scholarly journals Distal Femoral Rotational Axes in Indian Knees

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun B Mullaji ◽  
Amit K Sharma ◽  
Satyajit V Marawar ◽  
Anirudh F Kohli ◽  
Dharmendra P Singh
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Anatomic Landmarks ◽  
Transepicondylar Axis ◽  
Posterior Condylar Axis ◽  
Anteroposterior Axis ◽  
Whiteside’S Line ◽  
Posterior Condylar ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Posterior Condylar Angle

Purpose. To measure the angular relationships of distal femoral rotational axes in 100 normal Indian knees. Methods. 42 men and 8 women aged 26 to 40 (mean, 31) years, with 100 normal non-arthritic knees were recruited. Anatomic landmarks were measured using computed tomography. They included the posterior condylar axis, the transepicondylar axis, the anteroposterior axis (Whiteside's line), the posterior condylar angle (PCA), the Whiteside-epicondylar angle (W-EP), and the Whiteside-posterior condylar angle (W-PC). Results. The mean PCA, W-EP, and W-PC were 5°, 90.8°, and 95.8°, respectively. The mean femorotibial alignment was 179.6°. The differences between the left and right sides were significant only for the W-EP and W-PC. Only the PCA and W-EP were weakly correlated ( r=0.338, p=0.001). Conclusion. There are differences in distal femoral rotational axes among Indian, Caucasian, and Japanese knees. Our data can be used to evaluate changes in those axes in ageing or arthritic patients.

scholarly journals Computed tomography is not necessary to assess rotation of the femoral component in navigation-assisted total knee replacement

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1314-1322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Hernández-Vaquero ◽  
Alfonso Noriega-Fernandez ◽  
Ivan Perez-Coto ◽  
Manuel A. Sandoval García ◽  
Andres A. Sierra-Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Total Knee Replacement ◽  
Femoral Component ◽  
Knee Replacement ◽  
Transepicondylar Axis ◽  
Component Rotation ◽  
Preoperative Ct ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ct Data

Objective To demonstrate that postoperative computed tomography (CT) is not needed if navigation is used to determine the rotational position of the femoral component during total knee replacement (TKR). Methods Preoperative CT, navigational, and postoperative CT data of 70 TKR procedures were analysed. The correlation between the rotational angulation of the femur measured by CT and that measured by perioperative navigation was examined. The correlation between the femoral component rotation determined by navigation and that determined by CT was also assessed. Results The mean femoral rotation determined by navigation was 2.64° ± 4.34°, while that shown by CT was 6.43° ± 1.65°. Postoperative rotation of the femoral component shown by CT was 3.09° ± 2.71°, which was closely correlated with the angle obtained through the intraoperative transepicondylar axis by navigation (Pearson’s R = 0.930). Conclusions Navigation can be used to collect the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative data and final position of the TKR. The rotation of the femoral component can be determined using navigation without the need for CT.

scholarly journals A Study on Measurements of Different Dimensions of Maxillary Sinus by Computed Tomography in Adult Nepalese Population

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Umesh Prasad Khanal ◽  
Anupama Adhikari ◽  
Mukunda Prasad Humagain
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Anterior Wall ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Forensic Sciences ◽  
P Value ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Measurement of different dimensions of maxillary sinus and anterior wallthickness of maxillary sinus by Computed Tomography in normal Nepalese populationMethods: Dimensions of 90 patients were measured in CT PNS using Syngovia Software. AP diameter, width and anterior wall thickness were measured in axial images and height was measured in coronal images.Results: The mean volume of maxillary sinuses in study of male population on left and right side were 17.09 cm3±3.89, 17.19 cm3 ±4 respectively whereas in female were 15.64 cm3±3.5 and 15.21cm3±3.2 respectively as shown in Table 1. This shows the volume of male was significantly larger than female with P- Value = 0.012 (<0.05). Similarly, the thickness of Anterior Wall (AW) of maxillary sinus was also measured in this study and the mean value of left and right side in male were 0.16cm± 0.04 and 0.15cm± 0.03 respectively and in female were 0.12cm± 0.04 and 0.14cm± 0.02 respectively.Conclusion: This study showed that CT is a reliable method for the measurement of different dimensions of the maxillary sinus. The result showed greater mean value of volume in male than female with significant differences. So this study concluded that the measurement of volume of maxillary sinus can help in the identification of gender which can be very useful for forensic sciences.

The Feasibility Study of C1 Posterior Arch Crossing Screw Fixation in Adult Thai Population: A Computed Tomographic Morphometric Analysis Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-481
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Vertebral Artery ◽  
Screw Fixation ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Vertebral Artery Injury ◽  
Posterior Arch ◽  
Thai Population ◽  
Artery Injury ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Mean

Objective: Atlantoaxial instability can be caused by various etiologies and surgical fixation is often required. Various methods have been described for atlantoaxial fixation. Screw fixation is associated with an increased risk of vertebral artery injury especially in patients with an anomalous vertebral artery location or abnormal bony anomalies. A new C1 posterior arch crossing screw fixation technique was proposed to reduce the risk of vertebral artery injury. The present study aimed to assess morphometric CT analysis of atlas for C1 posterior arch crossing screw fixation in Thai people. Materials and Methods: The present research was an observational study that reviewed 150 computed tomography (CT) scans of the patients who had neck trauma or any other complaint requiring craniocervical investigations. Atlantoaxial articulation deformities due to trauma, infections, neoplasm, congenital anomaly, inflammatory disease, incomplete CT scan analysis, and history of surgical intervention of the cervical spine were excluded. All the images were measured for the height of the posterior tubercle, the width of the posterior arch was measured bilaterally in three parts on the axial plane, part 1: medial of the VA groove, where the arch transforms into the VA groove, part 2: the middle part between the posterior tubercle and medial of the VA, and part 3: posterior tubercle, length of the screw, and the screw projection angle was calculated. Results: Out of the 139 CT scans analyzed, the mean measurement of posterior arch height was 7.45±1.03 mm, wherein 73.3% exceed 7 mm. The mean width of the left posterior arch in part 1, 2, and 3 was 4.50±0.70 mm, 4.90±0.70 mm, and 5.70±0.80 mm, respectively, and the width of the right posterior arch in part 1, 2, and 3 was 4.50±0.70 mm, 4.80±0.70 mm, and 5.60±0.80 mm, respectively. The mean crossing screw length of the Left and Right was 17.02±3.04 mm and 17.37±2.75 mm, respectively. The mean angle of screw of the Left and Right was 24.62±3.38 degrees and 24.78±3.57 degrees, respectively. There were no significant differences in these variables between gender or sides (p>0.05) except the mean angle of the screw between gender (p<0.05). Conclusion: C1 posterior arch screw fixation is feasible in the adult Thai population. Preoperative thin-cut CT is essential for planning successful posterior arch crossing screws placement. Keywords: C1 posterior arch, Computed tomography, Crossing screw fixation

Relationship of the Posterior Condylar Line and the Transepicondylar Axis: A CT-Based Evaluation

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (07) ◽  
pp. 673-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Fitz ◽  
Daniel J. Johnson ◽  
Matthew J. Hartwell ◽  
Ryan Sullivan ◽  
Tyler J. Keller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Data ◽  
Tibial Slope ◽  
Three Dimension ◽  
Knee Angle ◽  
Transepicondylar Axis ◽  
Posterior Condylar ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Hip Knee Angle

AbstractPosterior condylar referencing, a common method for determining femoral axial orientation during total knee arthroplasty (TKA), relies upon an assumed consistent relationship between the posterior condylar line (PCL) and the transepicondylar axis (TEA) of 3 degrees rotation. A total of 3,010 computed tomography (CT) scans and three-dimension (3D)-reconstructions for presurgical creation of patient-matched TKA instrumentation were analyzed. Demographic data and five anthropometric measurements (hip–knee angle [HKA], distal femoral angle [DFA], proximal tibial angle [PTA], tibial slope [TS], and PCL–TEA relationship) were recorded for each scan. A logistic regression model was fit to assess interaction between the PCL–TEA relationship and demographic and radiological variables. The mean (standard deviation [SD]) PCL–TEA was +2.9 degrees (0.8 degree). The range varied between +0.5 and +16.5 degrees. In 2,758 knees (91.6%), the PCL–TEA was within 3 ± 1 degrees, whereas 252 knees (8.4%) fell outside this range. There were no significant demographic or anthropometric differences between those knees with PCL–TEA relationship between 3 ± 1 degrees and those falling outside that range. The posterior condyles of diseased knees undergoing TKA can be reliably used to indirectly reference the TEA of the distal femur with an error of only 1 degree in 92% of patients.

scholarly journals Evaluation of condyle-fossa relationships in adolescents with various skeletal patterns using cone-beam computed tomography

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-232
Author(s):  
Jong-Moon Chae ◽  
Jae Hyun Park ◽  
Kiyoshi Tai ◽  
Kyosuke Mizutani ◽  
Satoshi Uzuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Joint Space ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Skeletal Pattern ◽  
Lateral Space ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT Objectives: To evaluate the condyle-fossa relationship in adolescents with various skeletal patterns using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: CBCT images obtained in 120 adolescent patients were used for this study. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to 3 criteria: (1) age (early, middle, and late adolescence); (2) facial height ratio or Jarabak quotient (hyperdivergent, normodivergent, and hypodivergent); and (3) ANB classification (Class I, Class II, and Class III). Temporomandibular joint space (TMJS: AS, anterior space; SS, superior space; PS, posterior space; MS, medial space; LS, lateral space), width and depth of the condyle (MLT, mediolateral thickness; APT, anteroposterior thickness), articular slope (ArS) and vertical height of the fossa (VHF) were measured and compared using CBCT. Results: Differences in condyle-fossa relationships were not significantly different between male and female adolescents, but were significantly different (P &lt; .05) between left and right sides. The mean values showed no statistical differences according to age and skeletal pattern. Most measurements in the sagittal view showed that SS was the greatest, and the mean ratio of AS to SS to PS was 1.00 to 1.27 to 1.19, respectively. The mean values of coronal MS and LS were not significantly different. Conclusions: There were almost no statistical differences in the TMJS in adolescents across various factors except between left and right sides.

scholarly journals Consistency Between Posterior Condylar Axis (+3˚ external rotation) Line and Clinical Transepicondylar Axis Line in Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2_suppl2) ◽  
pp. 2325967117S0010
Author(s):  
Zeki Taşdemir ◽  
Hüseyin Bilgehan Çevik ◽  
Nurzat Elmalı ◽  
Özgür Baysal
Keyword(s):  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Transepicondylar Axis ◽  
Posterior Condylar Axis ◽  
Rotation Line ◽  
Posterior Condylar ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Primary Total Knee

Objectives: Purpose of this study is to as certain consistency between posterior condylar axis (PCA) + 3˚ external rotation line and clinical transepicondylar axis (cTEA) line in primary total knee arthroplasty cases. Materials-Methods: During surgery, following distal femoral cut PCA +3 degree external rotation line and cTEA line drawn on the distal femoral cutting surface by ruler and pencil. The both lines on distal femur were recorded by digital camera and relationship between lines was ascertained in reference to PCA +3 degree external rotation [parallel (P), Internal rotation (IR) and External Rotation (ER)]. Results: 9 knees of 9 patients [1 men, 8 women; average age 67 (59-80 age)] were constituted the study group. Evaluation results of the photographs revealed that clinical TEA line in comparison PCA +3 degrees external rotation line was ER in 9 knees (100%) whose mean angles 2.7˚ (1-6) and detected external roation with mean angle 4.7˚ (2-7) in 9 knees. Conclusion:: For determination of FC rotation in surgery setting, different results between cTEA and PCA + 3 degrees techniques possibly may due to disadvantages of techniques and anatomic variation of distal femur. Thus, using both techniques for check each other’s results seems unsafe. In custom made prosthesis, which can be done in the future it will be measured by CT. Keywords: Total knee arthroplasty, femoral component, rotational alignment, femoral transepicondylar axis, posterior condylar axis

scholarly journals Unbalanced atrioventricular septal defect with dominant right ventricle: diagnostic criteria, indications for biventricular correction, and results. A clinical observation series

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 347-354
Author(s):  
V. P. Didyk ◽  
V. A. Belov ◽  
O. N. Bukhareva ◽  
O. A. Laryutina ◽  
T. L.  Akobyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
Atrioventricular Septal Defect ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Biventricular Repair ◽  
Cavopulmonary Anastomosis ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Mean

Relevance: Surgical treatment for congenital heart disease (CHD) with borderline left ventricle (LV) dimensions is one of the most challenging issues in current pediatric cardiac surgery. Despite the prevailing general trend to the expansion of indications for biventricular repair of an unbalanced atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) with a dominant right ventricle (RV), the diagnostic criteria for imbalance, feasibility of radical repair and its functional results are intensively discussed in the literature.Aim: To present quantitative criteria for the assessment of the LV size which could serve as an indication for biventricular repair of the right dominant unbalanced AVSD.Materials and methods: We present a  series of 4  patients with AVSD and dominant RV, who underwent radical repair of the defect. The mean age of the patients was 2.4 years, and 3 of 4 had concomitant CHD: tetralogy of Fallot, double outlet right ventricle with pulmonary artery stenosis, and moderate hypoplasia of the aortic arch with subaortic stenosis. Three of 4 patients had previously undergone palliative interventions: two of them – pulmonary bending, one, the first stage of univentricular repair (atrioseptostomy, cavopulmonary anastomosis). Two children had been diagnosed with Down syndrome. The mean left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD) at baseline was 17.9 mm, corresponding to Z score of -5.4.Results: All four patients underwent biventricular repair of the defect with a  two-patch technique. In one case, it was supplemented with placement of the pulmonary trunk homograft prosthesis, in the other with pulmonary valve commissurotomy and cavopulmonary anastomosis due to moderate tricuspid valve stenosis and in the third case the mitral valve was replaced. In 3 patients pacemaker implantation was performed. The criterion for feasibility of complete septation was the ratio of the longitudinal dimensions of the left and right ventricles (LAR > 0.7), confirmed by computed tomography performed before the surgery. The mean LVEDD after surgery was 28.3 mm, corresponding to Z score of -0.8. At the time of the hospital discharge, the left and right atrioventricular valves insufficiency did not exceed 2 and 1 degrees, respectively.Conclusion: Computed tomography allows for accurate measurement and comparison of the longitudinal dimensions of the heart ventricles with LAR index as a tool for assessment of the LV size before the biventricular repair. An additional prospective study is required to objectify the data obtained and identify predictors of an unfavorable outcome of radical repair in patients with right dominant unbalanced AVSD.

scholarly journals Rotational assessment of distal femur and its relevance in total knee arthroplasty: analysis by magnetic resonance imaging

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 282-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabricio Bolpato Loures ◽  
Sebastião Furtado Neto ◽  
Robson de Lima Pinto ◽  
André Kinder ◽  
Pedro José Labronici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Distal Femur ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Transepicondylar Axis ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Posterior Condylar ◽  
The Mean

AbstractObjective:To define the distal femur rotation pattern in a Brazilian population, correlating such pattern with the one suggested by the arthroplasty instruments, and analyzing the variability of each anatomic parameter.Materials and Methods:A series of 101 magnetic resonance imaging studies were evaluated in the period between April and June 2012. The epidemiological data collection was performed with the aid of the institution's computed imaging system, and the sample included 52 male and 49 female patients. The measurements were made in the axial plane, with subsequent correlation and triangulation with the other plans. The posterior condylar line was used as a reference for angle measurements. Subsequently, the anatomical and surgical transepicondylar axes and the anteroposterior trochlear line were specified. The angles between the reference line and the studied lines were calculated with the aid of the institution's software.Results:The mean angle between the anatomical transepicondylar axis and the posterior condylar line was found to be 6.89°, ranging from 0.25° to 12°. For the surgical transepicondylar axis, the mean value was 2.89°, ranging from –2.23° (internal rotation) to 7.86°, and for the axis perpendicular to the anteroposterior trochlear line, the mean value was 4.77°, ranging from –2.09° to 12.2°.Conclusion:The anatomical transepicondylar angle showed mean values corresponding to the measurement observed in the Caucasian population. The utilized instruments are appropriate, but no anatomical parameter proved to be steady enough to be used in isolation.

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