Measuring University Students’ Perceptions About the Role of Self-efficacy on Entrepreneurial Intentions in Cape Town

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-232
Author(s):  
Vivence Kalitanyi ◽  
Edwin Bbenkele
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
University Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cape Town ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Multivariate Tests ◽  
Data Collection Instrument

Entrepreneurial self-efficacy is best perceived as a multidimensional variable built from individuals’ beliefs about their abilities and capabilities for tackling the challenges and nurture entrepreneurial intentions towards the establishment of a new venture. Numerous studies are unanimous about the insufficient level of entrepreneurship in South Africa, as well as its below average total entrepreneurial activity of 7.8per cent compared to all efficiency-driven economies (developed countries) which have 11.4 per cent of activity. This study conducted in Cape Town—South Africa—aims at identifying the factors of self-efficacy and the role self-efficacy plays in rising entrepreneurial intentions among university students. Data were collected with the use of a questionnaire survey, where entrepreneurship students were the respondents. SPSS 22 was used to conduct bivariate and multivariate tests of statistical significance. The reliability of the data collection instrument was tested with the use of Cronbach’s Alpha and the variable of self-efficacy scored a reliability level of 0.877. The validity was ensured by the assessment of the instrument by two statisticians and two academics who are experts in their fields. The findings reveal the existence of a positive relationship between entrepreneurship university students’ self-efficacy and their entrepreneurial intentions. Recommendations to enhance self-efficacy among students and other aspiring business people have been formulated.

scholarly journals Social values as determinants of entrepreneurial intentions among university students in Cape Town – South Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivence Kalitanyi ◽  
Dick Jacobus (Kobus) Visser
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
University Students ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cape Town ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Cape Peninsula

An empirical study was conducted in Cape Town – South Africa – to determine whether social values (family, parents’ work and education) have an impact on entrepreneurship students in the universities of Cape Town, University of Stellenbosch, and University of the Western Cape, as well as Cape Peninsula University of Technology. The paper reviewed the literature about the role social values plays in the people’s lives. Respondents were the entrepreneurship university students. Data were collected in classrooms, and, in most cases, with the facilitation of both the lecturer and the researcher. Bivariate and multivariate tests of statistical significance were conducted, while Cronbach’s Alpha was used to measure the reliability of the research tool. Findings suggest that social values of the university students have an impact on their entrepreneurial intentions. The paper ends with recommendations to universities, entrepreneurship lecturers, parents, government and businesses, as well as civil society organizations. Keywords: social values, entrepreneurship intentions, university students, Cape Town. JEL Classification: Y4

scholarly journals Assessing the role of socio-economic values on entrepreneurial intentions among university students in Cape Town

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivence Kalitanyi ◽  
Edwin Bbenkele
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cape Town ◽  
Coefficient Alpha ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Economic Values ◽  
Multivariate Tests ◽  
Civil Society Organisations ◽  
The Government ◽  
The University

Background: This article presents the findings of an empirical fieldwork study conducted in Cape Town, South Africa.Aim: The aim of the study was to establish how socio-economic values (income, economic development, employment or unemployment in the university students’ direct environment) shape their entrepreneurial intentions.Setting and method: The study was built on Ajzen’ psychological model on entrepreneurial intentions, and used a semi-structured questionnaire to collect data from 274 entrepreneurship university students. Cronbach’s alpha was used to measure the reliability of the questionnaire, where six variables out of nine, had a coefficient alpha of more than 0.7, while the remaining three had a coefficient alpha of between 0.5 and 0.7. This instrument was assessed by both statisticians and academics who are experts in their fields to ensure its validity. Multivariate tests of statistical significance were conducted, where correlation and regression statistics were used to analyse the data.Results: Findings suggest that socio-economic factors have an impact in shaping entrepreneurial intentions of the university students.Conclusion: The study formulates the recommendations to the government, businesses, civil society organisations as well as the community within which students live.

Exploring Entrepreneurial Activity at Cape Town and Stellenbosch Universities, South Africa

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-128
Author(s):  
Rachel Jafta ◽  
Ramazan Uctu
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Cape Town ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Transfer Of Technology ◽  
Market Opportunities ◽  
China Studies ◽  
Interview Survey

Entrepreneurial activity at universities, especially spin-off formation, has emerged as an important mechanism for accelerating the transfer of technology and knowledge to commercial markets. With some exceptions, such as China, studies on university entrepreneurship have tended to concentrate on the experiences of developed countries. Perhaps because of the lack of a comprehensive database of university spin-offs, studies on experience in South Africa have typically included spin-offs only as part of a broad examination of university–industry partnerships, technology transfer mechanisms or academic entrepreneurship. This study is based on a questionnaire and interview survey of spin-offs at Cape Town and Stellenbosch Universities. The results suggest that the most important reasons cited for spin-off formation are market opportunities and a desire for commercial exploitation of knowledge and experience. As with university spin-off founders elsewhere, funding is regarded as the most significant problem, followed by such factors as recruiting skilled people, lack of facilities, product marketing and time pressure. It is argued that this exploratory study provides lessons and insights that will inform similar, future research on a larger scale.

Classroom interdisciplinary diversity and entrepreneurial intentions

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (7/8) ◽  
pp. 832-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Padilla-Angulo ◽  
René Díaz-Pichardo ◽  
Patricia Sánchez-Medina ◽  
Lovanirina Ramboarison-Lalao
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of classroom interdisciplinary diversity, a type of classroom diversity that has been under-examined by previous literature, on the formation of university students’ entrepreneurial intentions (EI). Design/methodology/approach Based on Ajzen’s theory of planned behaviour and the interactionist model of creative behaviour by Woodman et al. (1993), this paper provides empirical evidence demonstrating that classroom interdisciplinary diversity is important in the formation of university students’ EI at early educational stages using a cross-sectional study design and survey data on first-year business school students and partial least squares analysis. Findings Classroom interdisciplinary diversity is important in the formation of university students’ EI through its positive impact on entrepreneurial perceived behavioural control (PBC) (self-efficacy), a key antecedent of EI. Practical implications The results have important implications for educational practice as well as for both public and private organisations willing to promote entrepreneurial activity, in particular, the positive effects of combining people with different profiles and career fields of interest on entrepreneurial PBC (self-efficacy). Originality/value This study contributes to the scant literature on early university experiences in entrepreneurship education and their influence on EI. It studies the impact of an under-examined dimension of diversity (classroom interdisciplinary diversity) on the formation of students’ EI.

scholarly journals A Measure of Entrepreneurial Behavior of University Students: A Theory of Planned Behavior Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-156
Author(s):  
Khasan Setiaji
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
University Students ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
State University ◽  
Entrepreneurial Behavior ◽  
Student Entrepreneurship ◽  
Contextual Environment

Higher education institutions should be able to change the mindset of students who are not only as job seekers, but also job creators especially when educated unemployment in Indonesia increases every year. Entrepreneurship is one solution in tackling unemployment and poverty which will encourage national economic growth. This study examines the effect of self-efficacy and contextual environment on entrepreneurial behavior with entrepreneurial intention as an intervening variable using Theory of Planned Behavior. The subjects of this study were Semarang State University students who owned a business and joined the UNNES Student Entrepreneurship Center (UNSEC) and Himpunan Pengusaha Muda Indonesia Perguruan Tinggi (HIPMI PT) Semarang State University totaling 310 students. The results showed a direct relationship between self-efficacy and contextual environment towards entrepreneurial behavior and indirect relationships through entrepreneurial intentions. It was proved by the moderating role of entrepreneurial intention in facilitating the relationship of self-efficacy and contextual environment to student entrepreneurial behavior in accordance with the Theory of Planned Behavior. Future studies can use elements of social and demographic psychology that are more complete and involve a wider population.

Entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intentions of university students in Vietnam: the mediating roles of self-efficacy and learning orientation

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-133
Author(s):  
Giang Hoang ◽  
Thuy Thu Thi Le ◽  
Anh Kim Thi Tran ◽  
Tuan Du
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
University Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Learning Orientation ◽  
Hierarchical Regression Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThis study aims to explore the mediating roles of self-efficacy and learning orientation in the relationship between entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intentions of university students in Vietnam.Design/methodology/approachThe data were collected from an online survey of 1,021 university students in Vietnam. The authors conducted a hierarchical regression analysis to test the hypotheses.FindingsThe results of hierarchical regression analysis reveal that entrepreneurship education positively affects entrepreneurial intentions, and this relationship is mediated by both learning orientation and self-efficacy.Research limitations/implicationsThis study confirms the importance of entrepreneurship education in encouraging university students' entrepreneurial intentions.Practical implicationsThis study offers practical implications for universities and policy makers.Social implicationsThis study is one of the first to empirically examine the concept of entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intentions in an Asia-Pacific context.Originality/valueThis study emphasises the significance of entrepreneurship education and its effects on university students' entrepreneurial intentions. Furthermore, the findings confirm that self-efficacy and learning orientation play an important part in explaining how entrepreneurship education relates to entrepreneurial intentions.

Intention towards social entrepreneurship of university students in an emerging economy: the influence of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurship education

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-151
Author(s):  
H.M. Kamrul Hassan
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Entrepreneurial Education ◽  
Content Type ◽  
University Support

Purpose Entrepreneurial intention plays a crucial role in the research and application of social entrepreneurship (SE). The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of the factors affecting students’ intention towards social entrepreneurship (ISE). The study has taken entrepreneurial self-efficacy, along with entrepreneurial education, entrepreneurial network and perceived university support that have an impact on intentions, which instills interest amongst students in being future entrepreneurs. Design/methodology/approach Data were primarily taken from a survey of 380 university students from public and private universities in Chattogram, the business capital of Bangladesh. Students were preliminarily selected, focussing on different profiles such as male/female, age, socio-economic status, education level, university status and employment level. Initially, using factor analysis factors were analyzed and later multiple regression analysis was used to identify the relationship with ISE. Findings The study on the student reveals that four aspects significantly impacted the preference of students’ ISE. This study reinforces the influence of entrepreneurial self-efficacy, along with entrepreneurial education, as the factors contributing to aid young graduates recognizing and fostering an ISE. Entrepreneurial networks and perceived university support were found to have no association with social entrepreneurial intentions. Originality/value This paper contributes to the understanding of the factors and provides a basis for explaining factors that affect the intention of students towards SE. It can contribute to future research related to social entrepreneurial intention. Furthermore, it was concluded that forming social entrepreneurial intention is highly influenced by entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurship education.

Combining the social cognitive career theory, contextual factors and entrepreneurship education programs in intention-based model: a tale of two diverse regions

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hina Munir ◽  
Sidra Ramzan ◽  
Miao Wang ◽  
Yasir Rasool ◽  
Muhammad Saleem Sumbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Social Cognitive Career Theory ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Career Theory ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Contextual Support ◽  
Social Cognitive Career

Purpose Drawing on the entrepreneurial event model (EEM), entrepreneurship education programs (EEPs) and perceived contextual support (adapted from social cognitive career theory) and perceived contextual barriers, this study aims to unravel the differences in entrepreneurial activity among university students in higher education institutes in two diverse Asian countries. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a cross-sectional survey-based data collection technique using paper and electronic methods. The study analyzes data using descriptive statistics, principal component analysis, reliability analysis and logistic regression analysis via SPSS version 25. Findings The findings show the positive influence of perceived desirability and feasibility on entrepreneurial intentions; however, the stronger desirability was found among university students in China and stronger feasibility toward entrepreneurial intentions among Pakistani students. The study reveals the negative significant influence of EEPs on entrepreneurial intentions, and this finding is consistent across both samples. Furthermore, the findings show that university students in both countries show insignificant impact of perceived contextual support in predicting entrepreneurial intentions. Finally, the study confirms the negative influence of perceived barriers on entrepreneurial intentions in both contexts. Originality/value This study provides differences in entrepreneurial activity by combing EEM, EEPs, perceived contextual support and barriers in two diverse Asian countries, and to the best of author’s knowledge, no previous study considered these factors in a single framework. Furthermore, the findings of the study enrich existing literature and also provide policy recommendations for practitioners.

scholarly journals Students’ entrepreneurial regulation and intention to become an entrepreneur: A comparison between public and private universities

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. A.L. Pihie ◽  
A. Bagheri
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Private Universities ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Promotion Focus ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
University Environment ◽  
Whole Process

Motivation and ability to orient ones’ knowledge, thought and behavior to accomplish entrepreneurial goals and tasks has recently termed as entrepreneurial regulation. Entrepreneurial regulation strongly affects the whole process of new venture creation and specifically entrepreneurial opportunity exploration that is the first step in the entrepreneurship process. However, few researchers examined the construct particularly among potential entrepreneurs such as university students. This study aims to measure self-regulation (promotion focus), entrepreneurial self-efficacy and intention to become an entrepreneur among university students. 722 students from both public and private universities were randomly selected as the participants based on the assumption that entrepreneurship education and training programs and university environment highly influence the development of entrepreneurial regulation, self-efficacy and intention in students. Analysis of the data revealed a significant relationship between students’ promotion focus, entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intentions. Furthermore, students from public universities had significantly higher entrepreneurial regulation and intentions than their counterparts from private universities. We discuss the implications of the findings for entrepreneurship research, theory development and education.

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