Introduction: Leukemias are neoplastic proliferations of haematopoietic stem cells and form a major proportion of
haematopoietic neoplasms that are diagnosed worldwide. Typing of leukemia is essential for effective therapy because
prognosis and survival rate are different for each type and sub-type Aims: this study was carried out to determine the frequency of acute and
chronic leukemias and to evaluate their clinicopathological features. Methods: It was a hospital based cross sectional study of 60 patients carried
out in the department of Pathology, JMCH, Assam over a period of one year between February 2018 and January 2019. Diagnosis was based on
peripheral blood count, peripheral blood smear and bone marrow examination (as on when available marrow sample) for morphology along with
cytochemical study whenever possible. Results: In the present study, commonest leukemia was Acute myeloid leukemia (AML, 50%) followed
by Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL 26.6%), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML, 16.7%) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL, 6.7%). Out
of total 60 cases, 36 were male and 24 were female with Male:Female ratio of 1.5:1. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia was the most common type of
leukemia in the children and adolescents. Acute Myeloid leukemia was more prevalent in adults. Peripheral blood smear and bone Conclusion:
marrow aspiration study still remains the important tool along with cytochemistry, immunophenotyping and cytogenetic study in the diagnosis
and management of leukemia.
The JAK2V617F activating mutation occurs in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia, but not in acute lymphoblastic leukemia or chronic lymphocytic leukemia