter of credit system. Next, the equation sets of DANAMO parameters are also constructed with the software. Finally, through observation of the system risk fluctuation diagram with system simulation, it gives enterprises some advice on how to identify risk points and how to prevent and control letter of credit risks in advance.<br></p>

scholarly journals Parental Position towards Adult Children: Development and Approbation of Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 66-87
Author(s):  
R.N. Egorov ◽  
I.V. Shapovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Adult Children ◽  
Main Stage ◽  
Mothers And Fathers ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Children Development ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

The article is devoted to the development of the author’s methodology for determining the parental position in relation to adult children. The creation of the questionnaire was one of the main objectives of the study, aimed at identifying and describing various types of parental position in relation to adult children. At the main stage of the work, 167 parents (mothers and fathers) of children aged 18 to 30 were interviewed. In the course of the study, the statistical analysis of the method using the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was carried out, the checking of the internal consistency of the scales, its retest reliability and validation. As a result, the structure of the questionnaire was clarified and a conclusion was drawn on its applicability for research purposes. During the study, the main factors that determine the nature of the relationship between parents and adult children (“adoption” and “control”) have been established, on the basis of which 4 types of parental position in relation to adult children have been empirically identified: autonomous, detached, controlling, balanced.

scholarly journals MICE tourism development- Examination from the supply side in Dalat City, Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ha Nam Khanh Giao ◽  
Le Thai Son
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Structural Equation Modelling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Equation Modelling ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Main Factors

The research attempted to examine resource factors affecting the development of MICE at Dalat, by determining the stakeholders, and by interviewing 350 resources (means from the supply side). The methods of Cronbach’s Alpha, Exploratory Factor Anaalysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) together the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) were used by the programs of SPSS and AMOS.The result shows that MICE development is affected by MICE destination resources, then MICE destination resources is affected by 3 main factors, arranged by the importance decreasing: (1) Organization resources; (2) MICE tourist resources; (3) Supplier resources. From that, the research raises some solutions for management and policy makers to develop MICE better.

scholarly journals Exploring the Impact Factors of Tourists’ Intention to Choose Iran as a Traveling Destination

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Mona Mehrparvar ◽  
Xu Ming ◽  
Ahmad Saeedi
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Chinese People ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Effective Factors ◽  
Political Risks ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this paper is to explore the effective factors in attracting outbound tourists to choose Iran as a traveling destination. This survey has been done in China. The total number of respondents was 406, where 95% of respondents filled an online questionnaire and 5% filled it manually. The exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to analyze the questionnaire, and logistic regression was deployed to explore the effective factors in this survey. The questions were defined based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and the role of culture, custom, the source of traveling information, and perceived traveling risks in choosing Iran as a traveling destination. The outcome of this survey on Chinese people suggested that the attractions of Iran, environment, and political risks are the main factors which play an important role in choosing Iran as a traveling destination. The experience of traveling abroad also revealed a significant effect in decision making on traveling destination.

scholarly journals The Development and Validation of a Mental Toughness Scale for Adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah McGeown ◽  
Helen St. Clair-Thompson ◽  
David W. Putwain
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Test Anxiety ◽  
Academic Motivation ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mental Toughness ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
And Control

The present study examined the validity of a newly developed instrument, the Mental Toughness Scale for Adolescents, which examines the attributes of challenge, commitment, confidence (abilities and interpersonal), and control (life and emotion). The six-factor model was supported using exploratory factor analysis ( n = 373) and confirmatory factor analysis ( n = 372). In addition, the mental toughness attributes correlated with adolescents’ academic motivation and engagement ( n = 439), well-being (depression and anxiety; n = 279), and test anxiety ( n = 279), indicating relations with a number of affective, cognitive, and behavioral dispositions, and demonstrating relevance in education and potentially mental health contexts.

scholarly journals Job demands and resources scale for physical education teachers: Is it valid in Turkish culture?

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
Mustafa Engur ◽  
Olcay Kiremitci ◽  
Berkcan Boz
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Turkish Population ◽  
Job Resources ◽  
Physical Education Teachers ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Turkish Language ◽  
Job Demands And Resources

The aim of the study was to adapt job demands and resources scale for Physical Education (PE) teachers into Turkish language. Two hundered and nineteen PE teachers participated in this study. In the scope of validity analyses of the scale, different techniques were used and expert opinion was obtained for the language content validity, while exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were performed for construct validity. Results of EFA showed that two main factors explained 34.91% of variance. CFA results revealed that the indices examined in terms of construct were at a good level with regards to data fit. In reliability analyses, internal consistency coefficient was calculated as 0.74 for the whole, 0.81 for job demands and 0.74 for job resources from the main factors. Results reveal that job demands-resources scale for PE teachers is reliable and valid for Turkish population.   Keywords: Physical education teacher, job demands, job resources, validity, reliability.

Confirmatory Factor Analysis of Scales Measuring Trust, and Control-Self-efficacy of Young Iranian Women

2014 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 1033-1047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asiyeh Salehi ◽  
Neil Harris ◽  
Maryam Marzban ◽  
Elisabeth Coyne
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Iranian Women ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals An Approach to Defining the Identity of a Media Fan

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Javier Lozano Delmar ◽  
Juan F. Plaza ◽  
Milagrosa Sanchez-Martin
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Sociodemographic Variables ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fan Identity

This study is based on a sample of Spanish viewers of audiovisual fiction, seeking to understand behavior associated with fan identity. A quantitative method was used to explore the characteristics shared by viewers who define themselves as fans, as well as the existence of differences according to various sociodemographic variables. To that end, the Fan Identity Questionnaire was prepared and validated through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The results confirm four types of behavior associated to media fans that, together, can explain and define fan identity with respect to the consumption of media content in Spain: experience, knowledge, collecting, and viewing. The study also shows that those viewers who define themselves as fans obtain higher values in this scale. Taking media fans into account, no significant differences were found in the mean of the Fan Identity Questionnaire based on sex, age, occupation and education and, as a result, we are able to conclude that fan identity is found in the Spanish sample regardless of the above-mentioned sociodemographic characteristics.

scholarly journals Intrafamily violence: Brazilian adaptation and psychometric evidence of the Children’s Natural Environment Signaling Scale

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jérssia Laís Fonseca dos SANTOS ◽  
Patrícia Nunes da FONSECA ◽  
José Farias de SOUZA FILHO ◽  
Paulo Gregório Nascimento da SILVA ◽  
Ricardo Neves COUTO
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Violent Behavior ◽  
Original Model ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
And Control ◽  
Psychometric Evidence

Abstract This study aimed to adapt the Children’s Natural Environment Signaling Scale to the Brazilian context, gathering evidence of validity and precision. Specifically, it sought to verify the presence of violent behavior in the adolescents’ family environment and to identify the victims of this type of violence. A total of 249 adolescents, between 13 and 19 years old, participated this study. The results pointed to the existence of few situations of intrafamily violence, with the most frequent victims being children and adolescents. As for the instrument, the confirmatory factor analysis revealed adequate adjustment indexes, confirming the original model of the scale, composed of four factors: physical abuse, emotional abuse, coercion, and control. The reliability, assessed using Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega coefficients, showed similar satisfactory indicators ranging from 0.69 to 0.81. The importance of having a psychometrically robust instrument is highlighted, making it possible to assess intrafamily violence in the Brazilian context.

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