The Emergence and Management of Role Ambiguity in a Collegiate Basketball Team

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-517
Author(s):  
Paul Kang ◽  
David R. Seibold
Keyword(s):  
Role Ambiguity ◽  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Men's Basketball ◽  
Ethnographic Interviews ◽  
Basketball Team ◽  
Role Responsibilities

Role ambiguity—the lack of clear, consistent information regarding one’s role, responsibilities, or position—is a critical factor in team sports in which alignment of roles is vital to collective performance and team success. However, how role ambiguity evolves over time and is managed is understudied. This qualitative longitudinal investigation examined how role ambiguities emerged and impacted the members of a National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I collegiate men’s basketball team. Working within the organizational tensions theoretical framework, data on role ambiguity were collected through participant observation and ethnographic interviews and thematically coded and analyzed. Findings indicated that role ambiguities, such as with player leadership, were influenced by numerous contextual factors and recursively influenced the meanings of some of those factors. These complexities also produced tensions, and members’ attempts to manage these tensions produced dualities that further increased role ambiguity. When members realized they could not resolve ambiguities related to their roles, they concocted unorthodox role management strategies to accomplish their responsibilities amidst the ambiguity.

scholarly journals Forging Political Cadres for Re-Peasantization: Escuela de Acción Campesina (Spain)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 4061
Author(s):  
David Gallar-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Food Sovereignty ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Ethnographic Interviews ◽  
Participatory Workshop ◽  
Global North ◽  
Training Schools ◽  
Ethnographic Methodology ◽  
La Via Campesina

Bolstering the political formation of agrarian organizations has become a priority for La Vía Campesina and the Food Sovereignty Movement. This paper addresses the Spanish case study of the Escuela de Acción Campesina (EAC)—(Peasant Action School), which is a tool for political formation in the Global North in which the philosophical and pedagogical principles of the “peasant pedagogies” of the Training Schools proposed by La Vía Campesina are put into practice within an agrarian organization in Spain and in alliance with the rest of the Spanish Food Sovereignty Movement. The study was carried out over the course of the 10 years of activist research, spanning the entire process for the construction and development of the EAC. Employing an ethnographic methodology, information was collected through participant observation, ethnographic interviews, a participatory workshop, and reviews of internal documents. The paper presents the context in which the EAC arose, its pedagogical dynamics, the structure and the ideological contents implemented for the training of new cadres, and how there are three key areas in the training process: (1) the strengthening of collective union and peasant identity, (2) training in the “peasant” ideological proposal, and (3) the integration of students as new cadres into the organizations’ structures. It is concluded that the EAC is a useful tool in the ideological re-peasantization process of these organizations.

A new approach to bracket prediction in the NCAA Men’s Basketball Tournament based on a dual-proportion likelihood

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay Andrew Gupta
Keyword(s):  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Probability Model ◽  
Expected Value ◽  
Division I ◽  
Prediction System ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Men's Basketball ◽  
Popular Interest ◽  
The One

AbstractThe widespread proliferation of and interest in bracket pools that accompany the National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Men’s Basketball Tournament have created a need to produce a set of predicted winners for each tournament game by people without expert knowledge of college basketball. Previous research has addressed bracket prediction to some degree, but not nearly on the level of the popular interest in the topic. This paper reviews relevant previous research, and then introduces a rating system for teams using game data from that season prior to the tournament. The ratings from this system are used within a novel, four-predictor probability model to produce sets of bracket predictions for each tournament from 2009 to 2014. This dual-proportion probability model is built around the constraint of two teams with a combined 100% probability of winning a given game. This paper also performs Monte Carlo simulation to investigate whether modifications are necessary from an expected value-based prediction system such as the one introduced in the paper, in order to have the maximum bracket score within a defined group. The findings are that selecting one high-probability “upset” team for one to three late rounds games is likely to outperform other strategies, including one with no modifications to the expected value, as long as the upset choice overlaps a large minority of competing brackets while leaving the bracket some distinguishing characteristics in late rounds.

scholarly journals Low Self-Esteem and Selfie Posting Among Young Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-168
Author(s):  
Roberta Biolcati
Keyword(s):  
Impression Management ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Body Satisfaction ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Self-esteem is a critical factor in online impression management strategies and could play a crucial role in explaining women’s selfie-posting behaviours. Previous works examining relationships between self-esteem and self-presentation on social media have yielded controversial results. Objective: This study was performed to clarify the relationship between self-esteem and the frequency of taking and posting own, group and partner selfies on Social Networking Sites (SNS). Methods: A sample of 692 Italian young women (18-28 years old) completed questionnaires on self-esteem, satisfaction with life, body satisfaction and selfie posting bahaviours. The low self-esteem group was compared with the high self-esteem group. Results: Results showed that women with low self-esteem are more dissatisfied with their body image and life and significantly they post fewer types of selfies compared to women with high self-esteem. Conclusion: Findings from this study provide new insights into the relation between self-esteem and selfie impression management strategies.

Convergence between performance and amateur management of a social organisation

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
pp. 1493-1509
Author(s):  
Victor Meyer Jr ◽  
Diórgenes Falcão Mamédio ◽  
Alechssandra Ressetti Oliveira ◽  
Natália Brasil Dib
Keyword(s):  
Performance Management ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Community Values ◽  
Environmental Care ◽  
Ethnographic Interviews ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
And Performance

Purpose Understanding social organisations requires considerable effort because of their complex reality. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the performance and amateur form of management of an organisation of scavengers, with significant results for society. Design/methodology/approach This study is a qualitative in-depth case study. Data were collected through ethnographic interviews, non-participant observation and document analysis. The association of scavengers in question was identified as being strongly representative of the 23 similar associations in Curitiba. The city is the first Brazilian capital to create conditions for direct disposal of selective waste collected by waste pickers, as recommended by the National Solid Waste Policy. Findings Three main aspects of evidence are highlighted in the proposed model: unique features, performance management and multiplicity of practices. The findings showed a strong presence of utilitarian behaviour due to the need of the members of the organisation to generate income for survival, forcing social and environmental concerns into the background. The combination of community values, informal practices, collective learning and amateur management has had a positive effect on the social organisation’s performance. Social implications The outcomes were identified for individuals, the community and society by contributing to social inclusion, economic growth and environmental care. Originality/value The differentiated approach lies in the convergence between performance and amateur management in social organisations, with relevant environmental, economic and social results. A model is proposed to demonstrate the complex relationship between unique features, multiplicity of practices and performance with regard to the amateur management analysed in this study.

The Fathers' Rights Movement

1993 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 592-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
CARL BERTOIA ◽  
JANICE DRAKICH
Keyword(s):  
Family Law ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Document Analysis ◽  
Public Image ◽  
Law Reform ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Ethnographic Interviews ◽  
New Social Movement ◽  
Equitable Treatment

Family law reforms brought about a new social movement and lobby group—fathers' rights. This article, based on a 2-year study involving participant observation, ethnographic interviews, and document analysis examines the contradictions between the public and private rhetoric of fathers rightists. Thirty-two members from four fathers' rights groups were interviewed about their postdivorce parenting experiences, their personal troubles with family law practices, and their posturing on the fathers' rights' platform. The fatherhood project of family law reform, although viewed as serving all fathers, is primarily driven by fathers' personal stake in the issues and the hope of changing their current situation. The fathers in this study presented a uniform voice in support of the fathers' rights' public image of caring fathers who want men to be recognized as fathers and who are requesting equitable treatment in matters of child custody, support, and access. However, the interviews revealed that individual members did not support the full application of the concept of equality in postdivorce parenting, child care, and responsibilities.

Jewish Dating or Niche-making?

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Gromova
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Jewish Community ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Theoretical Idea ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
Ethnographic Interviews ◽  
Religious Couples

In this article I am approaching the topic of Jewish dating among the young Russian-speaking Jews who live in Berlin. Using the analytical concept of space and applying grounded theory, I am presenting data I collected in 2010 using the methods of ethnographic interviews and participant observation. The article is organised around three main questions. Firstly, I am interested in the motivation of my interviewees, who are generally children of inter-ethnic and inter-religious couples, to find a solely Jewish partner. Secondly, I am asking for existing strategies applied within a relatively small Jewish community of around thirty to fifty thousand in Berlin in order to find a Jewish partner. Thirdly, I am looking for the concrete spaces and places used or constructed for the purpose of finding a Jewish girlfriend or boyfriend. Beside these empirical results, I am introducing the theoretical idea of Jewish niches, which is discussed against the background of 'Jewish space' as promulgated by Diana Pinto.

scholarly journals The Effect of Role Ambiguity on Competitive State Anxiety

2003 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark R. Beauchamp ◽  
Steven R. Bray ◽  
Mark A. Eys ◽  
Albert V. Carron
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Role Ambiguity ◽  
Multidimensional Approach ◽  
Multidimensional Construct ◽  
Role Responsibilities ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Multidimensional Anxiety Theory ◽  
Role Behaviors

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between role ambiguity and precompetition state anxiety (A-state). Consistent with multidimensional anxiety theory (Martens, Vealey, & Burton, 1990), it was hypothesized that role ambiguity would be positively related to cognitive but not to somatic A-state. Based on the conceptual model presented by Beauchamp, Bray, Eys, and Carron (2002), role ambiguity in sport was operationalized as a multidimensional construct (i.e., scope of responsibilities, role behaviors, role evaluation, and role consequences) potentially manifested in each of two contexts, offense and defense. Consistent with hypotheses, ambiguity in terms of the scope of offensive role responsibilities predicted cognitive A-state (R2 = .19). However, contrary to hypotheses, offensive role-consequences ambiguity also predicted somatic A-state (R2 = .09). Results highlight the importance of using a multidimensional approach to investigate role ambiguity in sport and are discussed in terms of both theory advancement and possible interventions.

From commanding to serving athletes: Nurturing the coach–athlete relationship

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 891-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minjung Kim ◽  
Yukyoum Kim ◽  
Doyeon Won
Keyword(s):  
Servant Leadership ◽  
Sport Management ◽  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Leadership Behaviors ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Individual Growth ◽  
Ethical Development ◽  
Men's Basketball ◽  
Leadership Research

As one of the emerging themes in research on sport management leadership, servant leadership focuses on facilitating individual growth and moral development. The present study tested a hypothesized research model that demonstrates support for the effects of a head coach's servant leadership on athletes' ethical development and team outcome confidence through the quality that characterizes the coach–athlete relationship. We recruited 347 student-athletes of football teams and men's basketball teams who play under the Division I system of the US National Collegiate Athletic Association. Whereas the quality of the coach–athlete relationship partially mediated the association between servant leadership and ethical development, it fully mediated the paths from servant leadership to team outcome confidence. This study provides empirical support for the positive influence of servant leadership behaviors and advances an improved understanding of the role played by the aforementioned relationship quality in coaching leadership research.

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