The Role of Social Capital on the Searching Behaviours of a Job Seeker in the Multiple Labour Markets

2021 ◽  
pp. 232102222110514
Author(s):  
Hiep Truong Thanh ◽  
Hong Nguyen Thi Bich
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Reservation Wages ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The Social ◽  
Jel Classifications

This study aims to build a two-stage theoretical model to analyse the role of social capital on the searching behaviours of a job seeker in two different markets. As the advantage of the social capital in either market triggers the reservation wages in both two markets equally, the job seeker should prioritize his or her resources enhancing a larger amount of the social capital in a particular market. Consequently, the job seeker tends to search more intensively in the market where she or he has a higher level of social capital. That is the seeker can shorten the expected searching time. The proposed model also explains why the job seeker sometimes chooses the 2nd highest wage offer instead of the highest one. JEL Classifications: C02, D83, J64

scholarly journals Diversity Balancing for Two-Stage Collaborative Filtering in Recommender Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Zhang ◽  
Quanshen Wei ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Baojiao Wang ◽  
Wen-Hsien Ho
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Filtering ◽  
Recommender Systems ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The Social ◽  
Item List ◽  
Ranking Strategy ◽  
High Prediction ◽  
Optimization Mechanism

Conventional recommender systems are designed to achieve high prediction accuracy by recommending items expected to be the most relevant and interesting to users. Therefore, they tend to recommend only the most popular items. Studies agree that diversity of recommendations is as important as accuracy because it improves the customer experience by reducing monotony. However, increasing diversity reduces accuracy. Thus, a recommendation algorithm is needed to recommend less popular items while maintaining acceptable accuracy. This work proposes a two-stage collaborative filtering optimization mechanism that obtains a complete and diversified item list. The first stage of the model incorporates multiple interests to optimize neighbor selection. In addition to using conventional collaborative filtering to predict ratings by exploiting available ratings, the proposed model further considers the social relationships of the user. A novel ranking strategy is then used to rearrange the list of top-N items while maintaining accuracy by (1) rearranging the area controlled by the threshold and by (2) maximizing popularity while maintaining an acceptable reduction in accuracy. An extensive experimental evaluation performed in a real-world dataset confirmed that, for a given loss of accuracy, the proposed model achieves higher diversity compared to conventional approaches.

scholarly journals Social Capital: Higher Resilience in Slums in the Lagos Metropolis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3879
Author(s):  
Olabisi S. Obaitor ◽  
Taibat O. Lawanson ◽  
Marion Stellmes ◽  
Tobia Lakes
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Land Allocation ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Community Group ◽  
The Social ◽  
Structural Social Capital ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Slum Community

Different slums exhibit different levels of resilience against the threat of eviction. However, little is known about the role of the social capital of the slum community in this context. This study investigates the factors contributing to slum resilience in the Lagos Metropolis, Nigeria, through a social capital lens. This study first investigates land allocation in slums, then the available social capital, and subsequently how this capital influences resilience to the threat of eviction in slums. Data were collected in two slum communities, in Lagos, through in-depth interviews and focus groups discussion. This study shows that land allocation is done by the traditional heads, contrarily to the mandate of the Nigeria Land Use Act of 1978. Furthermore, there is a form of structural social capital through the presence of government registered community development associations in the slums; however, their activities, decision-making process and the perception of the residents’ towards their respective associations, differs. This led to differences in trust, social cohesion and bonding ties among residents of the slum, thereby influencing resilience to the threat of eviction in slums. Since community group associations, through the appointed executives, drive the efficient utilization of social capital in slums, this study therefore recommends their restructuring in order to support a sustainable solution to the threat of eviction in slums in Lagos.

The role of public libraries in the development of social capital in local communities – a theoretical study

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 184-196
Author(s):  
Maja Dorota Wojciechowska
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

PurposeSocial capital, understood as intangible community values available through a network of connections, is a factor in the development of societies and improving quality of life. It helps to remove economic inequalities and prevent poverty and social exclusion, stimulate social and regional development, civic attitudes and social engagement and build a civic society as well as local and regional identity. Many of these tasks may be implemented by libraries, which, apart from providing access to information, may also offer a number of services associated with social needs. The purpose of this paper is to present the roles and functions that libraries may serve in local communities in terms of assistance, integration and development based on classical social capital theories.Design/methodology/approachThe paper reviews the classical concepts of social capital in the context of libraries. It analyses the findings of Pierre-Félix Bourdieu, James Coleman, Francis Fukuyama, Robert Putnam, Nan Lin, Ronald Stuart Burt, Wayne Baker and Alejandro Portes. Based on their respective concepts, the paper analyses the role of the contemporary library in the social life of local communities. In particular, it focuses on the possible new functions that public libraries may serve.FindingsA critical review of the concept of social capital revealed certain dependencies between libraries and their neighbourhoods. With new services that respond to the actual social needs, libraries may serve as a keystone, namely they may integrate, animate and engage local communities. This, however, requires a certain approach to be adopted by the personnel and governing authorities as well as infrastructure and tangible resources.Originality/valueThe social engagement of libraries is usually described from the practical perspective (reports on the services provided) or in the context of research on the impact of respective projects on specific groups of users (research reports). A broader approach, based on original social theories, is rarely encountered. The paper draws on classical concepts of social capital and is a contribution to the discussion on possible uses of those concepts based on an analysis of the role of libraries in social life and in strengthening the social capital of local communities.

scholarly journals EKSISTENSI KEHIDUPAN BURUH GENDONG PEREMPUAN DI PASAR BERINGHARJO YOGYAKARTA

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Trina Melianingsih, Sheila Oksapariana a *
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Religious Activity ◽  
Know How ◽  
The Social ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Market Economics ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

The theme of this research is about the strategy of labor carriers (buruh gendong) to exist in facing the various life dynamics around the area of Beringharjo market, Yogyakarta. Researcher desire to know how the strategy or effort done by all labor in order to take care of themselves existence and also how the role of the social capital that playing in a part of its effort. Strategy can be formulated as effort to take care of themselves existence as labor carry on the back woman at Beringharjo market. Method used in this research is the descriptive qualitative method. In this research, there are six labors of women carriers (buruh gendong perempuan) that still active work around the area of Beringharjo market taken as the informant object. According to them, we know how their efforts and strategy done to take care of themselves existence in facing of the dynamics life at Beringharjo market. One of their strategies is join the labor group in the area of Beringharjo market. Sayuk Rukun Association directs under construction an institution which interest in charwoman activity. A lot of efforts developed, for example cooperation, saving and loan and religious activity which usually always continued with the activity of health service. In religious activity, it also gives some materials to add their knowledge. In this research found some factors related to the background of the existence of labor woman carriers (buruh gendong perempuan) and also efforts done to maintain themselves in facing of market economics.   Keyword: Existence, Labor, Woman Carrier

scholarly journals Assessment of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the poverty of households

2021 ◽  
Vol 11/1 (-) ◽  
pp. 37-39
Author(s):  
Olena POSHYVALOVA
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Exogenous Shocks ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The Social ◽  
National Economies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Information Basis

Introduction. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused grave and severe losses in many of the economies across the globe. The impact and the duration of the economic crisis occurring due to the pandemic among certain households is difficult to anticipate since the indeterminacy is being defined through the duration of the crisis and costs for the recovery of the economy. The purpose of the paper is to study theoretical aspects related to the assessment of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the poverty of households. Methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study are modern theories, concepts, hypotheses. Comparative analysis is used. The methodological and information basis of the work are scientific works, materials of periodicals, information resources. Results. The paper incorporates a content analysis of studies focusing on the economic impact of the COVID-19 on the development of national economies. The majority of studies assess economic implications of the COVID-19 however they are concentrated on the macroeconomic and financial impact of the Corona Crisis. The impact on national economies is subsequently reduced to the microlevel, specifically the social and economic impact on individuals. Nonetheless, there is a need for a microanalysis which may better describe the interrelation between sectors and countries (the effect of macroeconomic aggregate indicators) and supplement the macroanalysis, providing more relevant evaluations of the impact of the distribution of income, outline the authorities of households, the role of people's savings, determine the resilience of households. The work establishes main assumptions and restrictions of formulating the model of impact of social and economic implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on the poverty of households Conclusion. Taking into consideration the distribution of incomes for various sectors, the proposed model allows to ensure the assessment of losses in the consumption of households, savings depletion and time for their recovery. It has been proven that without the social protection of the population the Corona Crisis will lead to a massive economic shock for the national economy. Prospects of further studies lie in the assessment of the impact of indirect macro-level factors, role of indeterminacy in the decision-making of households and implications in case of numerous waves of social crisis as well as the possible effect in the condition of concurrent exogenous shocks.

scholarly journals Oddziaływanie programu LEADER na kapitał społeczny mieszkanek wsi

2014 ◽  
pp. 55-68
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Zajda ◽  
Elżbieta Psyk-Piotrowska
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Local Action ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
The Social ◽  
Science Centre ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Network Component ◽  
Action Groups

In the article there is an analysis of the impact of the LEADER approach on the social capital of rural women involved in the local action groups. The aim of the article is to characterize the features of this capital taking into consideration the capital belonging to men involved in these organizations. The question is whether the role of local action groups as far as the social capital is concerned equally applies to women and men associated in these structures. On the basis of the research carried out in 2011–2013 (on a sample of 238 women and 327 men) within the framework of the project entitled: “Structure and determinants of social capital of local action groups” (National Science Centre grant) women social capital analysis was made (with its definition by R. Putnam). In the social survey distributed surveys technique was used. The result of the analysis is a statement that women social capital differs from men social capital mainly in the area of trust component and network component.

Social Networking, Cyber Bullying, and the Role of Community Education

2013 ◽  
pp. 117-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Sofo ◽  
Francesco Sofo
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Education Program ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Community Education ◽  
Cyber Bullying ◽  
Australian Government ◽  
The Social

This chapter explores the link between social capital, the bullying that can occur via social networking sites, and community education. It becomes evident that social networking sites are influential sources of informal learning despite the published literature being somewhat divided on the sociological, psychological, and emotional benefits of social networking. Through the presentation of Australian statistics and case studies, the chapter demonstrates how social capital can be eroded through the misuse of social networking sites particularly in the form of cyber bullying. The Australian government has responded to the social impacts of cyber bullying by funding an extensive community education program. Through examining this program, it is possible to see how important it is to have effective and accessible community education regarding safe and responsible social networking.

scholarly journals New possibilities of identifying social capital for its use in sustainable rural development

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 57-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lošťák
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Sustainable Rural Development ◽  
New Methods ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World

In relation to sustainable rural development, the paper starts with the question of its conditions. One of them is social acceptance of various projects or programmes. This issue is joined with the co-ordination of human activities. The mechanism facilitating the co-ordination in contemporary societies is related to social capital. Its concept is outlined through the references to the basic literature about the topic. Using content analysis, based on the quantification of the categories created through the analysis of the literature about the topic, the social capital in selected municipalities is investigated. The main aim of the paper, however, is to show the role of this method in social capital fast identification. Although the approach necessitates further elaboration, it can be considered as the first important step in the practice of development activities. The background of the paper reflects the challenges of the World Bank concerning the elaboration and development of the new methods of measuring social capital.

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