Trauma in the correctional field and the correctional worker habitus

Incarceration ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 263266632110217
Author(s):  
Laura McKendy ◽  
Rose Ricciardelli ◽  
Kate Konyk
Keyword(s):  
Job Performance ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Subjective Effects ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Work Stressors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Emotional Insecurity ◽  
Correctional Settings ◽  
Key Aspects

Prisons and other correctional settings are spaces often marked by numerous sources of physical, psychological, and emotional insecurity. Researchers have consistently found correctional work to be associated with outcomes such as burnout, posttraumatic stress disorder, and depression. Drawing on open-ended survey questions with correctional workers (CWs) in the province of Ontario, we first identify salient themes in discussions of work stressors and potentially psychologically traumatic events (PPTEs); these include situations involving harm to prisoners, harm to staff, and harms associated with occupational and organizational culture. Next, employing the concept of “habitus,” we consider the social-subjective effects of exposure to PPTEs as revealed in respondent accounts. Key aspects include a disposition of hypervigilance, desensitization, disillusionment, and distrust. We suggest that the CW habitus may, in some ways, serve to mitigate threats in the work environment, though may have negative effects on job performance and well-being, and come to shape social experiences in everyday life.

scholarly journals The Role of Humour in the Social Care Professions: An Exploratory Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 778-796
Author(s):  
Molly Fogarty ◽  
Dely Lazarte Elliot
Keyword(s):  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Social ◽  
Care Training ◽  
Depth Interviews

Abstract Six social care professionals were recruited to take part in in-depth interviews that sought to explore their phenomenological experiences of humour within their place of work. Using an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) approach, the results suggest that humour serves various important functions within social care. Humour can allow social care professionals to relieve themselves of negative emotions, to avoid stress and cynicism, to achieve a sense of normality and perspective and to engage with service users. The positive impact humour appears to have upon these professionals is in keeping with the humour–health hypothesis, which posits that humour enhances well-being. However, results from this study also suggest that humour may be capable of negatively impacting well-being. Arguably, these findings highlight the need to extend the humour–health hypothesis and incorporate the negative effects humour can have upon well-being. Results also indicate that, if used appropriately, humour can be utilised to benefit work performance and service user outcomes. The findings of this research hold important implications for how humour may be understood and fostered in social care training, practice and policy.

scholarly journals Perceived Discrimination, Social Environment, and Older Adults’ Psychological Well-Being

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 462-462
Author(s):  
Min-Kyoung Park ◽  
Christine Mair
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Perceived Discrimination ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Neighborhood Environment ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Older Americans ◽  
The Social

Abstract Experiencing discrimination can have detrimental effects on psychological well-being. For older adults in the U.S., discrimination on the basis of country of origin may be a particularly alienating experience. A positive social environment, however, has been shown to buffer associations between discrimination and poorer psychological well-being. However, this hypothesis has not been tested in a sample of older Americans who perceive discrimination because of country of origin. As the United States continues to diversify and politically polarize, understanding older adults’ experiences with discrimination and identifying potential buffers to these negative effects is increasingly important. We analyze 942 older Americans (aged 50+) from the Psychosocial Module of the most recent wave of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS, 2020). Specifically, we analyze associations between perceived discrimination on the basis of country of origin and three psychological well-being outcomes: loneliness, anxiety, and life satisfaction. We further test if the social environment buffers negative effects by examining interactions between discrimination and social support as well as discrimination and neighborhood environment. Our results reveal clear and consistent associations between older adults’ perceived discrimination and increased loneliness and decreased life satisfaction. These negative associations, however, appear to be buffered by social support and positive neighborhood environment, respectively. The potential buffering effect of positive social environments on psychological well-being is particularly pronounced for older adults under the age of 65. We discuss these findings in light of the prevalence of discrimination in the U.S. and consider potential mechanisms for improving the social environment of older adults.

scholarly journals The determinants of skills use and work pressure: A longitudinal analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 730-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Felstead ◽  
Duncan Gallie ◽  
Francis Green ◽  
Golo Henseke
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Employee Involvement ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Job Quality ◽  
Social Costs ◽  
Work Pressure ◽  
The Social ◽  
Skills Use ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Insight Into

Employers, workers and governments all have a stake in improving intrinsic job quality since it can help to raise worker well-being and lower the social costs of ill-health. This article provides a unique insight into factors triggering changes to two key aspects of intrinsic job quality – the skills used and developed at work, and the pressures under which work is carried out. Using a rare two-wave panel dataset, the article assesses whether three predicted determinants – namely employee involvement, teamworking and computerisation – are good or bad for these aspects of intrinsic job quality.

scholarly journals Pak Mun Dam’s long term impact on local residents’ livelihood

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-402
Author(s):  
Pattaraphongpan Chaiyamart ◽  
William Gartner ◽  
Stephan Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Policy Action ◽  
Developmental Progress ◽  
The Social ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Long Term Impact

Multidimensional well-being is an important method for understanding the social functioning of communities affected by the Pak Mun Dam, 26 years after its construction. This is the first quantitative research on the well-being of these communities. In six of eight well-being dimensions, the more distant communities are faring better than those in close proximity to the dam. Furthermore, 24 of 40 items that represent each dimension have statistically significant lower means in the affected community. This result shows the long-lasting nature of negative effects on communities and without appropriate policy action, negative impacts will linger preventing developmental progress from occurring.

scholarly journals Pak Mun Dam’s Long Term Impact on Local Residents 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pattaraphongpan Chaiyamart ◽  
William Gartner ◽  
Stephan Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Policy Action ◽  
Developmental Progress ◽  
The Social ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Long Term Impact

Abstract Multidimensional well-being is an important method for understanding the social functioning of communities affected by the Pak Mun Dam, 26 years after its construction. This is the first quantitative research on the well-being of these communities. In six of eight well-being dimensions, the more distant communities are faring better than those in close proximity to the dam. Furthermore, 24 of 40 items which represent each dimension have statistically significant lower means in the affected community. This result shows the long-lasting nature of negative effects on communities and without appropriate policy action negative impacts will linger preventing developmental progress from occurring.

Perceived Control as an Antidote to the Negative Effects of Layoffs on Survivors' Organizational Commitment and Job Performance

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-100
Author(s):  
Joel Brockner ◽  
Gretchen Spreitzer ◽  
Aneil Mishra ◽  
Wayne Hochwarter ◽  
Lewis Pepper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Job Performance ◽  
Perceived Control ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
High Threat ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Additional Variance

Two field studies tested the hypothesis that high perceived control may serve as an antidote to the negative effects of layoffs on the employees who are not laid off (survivors). In Study 1, some participants witnessed the layoffs of fellow employees, but others did not. In Study 2, all participants survived a layoff, but they varied in the extent to which they experienced the post-layoff environment as threatening to their well-being. Conceptually analogous results emerged across the two studies. Study 1 showed that the negative impact of layoffs on survivors' organizational commitment was reduced when perceived control was relatively high. Study 2 showed that the tendency for survivors' job performance to be adversely affected by high threat to their well-being was reduced when perceived control was relatively high. In other words, perceived control was more strongly related to employees' organizational commitment in the presence than in the absence of layoffs and to survivors' job performance when they experienced the post-layoff environment as more threatening. These findings account for additional variance in the reactions of layoff survivors and identify when perceived control will be more versus less strongly related to employees' work attitudes and behaviors. Practical implications for the management of organizational downsizings are discussed.

scholarly journals Impact of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder on Employee Job Performance: Moderating Role of Spirituality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qadar Bakhsh Baloch ◽  
Verdah Qadar Baloch ◽  
Sourath Maher ◽  
Nadeem Iqbal ◽  
Syed Naseeb Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Job Performance ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Moderating Role

Abstract The aim of this paper was to determine the correlation amid post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and employee job performance with moderating role of spirituality among Police officials who experienced during the war on terror. Ninety seven personnel from Pakistan Security Forces, hospitalized as result of injuries in war against terror, were selected as study respondents and personally administered with the seventeen items questionnaire to measure PTSD symptoms. All the instruments administered to measure PTSD symptoms, employees’ performance and spiritualty were adopted. Andrew F. Hayes Process model was used to test the hypotheses derived from the study’s conceptual model as it was identical with the Andrew model (Hayes 2013) in which moderation is tested with one moderator that is spirituality. Correlation and Regression analysis were carried out by using SPSS. Moderation analysis checked the moderating effect of spirituality upon the relationship between PTSD and employees performance. The research concluded that PTSD negatively affects the job performance, however, spirituality reduces the negative outcomes of PTSD. The research found that the spirituality contributes positively to the psychological well-being of a person, thereby making one’s self more robust to tremor and harrowing engagement and subsiding the negative impacts of PTSD. Managerial implications and future direction were also discussed.

scholarly journals Demand-side solutions to climate change mitigation consistent with high levels of wellbeing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Creutzig ◽  
Leila Niamir ◽  
Xuemei Bai ◽  
Jonathan Cullen ◽  
Julio Díaz-José ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Solution Space ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Social ◽  
End Use

Abstract Climate mitigation solutions are often evaluated in terms of their costs and potentials. This accounting, however, shortcuts a comprehensive evaluation of how climate solutions affect human well-being, which, at best, may only be crudely related to cost considerations. Here, we systematically list key sectoral mitigation options on the demand side, and categorize them into avoid, shift and improve categories. We show that these options, bridging socio-behavioral, infrastructural and technological domains, can reduce counterfactual sectoral emissions by 50-80% in end use sectors. Based on expert judgement and literature survey, we then evaluate 324 combinations of wellbeing outcomes and demand side options. We find that these are largely beneficial in improving wellbeing across all measures combined (76% have positive, 22% neutral, and 2.4% have negative effects), even though confidence level is low in the social dimensions of wellbeing. Implementing demand-side solution requires i) an understanding of malleable not fixed preferences, ii) consistently measuring and evaluating constituents of wellbeing, and iii) addressing concerns of incumbents in supply-side industries. Our results shift the emphasis in the climate mitigation solution space from supply-side technologies to demand-side service provision.

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