The Quality of Census Data for Historical Inquiry: A Research Agenda

1991 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard H. Steckel
Keyword(s):  
Research Agenda ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Historical Inquiry

The Quality of Census Data for Historical Inquiry: A Research Agenda

1991 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 579-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard H. Steckel
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Historical Inquiry ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Large Databases ◽  
Actual Use ◽  
Approaches To Study

Quantitative historians who mine diverse sources of evidence usually fret over the quality of their raw materials. Most papers that introduce new sources of data attempt to explain who originally collected the evidence, why it was collected, and how the actual use of the data may differ from the original intentions. These discussions often include estimates of omissions or biases in the records and may explain the sensitivity of results to underlying assumptions.With a few notable exceptions, scholars have given surprisingly little attention to the quality of census data (see Ginsberg 1988; Furstenberg et al. 1979; Sharpless and Shortridge 1975). This neglect is remarkable in view of the public debate over the accuracy of the modern censuses, the conventions of scholarly scrutiny that apply to other types of records, and the widespread use made of census documents by nearly all disciplinary approaches to study of the past. Stimulated in part by the declining costs of entering and managing large databases, historians have intensively used the manuscript schedules of population for the nineteenth century, and numerous projects were recently completed or are planned for those of the early twentieth century (e.g., Ruggles and Menard 1990). Researchers have also made considerable use of additional schedules collected by the U.S. census beginning in the mid-nineteenth century, including those for slaves, manufacturing, and agriculture.

scholarly journals Population-based rapid assessment of avoidable blindness survey in Sohag governorate in Egypt

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e036337
Author(s):  
Heba AlSawahli ◽  
Ian McCormick ◽  
Caleb D Mpyet ◽  
Gamal Ezzelarab ◽  
Mohammad Shalaby
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Vision Impairment ◽  
Health System Strengthening ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Institutional Setting ◽  
Financial Barriers

ObjectivesTo determine the prevalence and causes of blindness and vision impairment, and the coverage and quality of cataract surgical services, among population aged 50 years and older in Sohag governorate in Egypt.DesignA population-based cross-sectional survey using two-stage cluster random sampling following the rapid assessment of avoidable blindness methodology.SettingA community-based survey conducted by six teams of ophthalmologists, assistants and local guides. Enrolment and examination were door-to-door in selected clusters.ParticipantsUsing 2016 census data, 68 population units were randomly selected as clusters (of 60 people) with probability proportionate to population size. Anyone aged 50 years and older, residing in a non-institutional setting in a cluster for at least 6 months, was eligible to participate.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe prevalence and causes of blindness and vision impairment. Secondary outcomes were CSC and effectiveness and participant-reported barriers to cataract surgery.ResultsOf 4078 participants enrolled, 4033 (98.9%) were examined. The age-adjusted and sex-adjusted prevalence of blindness, severe vision impairment and moderate vision impairment were 5.9% (95% CI 4.8% to 6.9%), 4.7% (95% CI 3.8% to 5.7%) and 18.9% (95% CI 16.8% to 21.0%), respectively. Cataract caused most of blindness (41.6%), followed by non-trachomatous corneal opacity (15.7%) and posterior segment diseases (14.5%). Cataract surgical coverage (CSC) for persons for visual acuity <3/60 was 86.8%, the proportion of cataract surgeries with poor visual outcome was 29.5% and effective CSC (eCSC) was 44.9%. eCSC was lower in women than men. The most frequently reported barrier to surgery was cost (51.5%).ConclusionsThe prevalence of blindness in Sohag governorate is higher than districts in other middle-income countries in the region. CSC was high; however, women suffer worse quality-corrected CSC than men. The quality of cataract surgery needs to be addressed, while health system strengthening across government and private settings could alleviate financial barriers.

Quality of care indicators in the MAnageMent of BlOOdstream infections caused by Enterobacteriaceae (MAMBOO-E study): state of art and research agenda

2021 ◽  
pp. 106320
Author(s):  
Maddalena Giannella ◽  
Pietro Malosso ◽  
Luigia Scudeller ◽  
Linda Bussini ◽  
Chiara Rebuffi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
State Of Art

Call Centres and the Quality of Work Life: Towards a Research Agenda

2008 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeenobiyah Hannif ◽  
John Burgess ◽  
Julia Connell
Keyword(s):  
Research Agenda ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Quality Of Work Life ◽  
Quality Of Work ◽  
Call Centres

scholarly journals Densidade macroestratégica na gestão pública municipal no Brasil: uma abordagem analítico-metodológica de PPAS e de variáveis político-administrativas

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 911-932
Author(s):  
Antonio Roberto Bono Olenscki ◽  
Fernando de Souza Coelho ◽  
Valdemir Aparecido Pires ◽  
Ana Cláudia Fernandes Terence ◽  
Ursula Dias Peres
Keyword(s):  
Research Agenda ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Municipal Governments ◽  
Institutional Leadership ◽  
Academic Production ◽  
Conflict And Cooperation ◽  
Strategic Process ◽  
Political Cycles ◽  
Institutional Learning

Neste artigo objetivou-se propor uma abordagem analítico-metodológica para se compreender o processo da estratégia em governos municipais no Brasil sob dois níveis que se complementam. O primeiro nível corresponde a estudos longitudinais para a apuração em termos comparados entre governos e em distintos períodos quanto ao grau de compliance dos Planos Plurianuais (PPAs) na estruturação e na execução orçamentárias e à qualidade dos seus elementos estratégicos no que se refere a objetivos, justificativas, metas físicas e financeiras e a indicadores de políticas públicas e de gestão. Trata-se de uma proposta analítica sobre um tema cuja produção acadêmica nacional carece de sistematização, categorias analíticas ou taxonômicas. O segundo nível – estudos de caso em profundidade – direciona-se para a análise dos processos de aprendizado institucional, de conflito e cooperação entre instâncias políticas e administrativas, de transformação, adaptação ou enraizamento de práticas organizacionais de caráter estratégico e de movimentos estratégicos frequentes versus acomodação a ditames e processos rígidos pelos PPAs. Essa segunda apreciação propositiva realiza-se em análises de dimensões como: ação/nuance de governo, liderança(s) institucional(is) e memória institucional, permeabilidade organizacional aos cidadãos, ciclo político-eleitoral, mensuração de necessidades e recursos, alternativas de recursos financeiros e mecanismos de gestão tático-operacional e de projetos. A principal contribuição que se pretende é a instituição de uma agenda de pesquisa sobre gestão estratégica no setor público brasileiro em governos subnacionais, com o preenchimento de lacunas na produção acadêmica sobre PPAs e no estabelecimento de variáveis compreensivas dos contornos político-administrativos e de elementos de empoderamento da estratégia na administração pública municipal.Palavras-chave: Estratégia. Governos municipais. Plano Plurianual (PPA). Abstract This paper proposed a methodological and analytical approach to comprehend the strategic process in municipal governments in Brazil under two complementary levels of studies. The first one refers to longitudinal studies to verify, in compared perspective of different governments and political terms, in what extent “Pluriannual Plans (PPAs)” are complied to the annual budgetary construction and execution, as well as the quality of its strategic elements, such as general and specific objectives, justifications, goals, and management and policy indicators. It is an analytical proposal in an area of studies lacking in systematization, and in taxonomic and analytical categories. The second level – in depth case studies – engages into the analysis of institutional learning, conflict and cooperation between administrative and political agencies, rooting, adaptive and transformative organizational strategic practices, and frequent strategic movements versus PPA’s rigid processes accommodation. This second level of appreciation offers studies on dimensions such as: government actions/nuances, institutional leadership and institutional memory, organizational permeability to citizens, political cycles, resources and needs measurements, efforts on financing designed policies, and tactical-operational and project oriented mechanisms of management. The main intended contribution is to create a research agenda related to strategic management in the Brazilian subnational governments, filling gaps in the academic production about PPAs and establishing understandable and comprehensive variables of political-administrative outlines, and elements of municipal strategic empowerment.Keywords: Strategy. Municipal governments. Pluriannual Plan (PPA)

scholarly journals Ako skúmať voľby v priestore mesta: prípad snemovných volieb 2017 v Prahe

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-181
Author(s):  
Daniel Kerekes
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Compositional Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Spatial Variance ◽  
Parliamentary Elections ◽  
Independence Movement ◽  
Unique Approach ◽  
The City

The study uses the 2017 parliamentary elections results to analyses spatial patterns of votes in the city of Prague. A unique approach combining contextual and compositional data is introduced. Census data and data indicating the quality of life are reassigned to a shared entity – an address point, and analysed via automatic linear modelling. The model explained 69 % of spatial variance of votes share for the conservative TOP 09 party and the winning ANO 2011 movement, but only 19  % for the Pirate Party and the Mayors and Independence movement. Future research might focus on finding variables which would explain spatial variance of these parties’ vote shares. Abother possibility is the development of a methodology for studying votes spatiality within urban areas, in order to develop a robust theory.

QUALITY OF WORK LIFE IN BUMN (Case Study at PLN Persero Pemangkat)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-52
Author(s):  
Singgih Tiwut Atmojo ◽  
Erik sudarso ◽  
Andy rinastopo
Keyword(s):  
Census Data ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Quality Of Work Life ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
Quality Of Work ◽  
Owned Company

Abstract PT PLN (Persero) Rayon Pemangkat is a state-owned company tasked with distributing electricity and providing services to the public. PLN Rayon Pemangkat, Singkawang Area, West Kalimantan Region. PLN Rayon Pemangkat has two Units namely the Tebas and Sentebang Units. The purpose of this study is to look at the effect of Quality of Work Life (QWL) on performance. The population of this research is all of the employees of PLN Pemangkat rayon, amounting to 109 people with the study sample using a census. Data analysis using SPSS V22, the results of the t test show that QWL (X) significantly affects Employee Performance (Y) with a significance level of 0,000 <0,005 or H1 accepted. Then based on the regression results it is known that the coefficient of determination (R Square) is 0.511. This means that 51.1 percent of the performance of PLN Pemangkat staff is influenced by Quality of Work Life, while the remaining 48.9 percent is influenced by other variables outside the variables in this study. The advice given is, to maintain the performance of employees to remain good, then PLN Rayon Pemangkat must continue to improve the quality of work life of their employees in order to jointly achieve company goals. Keywords : QWL, Job Performance

scholarly journals Trust in health care systems Arab minority, Jewish immigrant and non-immigrant

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Pinchas-Mizrachi ◽  
N Daoud
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Jewish Immigrant ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Survey Question ◽  
Arab Minority ◽  
Care System

Abstract Background The objective of this study was to examine the level of trust towards Israel’s health care services (HCS) among Palestinian-Arab minority, Jewish immigrant, and non-immigrant Jewish citizens. Previous studies have shown that minorities and immigrants have less trust in health care system (HCSys), which might represent a barrier in access to, and utilization of HCS. Methods We obtained cross-sectional nationwide census data from the 2017 Social Survey of the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. We studied levels of trust in the HCSys based on a survey question: ’Do you have trust in the healthcare system?” We conducted logistic regression analysis within and between the study groups to compare levels of trust, after adjustment for different relevant covariates in different models. Results Compared to non-immigrant Jews, Arabs had higher trust in the HCS (odds ratio (OR)=3.08, 95% confidence intervals (CI)=3.06,3.10) and compared to non-immigrant Jews, immigrant Jews had more trust (OR = 1.96, 95% CI = 1.94,1.98), even after adjusting for gender, age, education level, religiosity level, perceived discrimination, self-rated health status, HCS use, and having private health insurance. The variables that predicted trust in the HCSys were different in each ethnic group. Conclusions Contrary to our hypothesis and to previous research, Arab and immigrant Jewish respondents in our study had greater trust in the HCS compared to non-immigrant Jews. This might relate to different expectations among our study groupsof the patient-caregiver relations which might affect the access to and utilization of HCS and finally might affect the quality of care. Key messages Exceptionally, in Israel, the Arab minority and Jewish immigrants have more trust in the health care system compared with non-immigrant Jews. More research is needed to understand how trust among minority groups relates to the patterns of utilization of HCS and raises question regarding the quality of care.

scholarly journals Prioriority actions maps of municipal public services with geospace application

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e44426
Author(s):  
Bruno Fernandes Scaramelli ◽  
Edivando Vitor Couto ◽  
Paulo Agenor Alves Bueno ◽  
Débora Cristina de Souza ◽  
Luciane Maria Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Services ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Outlier Analysis ◽  
Census Tracts ◽  
The Public ◽  
General Network ◽  
Absence Rate

Public services management is a fundamental role to public institutions, providing society with proper resources for a better quality of life. Local characteristics should be considered during public policies planning; however, generalizations are adopted to elaborate studies, overlooking these characteristics. Our objective was to apply a geostatistical analysis into the public services of Campo Mourão, Paraná State. The number of residents per census tracts lacking in water supply, sewage collection, waste collection, street lighting, electricity, and paving was found based on 2010 Census data. The spatial distribution of these data with the software ArcGIS 9.3 enabled the examination of these characteristics via the Cluster and Outlier method, through the Anselin Local Moran's I spatial analysis module, that identified hotspots and coldspots. As a result, it was found that Campo Mourão is satisfactorily supplied with electricity distribution services and waste collection with only 0.5% of absence in the census tracts. The sewage collection by the general network was the most absent service with 37% absence rate. Parque Industrial I and Jardim Isabel neighborhoods stood out as the most devoid of public services. The Cluster and Outlier Analysis is a subsidy tool for policy-making, which can increase efficiency when providing these services.

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