Collaborative stretching: A research agenda for enhancing the quality of lives of people with severe cognitive impairments

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-115
Author(s):  
Gordon Stuart Lyons ◽  
Michael Arthur-Kelly
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Tobias Loetscher

BACKGROUND: The majority of people living with Parkinson’s disease will develop impairments in cognition. These impairments are associated with a reduced quality of life. OBJECTIVE: The Cochrane Review aimed to investigate whether cognitive training improves cognition in people with Parkinson’s disease and mild cognitive impairments or dementia. METHODS: A Cochrane Review by Orgeta et al. was summarized with comments. RESULTS: The review included seven studies with a total of 225 participants. There was no evidence for improvements in global cognition when cognitive training was compared to control conditions. Observed improvements in attention and verbal memory measures after cognitive training could not be confirmed in a subsequent sensitivity analysis. There was no evidence for benefits in other cognitive domains or quality of life measures. The certainty of the evidence was low for all comparisons. CONCLUSIONS: The effectiveness of cognitive training for people with Parkinson’s disease and cognitive impairments remains inconclusive. There is a pressing need for adequately powered trials with higher methodological quality.


2017 ◽  
Vol 257 ◽  
pp. 431-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsutomu Takahashi ◽  
Yuko Higuchi ◽  
Yuko Komori ◽  
Shimako Nishiyama ◽  
Mihoko Nakamura ◽  
...  

2008 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeenobiyah Hannif ◽  
John Burgess ◽  
Julia Connell

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 911-932
Author(s):  
Antonio Roberto Bono Olenscki ◽  
Fernando de Souza Coelho ◽  
Valdemir Aparecido Pires ◽  
Ana Cláudia Fernandes Terence ◽  
Ursula Dias Peres

Neste artigo objetivou-se propor uma abordagem analítico-metodológica para se compreender o processo da estratégia em governos municipais no Brasil sob dois níveis que se complementam. O primeiro nível corresponde a estudos longitudinais para a apuração em termos comparados entre governos e em distintos períodos quanto ao grau de compliance dos Planos Plurianuais (PPAs) na estruturação e na execução orçamentárias e à qualidade dos seus elementos estratégicos no que se refere a objetivos, justificativas, metas físicas e financeiras e a indicadores de políticas públicas e de gestão. Trata-se de uma proposta analítica sobre um tema cuja produção acadêmica nacional carece de sistematização, categorias analíticas ou taxonômicas. O segundo nível – estudos de caso em profundidade – direciona-se para a análise dos processos de aprendizado institucional, de conflito e cooperação entre instâncias políticas e administrativas, de transformação, adaptação ou enraizamento de práticas organizacionais de caráter estratégico e de movimentos estratégicos frequentes versus acomodação a ditames e processos rígidos pelos PPAs. Essa segunda apreciação propositiva realiza-se em análises de dimensões como: ação/nuance de governo, liderança(s) institucional(is) e memória institucional, permeabilidade organizacional aos cidadãos, ciclo político-eleitoral, mensuração de necessidades e recursos, alternativas de recursos financeiros e mecanismos de gestão tático-operacional e de projetos. A principal contribuição que se pretende é a instituição de uma agenda de pesquisa sobre gestão estratégica no setor público brasileiro em governos subnacionais, com o preenchimento de lacunas na produção acadêmica sobre PPAs e no estabelecimento de variáveis compreensivas dos contornos político-administrativos e de elementos de empoderamento da estratégia na administração pública municipal.Palavras-chave: Estratégia. Governos municipais. Plano Plurianual (PPA). Abstract This paper proposed a methodological and analytical approach to comprehend the strategic process in municipal governments in Brazil under two complementary levels of studies. The first one refers to longitudinal studies to verify, in compared perspective of different governments and political terms, in what extent “Pluriannual Plans (PPAs)” are complied to the annual budgetary construction and execution, as well as the quality of its strategic elements, such as general and specific objectives, justifications, goals, and management and policy indicators. It is an analytical proposal in an area of studies lacking in systematization, and in taxonomic and analytical categories. The second level – in depth case studies – engages into the analysis of institutional learning, conflict and cooperation between administrative and political agencies, rooting, adaptive and transformative organizational strategic practices, and frequent strategic movements versus PPA’s rigid processes accommodation. This second level of appreciation offers studies on dimensions such as: government actions/nuances, institutional leadership and institutional memory, organizational permeability to citizens, political cycles, resources and needs measurements, efforts on financing designed policies, and tactical-operational and project oriented mechanisms of management. The main intended contribution is to create a research agenda related to strategic management in the Brazilian subnational governments, filling gaps in the academic production about PPAs and establishing understandable and comprehensive variables of political-administrative outlines, and elements of municipal strategic empowerment.Keywords: Strategy. Municipal governments. Pluriannual Plan (PPA)


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-129
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Korostiy ◽  
Iryna Blazhina

Background. The study of features of comorbid pathology in patients with epilepsy is of particular interest due to the high prevalence of this pathology and a significant impact on the quality of life of patients and their social adaptation. Aim. The aim of the research was to detect versatile cognitive impairments and affective disorders in epilepsy, and to study the results of cognitive training and psychoeducation. Materials and methods. The theoretical analysis of modern scientific researches in the field of cognitive and affective impairments during epilepsy was carried out. We studied the features of clinical and psychopathological manifestations in patients, suffering from epilepsy. The study covered 146patients (85 men and 61 women) who were in inpatient care. The following psychodiagnostic techniques were used: the MOCA test, the Toronto Cognitive Assessment (TorCA), the MiniMult test, the Münsterberg test, the quality of life scale, the Hamilton scale of depression and anxiety. Results. This publication offers the results of a study of cognitive and affective disorders the quality of life in patients who suffer from epilepsy and the results of online cognitive training and psychoeducation. We found cognitive decline in 88% of patients with epilepsy and improvement of cognitive functions by methods of non-pharmacological correction. Conclusions. Affective and cognitive disorders significantly affects the quality of life of patients, their ability to work and socialization. The conducted research showed that compared to the control group of healthy persons, patients with epilepsy showed improvement in their cognitive decline, anxiety and depressive disorders. Cognitive online training appeared to be effective for the patients with epilepsy.


Author(s):  
Tina Poon

Previous literature has shown the importance of music engagement in everyday living, particularly for regulating emotions and enhancing the quality of life. However, the benefits individuals derive from music vary based on degree and method of use. Current measures of music engagement are designed for healthy populations and rely heavily on introspective self-report. Unfortunately, special populations with cognitive deficits, such as dementia patients, cannot accurately report introspective emotions and mood. Thus, there is a need for a more concrete behavioural-based measure suitable for reporting by a third party. The current study addressed these issues by developing a music engagement questionnaire suitable for dementia patients. The questionnaire will be tested with a large sample of adults with a range of ages. Furthermore, the questionnaire will undergo statistical analysis to determine validity and reliability. The result will be a measure of music engagement suitable for use with participants who suffer from dementia or other cognitive disorders.


Author(s):  
Sara Paiva ◽  
Rui Peleja ◽  
Jorge Cunha ◽  
Carlos Abreu

With increased life expectancy, the incidence of age-related cognitive impairments, faced by the elderly and older generations, is growing. Among the population with cognitive impairments, those that suffer from Alzheimer's disease are the most common. The Alzheimer's disease is a chronic degenerative brain disorder that is characterised by a failure of memory and, in some instances, by disorders in language, perception and planning. As a consequence of the progressive damages imposed by the illness, patients will increasingly seek and need assistance. This paper presents a tool to aid the development and managing of caregiving communities, comprising immediate family members, relatives, neighbours and healthcare professionals, to assist patients with Alzheimer's disease. Such communities could have a strong impact on the quality of care provided to the patients. At the same time, it is hoped that involving communities will significantly improve the quality of life of Alzheimer's patients and their families while reducing the costs related to the care provided.


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