The influence of special physical fitness of athletes on the level of technique of playing beach volleyball

Background and Study Aim. Aim is to determine the influence of the components of special physical training on the effectiveness of certain elements of the game technique during the competitive activities of beach volleyball athletes. Material and methods. The study involved athletes (n = 20, age - 17-21 years, experience - 8-9 years), who are engaged in beach volleyball (Kherson, Ukraine). Experts (n = 5, work experience - over 20 years) from among the leading volleyball specialists were involved. Training sessions were conducted according to the author’s structure and content of special physical training (preparatory period of the annual cycle). The author's program was to increase the volume of athletic work by 10% (selective classes and integrated work) and 17% (complex classes). The classes used a developed special training device. The device is designed to practice practical game skills. The load at the first stage was 70-80% of the maximum. The load in the second stage was 80-90% of the maximum. Results. Significant (p <0.05) development of explosive power, speed and agility was revealed. There is a significant (p <0,05) increase: in the number of jump serve and spike; improving the quality/number of serve and attack; improving the quality of passing and the number of blocks. Conclusions. The proposed structure and content of special physical training and exercises on a special simulator have significantly increased the level of development of physical qualities. The athlete training program helped to improve the effectiveness of certain technical actions during competitive activities.

Fluorescence-Based On-Resin Detection of Three Model Proteases

A new approach to on-resin detection of three model proteases (trypsin, chymotrypsin, and thrombin) has been developed, while at the same time already described methodology for simultaneous detection of two enzymes (trypsin and chymotrypsin) has been additionally generalized. Appropriate immobilized substrates, comprising specifically cleavable peptide sequences capped with fluorescent dyes, have been synthesized on Rink Amide PEGA resin or Amino PEGA resin modified with backbone amide linker (BAL). Resulting solid support-bound probes were then dispersed into Tris-HCl buffer solution (pH = 8.0) and subjected to enzymatic cleavage. Liberated fluorophores have been tracked by fluorescence measuring. The competitive activities of studied proteases towards the thrombin probe have been efficiently limited and controlled by employing a Bowman-Birk inhibitor into a system.

Analysis of Sports Injury in Lower Extremities of High School Taekwondo Athletes

Sports injuries frequently occur in athletes during competitive activities and practice routines, and the causes include cumulative fatigue from repetitive training, lack of warm-up exercises, and absence of motivation during competition. We aimed to determine the frequency and characteristics of lower extremity injuries in high school Taekwondo athletes. This study evaluated lower extremity sports injuries in 473 high school Taekwondo athletes. We conducted frequency and cross analyses. The questionnaire tools were developed to identify the characteristics of lower extremity injuries in Taekwondo athletes. Results: For injury by person, thigh injuries and re-injuries were most frequent. In non-contact injury, ankle injuries and re-injuries were most numerous. In the men’s lightweight category, thighs were injured the most in injury by person and ankles suffered the most non-contact injuries. In the men’s heavyweight category, the number of knee injuries was highest in injury by person, and the number of ankle injuries was highest in non-contact injury. In the women’s lightweight category, thighs suffered a higher number of injuries by person, whereas ankles had the highest number of non-contact injuries. In the women’s heavyweight category, thighs had the highest number of injuries by persons, whereas ankles had the highest number of non-contact injuries. The causes of ankle injury in weight classes were different in the two sexes. Conclusion: In this study, we confirmed that the sports damage suffered by student athletes mainly occurs as injuries in training situations without opponents. Our findings could help formulate basic guidelines for preventing sports injury in Taekwondo.

Comparative analysis of the performance of highly qualified male and female judokas following the results of the XXXII Summer Olympic Games – 2020

According to the results of the analysis of scientific-methodical, special and reference literature (monitoring of Internet sources) it is established, that the issue of analytical and statistical review (comparative analysis) of technical and tactical training of judokas and highly qualified judokas is devoted to the insufficient number of scientific and methodological works, which requires further research and emphasizes the relevance and practical component of the chosen area of scientific research. The main purpose of the study is to conduct a comparative analysis of the technical and tactical arsenal of highly qualified male and female judokas (champions and winners of the XXXII Summer Olympic Games 2020, Tokyo, Japan). In the process of research and analytical work, the following methods of theoretical research were used: axiomatic, idealization, historical and logical, convergence from the specific, formalization (mathematical and statistical), and so on. As a result of the study, members of the research group conducted a comparative analysis of the technical and tactical arsenal of highly qualified male and female judokas (champions and winners of the XXXII Summer Olympic Games 2020, Tokyo, Japan). In order to increase the effectiveness of competitive activities of Ukrainian athletes (men and women) who specialize in judo at different stages of their long-term training, it is advisable to focus the attention of leading coaches on the development of appropriate training programs (pedagogical models) that provide: perfect mastering by Judoists of theoretical aspects of current rules of judo; increasing the number and variety of attacking and defensive techniques; increasing the coefficient of reliability of technical and tactical actions (combinations); development of tactile sensitivity and coordination; formation of high psychophysical readiness for long-term competitive activity (high training loads), etc.

Health direction of section on table tennis

The article is devoted to the formation of a versatile harmoniously physically developed personality, ready for active creative self-realization in the space of universal human culture. The article discusses the health-improving orientation of table tennis lessons among students. Table tennis is one of the means of physical development, increasing the role of physical culture in the upbringing of student youth, health promotion, increasing in the volume of physical activity of students, developing their physical qualities and improving physical fitness, instilling skills in a healthy lifestyle Training efficiency depends on the degree of rational organization of closeness of employments, optimal dosage of loading, account of individual features of stu-dents. Depending on these factors and stage of preparation, employments can be conducted by means of different organizational forms (group, individual, frontal forms of training). The work of the table tennis section contributes to the development of basic physical qualities, the formation of vital motor skills and abilities, the development of coordination abilities and special psychophysical qualities, such as reaction, attention, thinking. The game contributes to the upbringing of a harmoniously developed personality, aimed at long-term preservation of a high level of general performance, upbringing of positive personality traits, collective interaction and cooperation in educational and competitive activities. The main advantage of table tennis is that it is a game. The game can be viewed as a kind of model of the elements of real life, reproducing the practical behavior of a person within the boundaries of predetermined conditions.

Formation and main directions of development of Grappling in Ukraine

Purpose: identify the socio-historical foundations of the formation and main directions of development of Grappling in Ukraine. Marterials and methods. The following methods were used in the study: analysis of literary and informational digital sources, normative documents; historical method; method of analogies; system analysis; comparative-historical method. Results: the analysis of literature sources and normative documents on the conditions of formation and development of Grappling in Ukraine is carried out. It has been found that martial arts such as Kyokushin Kaikan karate, VTKA kickboxing, mixed martial arts (MMA), Ukrainian belt wrestling, hopak hand-to-hand combat, taekwondo, and beach wrestling have been officially recognized as sports over the last decade. Among the recognized sports since 2017 is grappling. The formation and development of grappling in Ukraine are directly related to the activities of the Federation of Pankration of Ukraine. Mainly thanks to this organization, the grappling federation of Ukraine was created. In recent years, a powerful National Grappling Team has been formed, which currently numbers 64 people. The development of normative documentation on the sport ensured the holding of competitions and the opening of grappling branches in children's youth sports schools. The planned funding for training camps and competitions for 2021 has increased almost threefold compared to 2020. Conclusions. The following main socio-historical principles of formation and development of Grappling as a sport in Ukraine are determined: active development of this sport in the world; active work of international organizations, such as Submission Fighting World Federation, United World Wrestling, NAGA, Grapplers Quest, International Amateur Wrestling Federation, International Federation of Associated Wrestling Styles and others; creation of the Federation of Pankration of Ukraine and inclusion of grappling as an amateur discipline in the program of competitions in pankration; close cooperation of the Grappling Federation of Ukraine with the International Organization UWW; creation of a grappling federation in Ukraine and its branches. Among the main areas of Grappling development in Ukraine should be noted competitive activities and education. The development of grappling is evidenced by the growth of financial support from the state. Keywords: Grappling international organizations, pankration, Grappling Federation of Ukraine.

Participation tactics of elite freestyle wrestlers in competition system in 2013-2016 Olympic cycle

Background and Study Aim. Tactics is one of the basic terms underlying the management of competitive activities of athletes. In freestyle wrestling, the participation tactics of athletes in the competition system is covered fragmentally and needs proper justification. The purpose of the study was to determine the features of the participation tactics of elite athletes in the competition system in freestyle wrestling during 2013-2016 Olympic cycle. Materials and Methods. This study analyzes the dynamics of performances and results of 24 elite freestyle wrestlers who won gold, silver and bronze medals at the Games of XXXI Olympiad 2016 in Rio de Janeiro in different weight categories (four athletes in each of six weight categories). To do this, we used athletes’ individual profiles on the United World Wrestling. Used an expert assessment devoted to the issues of tactics and tactical training. The experts (n = 8) were well educated (3 among them held Ph.D. diplomas) and experienced – 2 coaches of Ukrainian national team, and 1 athlete–national team’s member. On average, experts had almost 10 years of experience in training wrestlers of different ages. The results were processed using Microsoft Excel software. Results. The volume of competition practice of elite athletes during 2013-2016 changed in each season. In the 2013 season, the average group number of competitions in which athletes participated was 3.84 ± 2.06, in 2014 – 3.50 ± 1.79. In the 2015 season, those indicators were the highest – 4.17 ± 1.87, but in 2016 they decreased to 3.71 ± 1.52. The participation tactics in the competition system in freestyle wrestling during the season and the four-year cycle differed depending on the dynamics of sports results. Four types of tactics used by the elite athletes in freestyle wrestling in 2013-2016 were identified: leadership holding, gradual improving of results, combined, leadership returning. It was found that during 2013-2016, most athletes (58.33-79.17%) used a variety of tactics that involved performances in one Olympic weight category. In 2014 and 2015, some athletes (20.83 and 25.00%, respectively) used different options in other weight categories, choosing one of them as a priority and one or two – as additional. Conclusions. There are four types of participation tactics in the competition system in freestyle wrestling. In 2013-2016 Olympic cycle they included leadership holding, gradual increase of results, combined, leadership return. The main differences between types of tactics are the volume of competition practice, the dynamics of results, the choice of weight category. The most relevant was the type of tactics with performances exclusively in the Olympic weight category during four seasons.

Ways of improving the method of control of coordination preparation of young athletes in playing sports

Today, there is a further increase in the demands for the effectiveness of competitive activities of athletes in playing sports. This, in turn, requires improving the individual skills of players. The factor of «technical-coordination» is one and the most important for achieving high sports results in sports games. Analysis of the scientific literature shows that there are no uniform standardized criteria for assessing the coordination abilities of young athletes. In the training process of representatives of play sports, mainly comprehensive tests are used to evaluate coordination preparedness, in which it is very difficult to assess the degree to which some form of coordination capability has been developed. When designing a test program to assess the coordination skills of players, it is necessary to rely on tests that assess the types of coordination abilities that are most relevant to a particular sport specialization. Given the difficulty of using instrumentation methods to study the coordination of movements in the daily training activities of players, motor tests continue to be the main way to assess the coordination abilities of young athletes in playing sports. This requires further improvement in their informativeness and reliability.

Relationships between the heart rate of badminton players 10-12 years in a competitive activity

An integral indicator that helps to regulate the parameters of external load for badminton athletes is the heart rate. Considering the requirements for physical preparation and significant interdependence with the functionality of young athletes, we consider it appropriate and informative to determine this indicator in the dynamics of competitive activities and to establish the relationship of these data. Purpose: to establish the relationship between heart rate indicators within the competitive activities of Ukrainian badminton players d 10-12 years at the stage of preliminary basic preparation. Methods: theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological data to clarify the problem field of research, pedagogical observations of heart rate indicators during the competitive activities of Ukrainian badminton players 10-12 years, methods of mathematical statistics for processing the data. During 2019, competitive activities were analyzed with the participation of 67 badminton players 10-12 years in competitions of the national level. Results. The essence of the impact of physical activity on the organism of badminton players 10-12 years was determined by zones. The first zone provided for the indicators to be in the range of 124 beats/min., the second – 125−145 beats/min., the third – 146−166 beats/min., the fourth –167−187 beats/min. and the fifth – more than 188 beats/min. After analyzing the data, the correlation coefficient between 16 groups of data was determined. It was reflected certain characteristics of the heart rate in the conditions of competitive activity. Conclusions. The correlations of heart rate indicators within the competitive activity of Ukrainian badminton players 10-12 years at the stage of preliminary basic preparation was established. These correlations indicated that with increasing stay of athletes in the fifth zone of heart rate decreases duration and share of stay in the first-third zones of heart rate. At the same time the indicators of average and maximum heart rate of athletes in the conditions of competitive activity increase. In all load zones (according to heart rate) there is a high level of density between the indicator of absolute duration and the relative share of stay in the corresponding load zone (r = 0.89−0.92).

Criteria, Levels of Readiness of Specialists of Physical Education and Sports to use the Technique of Kinesiological Taping in Professional activity

According to the Results of Theoretical and Empirical Research, today the urgency of forming the Readiness of Specialists in Physical Education and Sports to use the Technique of Kinesiological Taping in Professional activities. This will accelerate the recovery Process of athletes at the stage of their Physical Therapy, as well as ensure Successful Competitive activities. The Main Purpose of Scientific Research is to determine the Criteria, Indicators and Levels of Readiness of Specialists in Physical Education and Sports to use the Technique of Kinesiological Taping in Professional activities (on the Example of coaches who Specialize in Martial Arts). During the Research and Analytical work, the following Methods of Theoretical Research were used: axiomatic, idealization, formalization, historical and logical, convergence from the concrete, and so on. As a Result of Theoretical Research, members of the Research Group defined "Criteria" (motivational, semantic, analytical and evaluative), corresponding applied "Indicators", "Approaches" (activity, personality-oriented, complex, systemic, structural) and "Levels" (high, sufficient, satisfactory) Formation of Readiness of Specialists of Physical Education and Sports to use the Technique of Kinesiological Taping in Professional activity.