scholarly journals Epidemiology of Pediatric Baseball and Softball Player Injuries

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 232596712110525
Author(s):  
Ali S. Farooqi ◽  
Alexander Lee ◽  
Eric Abreu ◽  
Divya Talwar ◽  
Kathleen J. Maguire
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Sports Injuries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Injury Surveillance System ◽  
Baseball Players ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Lower Extremity Injuries ◽  
Youth Baseball ◽  
Extremity Injuries ◽  
Head Neck

Background: Baseball and softball are popular sports in the United States and are responsible for a large number of youth sports injuries each year. Purpose: To investigate recent differences in youth baseball and softball injuries evaluated in nationwide emergency departments. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database was examined for softball and baseball injuries in pediatric patients (age, 7-21 years) from 2010 through 2019. Patients were classified as children (age, 7-13 years), adolescents (age, 14-18 years), or young adults (age, 19-21 years). Case narratives were used to categorize injuries as contact injuries (hit by bat or ball), field injuries (sliding into base, collision with another player, catching, or running), throwing injuries, or other. Results: An unweighted total of 24,717 baseball injuries and 13,162 softball injuries were recorded. A nationwide estimate of 861,456 baseball injuries and 511,117 softball injuries were sustained during the studied time period, with estimated respective injury rates of 86,146 and 51,112 per year. Injured softball players were most commonly adolescent (47%) and female (92%), while injured baseball players were most commonly children (54%) and male (90%). There was a greater proportion of baseball-related injuries involving the head/neck (41%) as compared with softball-related injuries (30%) ( P < .01). Conversely, a greater proportion of softball-related injuries involved the lower extremity (32%) as compared with baseball-related injuries (19%) ( P < .01). When comparing diagnosis, softball injuries were more often sprains/strains (28%) than baseball injuries (18%) ( P < .01). When comparing mechanisms of injury, baseball athletes were more likely to be evaluated with contact injuries than were softball athletes (49% vs 40%, P < .01). Conclusion: Youth baseball athletes were more likely to be injured through contact mechanisms and had a higher proportion of injuries related to the head/neck/face, whereas softball injuries more frequently involved the lower extremity and resulted in a sprain/strain. League guidelines should focus on reducing contact injuries within youth baseball, and injury-prevention programs should focus on reducing lower extremity injuries in youth softball.

scholarly journals PEAK LOWER EXTREMITY SOCCER INJURIES OCCUR IMMEDIATELY FOLLOWING GROWTH IN ADOLESCENTS: AN EPIDEMIOLOGIC REVIEW OF EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT VISITS

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4_suppl3) ◽  
pp. 2325967120S0021
Author(s):  
Aidan P. Wright ◽  
Aaron J. Zynda ◽  
Jane S. Chung ◽  
Philip L. Wilson ◽  
Henry B. Ellis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Emergency Departments ◽  
Skeletal Maturity ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
Emergency Department Visits ◽  
Injury Surveillance System ◽  
Lower Extremity Injuries ◽  
Extremity Injuries

BACKGROUND: Soccer has become the most popular youth sport in the world. Within the last decade, there has been limited epidemiologic research on pediatric soccer-related injuries based on sex and age. PURPOSE: To examine trends associated with soccer injuries presenting to emergency departments and to describe differences in injury pattern and location based on sex and age during periods of growth. METHODS: An epidemiologic study was conducted utilizing publicly accessible data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS). The NEISS compiles Emergency Department (ED) data on all injuries presenting to the approximately 100 participating network hospitals in the United States. Information on all soccer-related injuries occurring in ages 7-19 from January 2009 – December 2018 was extracted and summary statistics were calculated. RESULTS: Approximately 54,287 pediatric soccer-related injuries were identified. The average age for all injuries was 13.3 years, and males (60.50%) presented more often than females (39.50%). Concussions and head injuries (15.57%) were most commonly reported overall, with a greater percentage occurring in females than males (17.44% vs. 14.35%). The ankle (15.3%) was the second most common injury location with females also presenting more commonly than males (18.71% vs. 13.62%). Age and sex-based evaluation noted peaks in lower extremity injuries in females younger than in males. Both ankle (F=13-15 years, M=15-17 years) and knee (F=14 years, M=16 years) injuries peaked at ages coinciding with recognized sex-based lower extremity skeletal maturity (Figure 1). CONCLUSION: Peak pediatric soccer-related ankle and knee injuries presenting to emergency departments occur at different ages in females and males and appear to, on average, coincide with maturation (age 14 in females and 16 in males). Lower extremity injuries significantly increase nearing the completion of lower extremity growth, and may indicate appropriate timing for differential sex-specific injury prevention programs within soccer. [Figure: see text]

scholarly journals Using Motion Sensor Technology to Manage Risk of Injury in a Strength and Conditioning Program for Female Collegiate Athletes

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
John C. Garner ◽  
Lesley R. Parrish ◽  
Kimberly R. Shaw ◽  
Samuel J. Wilson ◽  
Paul T. Donahue
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Collegiate Athletes ◽  
Wearable Technology ◽  
Lower Extremity Injury ◽  
Extremity Injury ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Lower Extremity Injuries ◽  
Wearable Technologies ◽  
Extremity Injuries

Background of Study: Females generally have a 6-8 times higher risk for lower extremity injury compared to male counterparts due to biomechanical differences and/or poor landing strategies. In recent years, a great deal of focus has been placed on prevention and reduction of non-contact lower extremity injuries. This has spurred the development of assessment methods to determine how athletes move and tools with which those motions are measured. Efforts have been made to measure and quantify movement strategies, which have given rise to multiple movement tests and measurement devices. One approach is the use of wearable technologies used in conjunction with a movement screening. Objective: Demonstrate a practical approach of using wearable technologies to guide training regimens in a population of female athletes that would be considered at risk for lower extremity injuries. Methods: A cohort of Division I female volleyball athletes were screened using wearable technology then assigned an intervention based on screening results. Comparisons were made between injury rates during the season when the intervention was applied compared to previous seasons. Results: All lower extremity injury rates were reduced after the intervention was applied. Conclusions: The use of wearable technology aids in quantifying movement to then assign a strategic intervention to reduce injuries in an at risk athletic population.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF SPORTS PERFORMANCE RELATED INJURIES OF ELITE TRACK AND FIELD ATHLETES IN LITHUANIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (103) ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
Linas Rekus ◽  
Lina Simaškaitė ◽  
Egidijus Šakalys
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Sports Injuries ◽  
Track And Field ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Lower Extremity Injuries ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
One Year ◽  
Extremity Injuries

Background. Sports injuries have a huge impact on performance of athletes in competitions. A lot of athletes do not obtain full recovery after injuries, which leads to trauma recurrence or higher severity injuries. Being aware of dominating anatomical regions and frequencies of occurrence of these traumas could help to prevent it and to protect athletes’ health. Methods. In 2013 Lithuanian professional athletes were asked to fill in questionnaires developed by using standardized methodology validated by the IOC and implemented by the IAAF during international track and field competitions. Data were collected, processed and analysed. Results were obtained using statistical methods, significance level of p ≤ .05 was considered statistically significant. Results. We investigated 33 athletes- sprinters and throwers (javelin and discus throwers, shot putters). They had 57 cases of traumatic injuries in one year period (2012–2013). Results of the study showed that injuries of lower extremity statistically significantly dominated comparing with upper extremity and head/trunk in both fields of sport. Injuries by anatomical region were: lower extremity – 67%, upper extremity – 12%, head and trunk – 21%. Most of all were injured: hamstrings 23%, inguinal 10.5%, lumbar 13% area. Comparing traumas between throwers and sprinters groups lower extremity injuries statistically significantly dominated in sprinters group, while upper extremity had been injured only in the throwers’ group. Analysing severity of the injuries we noticed that moderate and mild injuries were dominating. Mild and moderate severity injuries appeared leading to a higher risk of re-injury than high severity traumas. Recurrence of the same injury was noticed only in the group of sprinters – 57.9% of sprinters repeatedly suffered mostly from hamstring and inguinal traumas. Conclusions. According to the results of this study, sports medicine physicians could predict potential localization and recurrence of injuries and collaborating with coaches and athletes prepare opportune training programs to avoid harm.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Upper Extremity Soccer Injuries Among High School– and College-Aged Players in the United States: An Analysis of the 1999-2016 NEISS Database

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 552-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley M. Durand ◽  
Avi D. Goodman ◽  
Patricia Giglio ◽  
Christine Etzel ◽  
Brett D. Owens
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Injury Surveillance System ◽  
Aged Patients ◽  
Lower Extremity Injuries ◽  
Extremity Injuries

Background: Although lower extremity injuries are more common than upper extremity injuries in high school– and college-aged soccer players, upper extremity injuries may be equally severe. The epidemiology of upper extremity injuries is poorly characterized in this population. Hypothesis: Upper extremity injuries are an important contributor to soccer-related morbidity among high school– and college-aged players. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) is a nationally representative sample of 100 hospital emergency departments (EDs). Each record contains demographic and injury information. Records from 1999 to 2016 were analyzed, including patients between the ages of 14 and 23 years with a soccer-related injury sustained at school or during an athletic event. Results: A total of 1,299,008 high school– or college-aged patients presented to the ED for a soccer-related injury from 1999 to 2016, of which 20.4% were in the upper extremity. Patients were predominantly male (58.0%) and high school–aged (81.4%). Males constituted a greater proportion of upper extremity injuries when compared with other injury locations (63.5% male for upper extremity). Upper extremity injuries were more likely to be fractures (43.7% vs 13.9%) and dislocations (7.1% vs 3.4%) and less likely to be strains/sprains (27.8% vs 56.6%). Males suffered more shoulder dislocations (81.8% males among patients with shoulder dislocation vs 57.8% among those with other injuries), finger dislocations (72.0% vs 58.0%), upper arm fractures (74.9% vs 57.6%), and forearm fractures (68.3% vs 57.3%). Conclusion: Upper extremity injuries are frequent in high school– and college-aged soccer players presenting to the ED. Efforts to reduce soccer-related injuries should include strategies targeting the upper extremity, perhaps reducing the incidence of high-energy falls. Clinical Relevance: Efforts to reduce soccer-related injuries should include strategies targeting upper extremity injuries, particularly among males and college-aged players.

scholarly journals Analysis of Sports Injury in Lower Extremities of High School Taekwondo Athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 11690
Author(s):  
Hyeri Oh ◽  
Hyosung Lim ◽  
Minsoo Jeon
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Sports Injuries ◽  
Knee Injuries ◽  
Sports Injury ◽  
Ankle Injuries ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Lower Extremity Injuries ◽  
Extremity Injuries ◽  
Competitive Activities

Sports injuries frequently occur in athletes during competitive activities and practice routines, and the causes include cumulative fatigue from repetitive training, lack of warm-up exercises, and absence of motivation during competition. We aimed to determine the frequency and characteristics of lower extremity injuries in high school Taekwondo athletes. This study evaluated lower extremity sports injuries in 473 high school Taekwondo athletes. We conducted frequency and cross analyses. The questionnaire tools were developed to identify the characteristics of lower extremity injuries in Taekwondo athletes. Results: For injury by person, thigh injuries and re-injuries were most frequent. In non-contact injury, ankle injuries and re-injuries were most numerous. In the men’s lightweight category, thighs were injured the most in injury by person and ankles suffered the most non-contact injuries. In the men’s heavyweight category, the number of knee injuries was highest in injury by person, and the number of ankle injuries was highest in non-contact injury. In the women’s lightweight category, thighs suffered a higher number of injuries by person, whereas ankles had the highest number of non-contact injuries. In the women’s heavyweight category, thighs had the highest number of injuries by persons, whereas ankles had the highest number of non-contact injuries. The causes of ankle injury in weight classes were different in the two sexes. Conclusion: In this study, we confirmed that the sports damage suffered by student athletes mainly occurs as injuries in training situations without opponents. Our findings could help formulate basic guidelines for preventing sports injury in Taekwondo.

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy for Lower-Extremity Soft-Tissue Sports Injuries

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 298-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia Kanhai ◽  
James M. Losito
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Hyperbaric Oxygen ◽  
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy ◽  
Oxygen Therapy ◽  
Sports Injuries ◽  
Lower Extremity Injuries ◽  
Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
Extremity Injuries

Lower-extremity injuries have become increasingly common as sports performance demands have risen. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is one method used to return athletes to competition as quickly as possible, but it has received criticism and lacks support. This review examines the literature on hyperbaric oxygen therapy and soft-tissue sports injuries. In the various studies, the location of the injury seemed to influence the effectiveness of treatment. Injuries at areas of reduced perfusion such as muscle–tendon junctions and ligaments seemed to benefit more from hyperbaric oxygen treatment than injuries at the muscle belly. Differences in the magnitude of the injury and in the time between injury and treatment may also affect outcomes. The authors sought to explore these variables as they relate to soft-tissue sports injuries and to weigh the benefits of hyperbaric oxygen therapy against its potential risks and high cost. More randomized controlled clinical trials with larger sample sizes must be conducted before hyperbaric oxygen can be established as a safe adjunctive therapy for soft-tissue sports injuries. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 93(4): 298-306, 2003)

scholarly journals Trampoline Related Injuries

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 2473011418S0021
Author(s):  
Jesse Doty ◽  
Ryan Voskuil ◽  
Rachel Swafford
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
The United States ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Lower Extremity Injuries ◽  
Patient Demographics ◽  
Included Patient ◽  
Period Data ◽  
Domestic Setting ◽  
Extremity Injuries

Category: Trauma Introduction/Purpose: Jump parks (or trampoline parks) have become one of the fastest growing recreational businesses in the United States. With their increasing popularity, notable changes in trampoline related injuries might be evident, particularly involving the lower extremity. There is no published data dedicated to adult trampoline injuries and little information regarding the safety profiles of commercial jump parks. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review including all patients sustaining trampoline related injuries presenting during a two-year period. Data collection included patient demographics and injury characteristics of trampoline injuries in the domestic setting and at commercial jump parks. Results: One hundred fifty patients (34%) sustained injuries at commercial jump parks versus 289 patients (66%) on home trampolines. Fifty-five percent of the jump park injuries were fractures/dislocations, compared to 44% of the home trampoline injuries. Eighteen adults sustained fractures or dislocations at the jump park (45%), while only five adults sustained fractures or dislocations using home trampolines (17%). Seventeen (94%) and 2 (40%) represented adult lower extremity injuries in jump parks and home trampolines respectively. In children, 47 (72%) of the jump park fractures/dislocations were lower extremity, and 41 (33%) of the home trampoline fractures/dislocations were lower extremity. Ten (9%) pediatric and 9 (23%) adult jump park patients required operative intervention, compared to 17 (7%) pediatric and 3 (10%) adult home trampoline patients requiring surgery. Conclusion: Emergency room visits, hospital admissions, and surgical intervention secondary to jump park related injuries are not uncommon in children and adults. There were a higher percentage of total fractures or dislocations, adult fractures, lower extremity fractures, and operative interventions among patients with commercial jump park injuries compared with those who sustained home trampoline injuries.

Implementation of the FIFA 11+ Injury Prevention Program by High School Athletic Teams Did Not Reduce Lower Extremity Injuries: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 2844-2852 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Slauterbeck ◽  
Rebecca Choquette ◽  
Timothy W. Tourville ◽  
Mickey Krug ◽  
Bert R. Mandelbaum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Prevention Program ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Lower Extremity Injuries ◽  
Injury Prevention Program ◽  
Extremity Injuries

Background: Lower extremity injuries are common in high school sports and are costly, and some have poor outcomes. The FIFA 11+ injury prevention program has been shown to decrease injuries in elite athletes by up to 72%. Hypothesis: High schools in which coaches implement the FIFA 11+ injury prevention program in their athletic programs will have a decreased incidence of lower extremity injuries compared with schools using their usual prepractice warm-up. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: Fourteen high schools that employed an athletic trainer were randomly assigned to either the FIFA 11+ group or control group (usual warm-up routine). Exposure to sports and injuries were recorded and used to determine the incidence rates of lower extremity injuries per athlete-exposure (AE). The FIFA 11+ program was implemented by coaches and complicance with the program recorded. Results: There were 196 lower extremity injuries among 1825 athletes in the FIFA 11+ group and 172 injuries among 1786 athletes in the control group (1.59 and 1.47 injuries per 1000 AEs, respectively; P = .771). The distribution of the types of injury in the 2 groups did not differ, but the body locations where the injuries occurred differed somewhat ( P = .051). The FIFA 11+ group had larger proportions of thigh and foot injuries, while the control group had higher proportions of knee and ankle injuries. Group differences in injury rates varied with sport ( P = .041 for interaction), but there were no significant differences in injury rates between the FIFA 11+ and control groups by sport, level of play, and sex. In the FIFA 11+ group, 62% of the coaches reported that their teams completed the full FIFA 11+ program at least once a week, and 32% reported that they completed it at least twice a week. Conclusion: This study did not demonstrate a reduction in lower extremity injuries in schools randomized to use the FIFA 11+ program compared with schools using their usual prepractice warm-up program. Coach-reported compliance with performing the FIFA 11+ program at least twice a week was low.

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