scholarly journals A Case Study of Church Growth by Church Planting in Germany: Are They Connected?

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-54
Author(s):  
Stefan Paas
Keyword(s):  
Church Growth ◽  
Church Planting ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
New Churches ◽  
The Relationship

It is widely believed that the planting of new churches is a cause of church growth, regardless of culture or context. However, surprisingly little reliable and relevant data are presented to support this claim. In this article recent membership data of the Bund Freier evangelischer Gemeinden (Association of Free Evangelical Congregations) in Germany is explored to examine the relationship between church planting and church growth. The data show that there is indeed a positive correlation, but since there is also a clear correlation between rapid growth and decline, the evidence should be treated with care.

scholarly journals WEFE: The Word Embeddings Fairness Evaluation Framework

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Badilla ◽  
Felipe Bravo-Marquez ◽  
Jorge Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Gender Bias ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
Word Embeddings ◽  
The Relationship

Word embeddings are known to exhibit stereotypical biases towards gender, race, religion, among other criteria. Severa fairness metrics have been proposed in order to automatically quantify these biases. Although all metrics have a similar objective, the relationship between them is by no means clear. Two issues that prevent a clean comparison is that they operate with different inputs, and that their outputs are incompatible with each other. In this paper we propose WEFE, the word embeddings fairness evaluation framework, to encapsulate, evaluate and compare fairness metrics. Our framework needs a list of pre-trained embeddings and a set of fairness criteria, and it is based on checking correlations between fairness rankings induced by these criteria. We conduct a case study showing that rankings produced by existing fairness methods tend to correlate when measuring gender bias. This correlation is considerably less for other biases like race or religion. We also compare the fairness rankings with an embedding benchmark showing that there is no clear correlation between fairness and good performance in downstream tasks.

scholarly journals The potential of smart development of urban-rural communes in peripheral region (a case study of the Lublin Region, Poland)

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danuta Guzal-Dec ◽  
Magdalena Zwolińska-Ligaj ◽  
Łukasz Zbucki
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Region ◽  
Urban Centre ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Synthetic Index ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The purpose of the work is to characterize the potential for the smart development of urban-rural communes of the Lublin Province as potential catalysts for the implementation of the smart villages’ concept. In order to determine the potential for the smart development, the zero-unitarization method was used. In specific areas of smart village concept a synthetic index was determined. The study negatively verified the relationship between the level of potential for the smart development of the studied communes and the accessibility of transport and communication of the region’s capital. The study also revealed a positive correlation between the size of the urban centre in the urban-rural commune and the level of the potential of smart development of urban-rural communes.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LENS OPACITIES AND COLOR DISCRIMINATION ABILITY IN CATARACT PATIENTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 359
Author(s):  
Alie Solahuddin ◽  
Theodorus Theodorus ◽  
Dian Ariani
Keyword(s):  
Total Error ◽  
Color Discrimination ◽  
Correlation Test ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Discrimination Ability ◽  
Weak Positive Correlation ◽  
Lens Opacities ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cataract Patients

 Objective: To determine the relationship between lens opacities and color discrimination ability in cataract patients at the Special Eye Hospital in Palembang.Methods: A case study was undertaken in January to March 2017 at the Special Eye Hospital in Palembang. There were 80 cataract patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The relationship between lens opacities and color discrimination ability was analyzed using Spearman rho correlation test using SPSS version 18.0.Results: About 51.2% out of 80 cataract patients, most patients were diagnosed with nucleotide cataract with the majority degree of opacities is Grade III (50%). Average of total error score was 51.425±51, 441 (range 0-312). The correlation test results showed a significant weak positive correlation between lens opacities and color discrimination ability (r=0.376; p=0.001; n=80) where the percentage of effect of lens opacities to color discrimination ability was only 7.9% (R2=0.079).Conclusion: There was a significant weak positive correlation between lens opacities and color discrimination ability.

scholarly journals The role of population size in folk tune complexity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally Street ◽  
Tuomas Eerola ◽  
Jeremy Kendal
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Cultural Evolution ◽  
Cultural Complexity ◽  
Aesthetic Preference ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
The Relationship

A positive correlation between population size and cultural complexity is perhaps one of the most consistent findings in the field of cultural evolution. However, previous findings are largely based on studies of technology and are not necessarily generalisable across diverse cultural domains. We investigate the relationship between population size and complexity in music using Irish folk session tunes as a case study. Using analyses of a large online folk tune dataset, we show that tunes played by larger communities of musicians have diversified into a greater number of different versions but are intermediate in melodic complexity. These results suggest that while larger populations create more frequent opportunities for musical innovation, they encourage convergence upon intermediate levels of melodic complexity due to a widespread inverse U-shaped relationship between complexity and aesthetic preference. Our results show that the relationship between population size and cultural complexity is domain-dependent, rather than universal.

Church Planting and the Parish in Durham Diocese, 1970–1990: Church Growth Controversies in Recent Historical Perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-127
Author(s):  
Philip Lockley
Keyword(s):  
Church Growth ◽  
Church Planting ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Church Of England ◽  
The Other ◽  
Parish Ministry ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Church ◽  
Reverse Tendency

AbstractThis article unearths the forgotten history of the first modern church planting scheme in the Church of England: an attempt to restructure parish ministry in Chester-le-Street, near Durham, in the 1970s and 1980s. This story of rapid growth followed by decline, and of an evangelical church’s strained relations with their liberal bishop, David Jenkins, has pertinence for contemporary Anglican antagonisms over ‘fresh expressions’ and other church planting programmes. A culture of mistrust is arguably apparent both then and now, between liberals and conservatives in ecclesiology, even as the same line divides those of the reverse tendency in broader, doctrinal theology: conservatives from liberals. Developments, decisions and, indeed, debacles in the story of Chester-le-Street parish point to the urgent need for liberals and conservatives in Anglican ecclesiology and theology to overcome their mistrust of each other by recognizing the other as valuable for the mutual strengthening and renewal of the Church.

scholarly journals YOUTH CONTRIBUTIONS TO CHURCH GROWTH: A CASE STUDY OF THE LIGHT OF THE WORLD SOCIETY (LOWS) OF CHRIST APOSTOLIC CHURCH, NIGERIA, 1966 - 1992

2020 ◽  
pp. 319-322
Author(s):  
Afolabi Samuel Oluseyi Ph.D
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Development ◽  
Church Growth ◽  
Church Planting ◽  
World Society ◽  
Indigenous Church ◽  
The World ◽  
The Church ◽  
Interview Questionnaire ◽  
Apostolic Church

Christ Apostolic Church was the foremost African Indigenous Church in Nigeria and its history dates back to 1918. The growth and expansion of the church in Nigeria was aided by the activities of its youth organisations, foremost among which was the Light of the World Society. This article examines the origin of the society, its objectives, administration and programmes. The article also highlights the various contributions of the society to the growth and expansion of the church via evangelism and church planting, promotion of Christian education and leadership development. The study adopted George Ehusani’s concept which states that the youths should not be seen as mere objects or targets of the Church’s programmes and projects, rather they should be seen as active agents of evangelization. Data were gathered through the use of structured oral interview, questionnaire, archival materials and bibliographical search. KEYWORDS: Christ Apostolic Church, Light of the World, Youths, Growth and Expansion

Kämpfe um Bergbau und die Möglichkeiten demokratischer Transformation

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (189) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Dietz
Keyword(s):  
Direct Democracy ◽  
Social Power ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
The Political ◽  
Liberal Democratic ◽  
Political Effects ◽  
Mining Project ◽  
National Governments ◽  
The Relationship

The article explores the political effects of popular consultations as a means of direct democracy in struggles over mining. Building on concepts from participatory and materialist democracy theory, it shows the transformative potentials of processes of direct democracy towards democratization and emancipation under, and beyond, capitalist and liberal democratic conditions. Empirically the analysis is based on a case study on the protests against the La Colosa gold mining project in Colombia. The analysis reveals that although processes of direct democracy in conflicts over mining cannot transform existing class inequalities and social power relations fundamentally, they can nevertheless alter elements thereof. These are for example the relationship between local and national governments, changes of the political agenda of mining and the opening of new spaces for political participation, where previously there were none. It is here where it’s emancipatory potential can be found.

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