French National Retrospective Cohort of Hairy-Cell Leukemias: Risk of Second Malignancies after 10 Years of Follow-up

Introduction: Hairy-cell leukemia (HCL) is a chronic B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder with a favorable outcome thanks to treatment with purine analogues (PNA) like cladribine and pentostatin. Here, we updated the French national retrospective cohort of HCL after 10 years of follow-up, in order to evaluate the risk of second cancers in these patients. Methods: Data were collected up to June 2018 through a questionnaire sent to the members of the Société Française d'Hématologie, and centralized in the cohort database. We described the second malignancies observed during the follow-up, distinguishing second 'solid' cancers from second hematological malignancies. Then, using a Fine and Gray model, we performed a multivariate analysis in order to identify second cancer risk factors. Finally, to evaluate the excess of cancers in our cohort in comparison with the French general population, we calculated the standardized incidence ratio (SIR). Results: 279 patients (pts) from 19 centers were included in our retrospective cohort. The median age was 59 years old (range 29-88). 21% had an infectious disease at diagnosis, 23% had a familial history of cancer and 11% a personal history of cancer before HCL diagnosis. The median number of lines of treatments was 1 (0-7). PNA (cladribine or pentostatin) were the first therapeutic choice in frontline (75% of pts) and at relapse (69%). With a median follow-up of 127 months (2-413), the median overall survival for the overall study population was 328 months (95% CI 299-357) and the median relapse-free survival (RFS) was 136 months (95% CI 109-163). Pts treated with cladribine or pentostatin in first line had a statistically significant better RFS than pts treated with 'other' treatments (log rank test, p < 0.001). The 10-year cumulative incidence of relapse was 39% (95% CI 33-46). Pts who received treatments other than PNA in first line had a higher risk of relapse (Gray's test, p < 0.001). For pts receiving PNA in first and second lines, there was no difference in outcomes between those who switched PNA and those who did not. In this cohort, we observed 68 second malignancies during the follow-up: 49 solid cancers (most prevalent: prostate and non-melanoma skin cancers) and 19 hematological malignancies (most prevalent: monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS)). The median onset of second cancer, second solid cancer and second hematological malignancy from HCL diagnosis was 81 months, 99 months and 78 months, respectively. The median age at diagnosis of cancer, solid cancer and hematological malignancy was 70, 69 and 77 years old, respectively. Considering death as a competing risk, the 10-year cumulative incidence of cancer, solid cancer and hematological malignancy was 15% (95% CI 11-19), 11% (95% CI 7.2-15), and 5.0% (95% CI 2.8-8.2), respectively. In multivariate analyses, IFN treatment was associated with a decreased risk for all cancers (Fine and Gray regression model, subdistribution Hazard Ratio (sdHR) 0.53 (95% CI 0.29-0.97); p = 0.038), a familial history of cancer was a risk factor for solid cancers (sdHR 2.12 (95% CI 1.15-3.91); p = 0.017), a personal history of cancer was a risk factor for hematological malignancies (sdHR 3.47 (95% CI 1.14-10.55); p = 0.028). Even after excluding non-melanoma skin cancers and MGUS, there was an excess of cancers (SIR = 2.22), solid cancers (SIR = 1.81) and hematological malignancies (SIR = 6.67). Conclusions: In this updated real-world retrospective cohort with a long follow-up and most pts treated with PNA, we highlighted the importance and the excess of second cancers in HCL patients, in particular hematological malignancies. Figure Disclosures Paillassa: Janssen: Other: Bibliography board with young hematologists. Thieblemont:Roche: Honoraria, Research Funding; Gilead: Honoraria; Novartis: Honoraria; Kyte: Honoraria; Janssen: Honoraria; Celgene: Honoraria; Cellectis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Hermine:AB Science: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Feugier:janssen: Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; gilead: Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; roche: Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; abbvie: Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau. Troussard:Innate Pharma: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Abbvie: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Gilead: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Roche: Other: Research Support; Sysmex: Other: Research Support.

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Safety and Efficacy of Venetoclax-Based Treatment in Elderly CLL Patients: A Retrospective Study from the Filo Group

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood-2021-149640 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 138 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 3747-3747

Author(s):

Charlotte Doublet ◽

Marie-Sarah Dilhuydy ◽

Emmanuelle Ferrant ◽

Pierre Feugier ◽

Alexandra Fayault ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Board Of Directors ◽

Research Funding ◽

Progression Free Survival ◽

Oncology Nurses ◽

Advisory Committees ◽

Free Survival ◽

Daily Dose ◽

History Of

Abstract Median age at diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia is 72 years. However, only few patients over 80 years of age are included in clinical trials, even in those devoted to unfit patients. In order to evaluate both efficiency and safety of venetoclax in this category of patients, we conducted a multicentric retrospective study and collected data from 77 CLL patients from 19 FILO centers who started venetoclax after 80 years of age. Median age at venetoclax initiation was 86 years old (81-97). 63% of patients had a history of heart disease, 62% had renal failure (moderate 59% and severe 3%) and 29% had a history of severe infections. Despite their comorbidities and a CIRS greater than 6 in 70% of cases, their autonomy was preserved with a median performans status of 1 (0-4). In this comorbid geriatric population, pretherapeutic geriatric assessment was only performed in a single patient. The median number of prior therapies was 2 (0-6) with an exposure to a BCR inhibitor in 56% of cases. 11q and 17p deletion were found in 39% and 30% of cases respectively, 39% of patients had a complex karyotype and 30% harbored a TP53 mutation. However, in this real life population, these prognostic factors were only performed in half of patients. IGHV mutational status was only available in 11 patients, and 83% of them had unmutated IGHV. At the time of venetoclax initiation, the tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) risk was moderate in 57% of cases and high in 8% of cases. Venetoclax was administered as a single agent (42%) or in association with rituximab (58%). In total, half of the patients were hospitalized at each dose ramp-up, and only 3 patients were treated on outpatient basis. 82% of the cohort was able to reach the daily dose of 400mg. Half of the patients were included in a phone call monitoring program with oncology nurses to pre-emptively manage side effects and foster therapy adherence. The safety study reported 14% of TLS, with 2 discontinuations of treatment within the first month: one of which led to dialysis and the other to death. As in the previously published studies, 25% of patients had infectious complications, and grade 3 haematological and digestive toxicities were reported in 42% and 22% of cases, respectively. The reduction of the daily dose of venetoclax was necessary for 33%. Permanent discontinuation of venetoclax occurred in 40% of subjects, including 29% of early withdrawal (within the first 3 months). Main reasons for discontinuation were intolerance (21%), CLL progression (21%), death (21%) and scheduled treatment discontinuation (10%). The overall response rate was 86%, consisting of 49% of complete response (unconfirmed by bone marrow biopsy) and 37% of partial response. With a median follow-up of 21months, estimated progression free survival and overall survival were 29 and 38 months respectively. Prior exposure to a BCR inhibitor had no impact on progression free survival. To conclude, venetoclax has a manageable safety profile in elderly patients with comorbidities and can induce prolonged responses. Finally, if additional follow-up by oncology nurses seems to be more and more implemented, the pre-therapeutic onco-geriatric evaluation remains underexploited in this population. Disclosures Ferrant: AstraZeneca: Honoraria; AbbVie: Honoraria, Other: Travel, Accommodations, Expenses; Janssen: Other: Travel, Accommodations, Expenses. Feugier: Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria; Gilead: Consultancy, Honoraria; Abbvie: Consultancy, Honoraria; Amgen: Honoraria; Astrazeneca: Consultancy, Honoraria. Laribi: AstraZeneca: Other: Personal Fees; Le Mans Hospital: Research Funding; AbbVie: Other: Personal Fees, Research Funding; Jansen: Research Funding; Novartis: Other: Personal Fees, Research Funding; IQONE: Other: Personal Fees; Astellas Phama, Inc.: Other: Personal Fees; BeiGene: Other: Personal Fees; Takeda: Other: Personal Fees, Research Funding. Tchernonog: JANSSEN: Consultancy; ABBVIE: Consultancy; ASTRAZENECA: Consultancy. Dartigeas: Astra-Zeneca: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: travel grants/Congress; Abbvie: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: travel grants/Congress; Janssen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: travel grants/Congress. Quinquenel: Abbvie: Honoraria; Janssen: Honoraria; AstraZeneca: Honoraria.

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Connect MM®—the Multiple Myeloma (MM) Disease Registry: Incidence of Second Primary Malignancies (SPM)

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v124.21.4749.4749 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 124 (21) ◽

pp. 4749-4749

Author(s):

Robert M. Rifkin ◽

Rafat Abonour ◽

Jatin J. Shah ◽

Jayesh Mehta ◽

Mohit Narang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Board Of Directors ◽

Solid Tumor ◽

Research Funding ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Significant Risk Factor ◽

Prior History ◽

Advisory Committees ◽

History Of

Abstract Background: Increased rates of SPM have been observed as newer cancer treatments have improved survival over the past 2 decades (Fraumeni et al. NCI, 2006). Higher incidence of specific types of hematologic SPM following MM, especially acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes, have been reported relative to the general population (Dores et al. NCI, 2006; Mailankody et al. Blood, 2011; Ravazi et al. Blood, 2011; Landgren and Mailankody. Leukemia, 2014). A complex interplay between myeloma-, host-, environmental-, and treatment-related factors likely contributes to the increased incidence of SPM in MM. Connect MM is the first and largest prospective, observational, US-based, multicenter registry designed to characterize patients (pts), treatment patterns, and outcomes in newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) pts. Methods: Between September 2009 and November 2012,a total of 1493 NDMM pts were enrolled from 234 US sites within 2 mos of the first diagnosis of MM. Patient data were collected at baseline and each subsequent quarter using a standardized form. Invasive SPM included hematologic and solid tumor second cancers and non-invasive SPM were defined as non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC). SPM incidence and incidence rate (IR; number of pts with SPM per 100 patient-yrs [PY]) were calculated for all pts and by exposure to specific treatments, including lenalidomide (LEN). PYs were calculated as the observation period from the start of treatment until the detection of the first reported SPM (per category), death, or end of follow-up (pt lost or data cutoff). Results: As of Dec 10, 2013, SPM data were available for 1493 NDMM pts. The median age was 67 yrs (range, 24-94 yrs), 82% of patients were white and 57% were male. Median follow-up was 29.0 mos (0-49 mos). The median OS of treated pts was 44.4 mos. Fifty pts did not receive treatment and had no SPM reported. A total of 74 of the 1443 treated pts (5.1%) reported SPM. Invasive SPM were observed in 51 pts (3.5%): 37 pts (2.6%) with solid tumors and 14 pts (1.0%) with hematologic SPM. Lung/bronchus and myelodysplastic syndromes were the most frequently reported solid tumor and hematologic SPM respectively. NMSC were reported for 26 pts (1.8%). 3 pts had both an invasive SPM and NMSC. The IRs for invasive, hematologic, and solid tumor SPM by LEN exposure are listed in Table 1. By multivariate analysis, the only significant risk factor for the occurrence of SPM was prior history of invasive malignancy. Demographics (including age, ethnicity, race, and gender), International Staging System stage, family history of myeloma or other cancers, history of smoldering MM or monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance, or prior radiation therapy were not associated with the occurrence of SPM. Conclusions: This analysis shows that there was no increased risk of invasive SPM in this disease-specific registry of pts with NDMM. The risk of SPM for LEN exposed pts was not greater than that for pts not exposed to LEN. In addition, multivariate analysis indicated the only significant risk factor for SPM was prior history of invasive malignancy. As additional agents are approved for the treatment of MM and the length of pt survival increases, longer prospective observation with expanded enrollment on the registry will better characterize the occurrence of SPM in this pt population. Correlations with risk factors including age, pre-existing MDS, risk status, as well as type and duration of therapy will continue to be investigated. Table 1. Incidence rates (per 100 PYa) by treatment exposure IR per 100 PY (95% CI) SPM LEN-Exposed (n = 977) Non–LEN Exposed (n = 466) Invasive 0.85 (0.61-1.19) 1.16 (0.72-1.86) Hematologic 0.17 (0.08-0.36) 0.47 (0.22-0.99) Solid tumor 0.67 (0.46-0.98) 0.68 (0.36-1.26) NMSC 0.50 (0.32-0.77) 0.41 (0.18-0.91) a PY of exposure is the sum of exposure of all pts. Disclosures Rifkin: Celgene Corp: Consultancy; Millenium: Consultancy; Onyx: Consultancy; Takeda: Consultancy; Amgen: Consultancy. Abonour:Celgene Corp: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau. Shah:Celgene Corp: Consultancy, Research Funding. Mehta:Celgene Corp: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau. Narang:Celgene Corp: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Terebelo:Celgene Corp: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Gasparetto:Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria; Millenium: Honoraria. Thomas:Celgene Corp: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Toomey:Celgene Corp: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Hardin:Celgene Corp: Research Funding. Lu:Celgene Corp: Employment. Kenvin:Celgene Corp: Employment. Srinivasan:Celgene Corp: Employment, Equity Ownership. Ricafort:Celgene Corp: Employment. Nagarwala:Celgene Corp: Employment. Durie:Celgene Corp: Expert Board Committee Other; IRC Onyx: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; DMC Millennium: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; IRC J&J: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.

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Safety and Efficacy Data for Combined Checkpoint Inhibition with Ipilimumab (Ipi) and Nivolumab (Nivo) As Consolidation Following Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation (ASCT) for High-Risk Hematological Malignancies — CPIT-001 Trial

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood-2018-99-113586 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 132 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 256-256 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Alan P Skarbnik ◽

Michele L. Donato ◽

Robert Korngold ◽

Rena Feinman ◽

Scott D. Rowley ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Board Of Directors ◽

Median Time ◽

Patient Population ◽

Research Funding ◽

Hematological Malignancies ◽

Checkpoint Inhibition ◽

Advisory Committees ◽

Safety And Efficacy

Abstract Rationale: ASCT remains a standard-of-care as consolidation or salvage for multiple myeloma (MM), post-salvage consolidation for Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) and upfront consolidation or salvage for Peripheral T-Cell Lymphomas (PTCL) Pts with high-risk disease still show poor outcome and frequent progression within the first 18 months. Maintenance strategies post ASCT, particularly in lymphomas, have failed to show benefit, underlining the need for novel approaches to help disease control following ASCT. We have previously reported on the preliminary safety and efficacy of checkpoint inhibitor consolidation with Ipi and Nivo following ASCT trying to take advantage of the immunological milieu during post-ASCT recovery (Skarbnik et al., ASH 2017). Here we present updated data from our Phase I CPIT-001 trial. Methods: Pts with high-risk DLBCL, PTCL or MM (as defined in Table 1, divided in cohorts) were eligible if they experienced at least stable disease after most recent salvage therapy (NHL, PTCL or relapsed MM) or after induction therapy for high-risk MM. Pts were enrolled prior to ASCT, starting in July 2016. All pts with DLBCL/PTCL received BEAM (carmustine 300 mg/m2 day -6, etoposide 200 mg/m2 and cytarabine 200 mg/m2 days -5 to -2, melphalan 140 mg/m2 day -1) as conditioning regimen for ASCT, all pts with MM received melphalan 200 mg/m2 on day -1 For pts who achieved appropriate hematologic recovery (ANC >800/mm3 and platelets > 20,000/mm3), Ipi/Nivo were started between days 14 and 28 post ASCT. The infusion schedule was: Ipi: 1 mg/kg; 6 doses Weeks 1, 4, 7, 10, 16, 22Nivo: 3 mg/kg; 12 doses Weeks 1, 4, 7, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26 Primary objectives were: Safety profile evaluation; PFS and OS at 18 months (PFS18 and OS18). Cox proportional hazards regression was utilized to determine predictors of outcome. Results: 31 pts received at least one dose of Ipi/Nivo following ASCT and were included in the intent-to-treat population. Median follow up for the whole cohort is 16 months. As of February 2018, the FDA has halted all studies including checkpoint inhibitors for pts with MM. At that time, only one pt with MM was actively receiving Ipi/Nivo, which was then discontinued. At 18 months post ASCT, estimated PFS for the entire cohort was 67% and OS was 84% (Figures 1 and 2). Disease-specific PFS18 and OS18 are described in Table 2. At study entry, 48% of pts were in CR (NHLs) or stringent CR (sCR, MMs). At most recent follow-up (range 2-25 months) 71% of pts were in CR (NHL) or sCR (MM). Disease status at study entry (i.e. CR vs <CR) didn't correlate with PFS nor OS. 65% of pts developed immune-related adverse events (irAEs) grade 2 or higher, requiring treatment with systemic steroids. Most common irAEs of any grade were: colitis (58%), rash (48%), thrombocytopenia (45%), anemia (45%) and transaminitis (32%). One pt (3%) died from complications of pneumonitis related to study drugs. All other irAEs resolved. Median time from 1st Ipi/Nivo to development of irAEs was 4 weeks. Median time to improvement to Grade 1 or baseline was 1 week after high-dose steroids were initiated. Treatment-related AEs of any grade that led to discontinuation of Ipi/Nivo occurred in 6 pts (19%). Development of irAEs, use of steroids or length of steroid-exposure did not correlate with PFS or OS. Conclusion: At 18 months post-ASCT, PFS for pts with high-risk hematological malignancies is 67%. This number underscores the potential for longer remissions by associating checkpoint inhibition with ASCT. For patients in the transplant-naïve MM with high-risk cytogenetics cohort, the 71% PFS18 (fig 3) is particularly striking, when compared to median PFS of 13-15 months in previous reports of ASCT alone in this patient population (Sonneveld et al, Blood 2016). In addition, the primary-refractory DLBCL population (43% of which were not in CR at time of ASCT) presented with a PFS18 of 83% (fig 4), while the reported PFS18 for this patient population with ASCT alone is 50% (Crump et al, Blood 2017). The cohort of pts with DLBCL relapsed within 1 year of induction had the poorest outcomes, possibly related to these pts being the most heavily pretreated in the whole cohort (median of 3 prior lines of therapy), with 57% of pts in this cohort refractory to most recent line of therapy. The manageable toxicity profile, coupled with the encouraging efficacy outcomes warrant further evaluation of this approach in a Phase II trial, which is currently planned. Disclosures Skarbnik: Pharmacyclics: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Jazz Pharmaceuticals: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Abbvie: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Gilead Sciences: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Seattle Genetics: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Genentech: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau. Munshi:Kite: Speakers Bureau. Siegel:BMS: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Amgen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Karyopharm: Consultancy, Honoraria; Merck: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Takeda: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau. Feldman:Pharmacyclics: Speakers Bureau; KITE: Speakers Bureau; Portola: Research Funding; Celgene: Speakers Bureau; Seattle Genetics: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Johnson and Johnson: Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Speakers Bureau. Biran:BMS: Research Funding; Amgen: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Takeda: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Merck: Research Funding. Atkins:BMS: Consultancy; Merck: Consultancy.

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Ponatinib In Patients (pts) With Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) and Philadelphia Chromosome-Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (Ph+ ALL) Resistant Or Intolerant To Dasatinib Or Nilotinib, Or With The T315I BCR-ABL Mutation: 2-Year Follow-Up Of The PACE Trial

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v122.21.650.650 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 122 (21) ◽

pp. 650-650 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jorge E. Cortes ◽

Dong-Wook Kim ◽

Javier Pinilla-Ibarz ◽

Philipp D le Coutre ◽

Ronald Paquette ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Board Of Directors ◽

Stock Options ◽

Research Funding ◽

Response Rates ◽

Advisory Committees ◽

Advisory Boards ◽

Common Drug ◽

Heavily Pretreated ◽

History Of

Abstract Background Ponatinib is a potent, oral, pan-BCR-ABL inhibitor with activity against native and mutant forms of BCR-ABL, including the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-resistant T315I mutant. The efficacy and safety of ponatinib (45 mg orally QD) were evaluated in the phase 2, international, open-label clinical trial (PACE) in pts with CML or Ph+ ALL. Methods 449 pts resistant or intolerant (R/I) to dasatinib or nilotinib or with the T315I mutation confirmed at entry were enrolled. Five pts (3 CP-CML, 2 AP-CML) without confirmed T315I and not R/I to dasatinib or nilotinib were treated, but not assigned to a cohort; they were included in safety analyses only. The primary endpoint was major cytogenetic response (MCyR) at any time within 12 mos for CP-CML, major hematologic response (MaHR) at any time within 6 mos for advanced Ph+ leukemia. Data are as of 1 April 2013, with a median follow-up of 19 (0.1-30) mos, and 18 mos minimum follow-up for pts remaining on study. Results Median age was 59 (18-94) yrs; 53% were male. Median time from diagnosis to ponatinib was 6 (0.3-28) yrs. Pts were heavily pretreated: 96% received prior imatinib, 84% dasatinib, 65% nilotinib, 7% bosutinib; 58% received ≥3 TKIs. In pts previously treated with dasatinib or nilotinib (N=427), 88% had a history of resistance, 12% were purely intolerant to dasatinib or nilotinib. Best prior response to most recent dasatinib or nilotinib was 26% MCyR or better in CP-CML, 23% MaHR or better in advanced Ph+ leukemia. The most common BCR-ABL mutations at baseline were 29% T315I, 8% F317L, 4% E255K, 4% F359V, 3% G250E. No mutations were detected in 44% of pts (Sanger sequencing). At the time of analysis, 46% of pts remained on study (60% CP-CML). The most common reasons for discontinuation: progressive disease (20%), adverse events (AEs; 13%; most common was thrombocytopenia, 4%). Response rates are shown in the table. Response rates were higher in CP-CML T315I vs R/I cohorts, however, a post-hoc multivariate analysis previously showed that T315I was not an independent predictor of MCyR. Other features, especially higher dose intensity and younger age in T315I pts, may explain the higher response rates. In CP-CML, responses were deep and durable; 91%, 91%, and 75% of pts with MCyR, CCyR, or MMR, respectively, were estimated to remain in response at 12 mos; progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated to be 80% (median 27 mos) and 94% at 12 mos, respectively; progression to AP/BP occurred in 3 CP-CML pts , 2 other pts with a history of AP re-entered AP. 49% of AP-CML pts with MaHR were estimated to remain in response at 12 mos (median 12 mos); PFS and OS were estimated to be 56% (median 14 mos) and 84% at 12 mos. 36% of BP-CML pts with MaHR were estimated to remain in response at 12 mos (median 5 mos); PFS and OS were estimated to be 18% (median 4 mos) and 30% (median 7 mos) at 12 mos. 8% of Ph+ ALL pts with MaHR were estimated to remain in MaHR at 12 mos (median 3 mos); PFS and OS were estimated to be 7% (median 3 mos) and 39% (median 8 mos) at 12 mos. The most common drug-related AEs (>30%) were thrombocytopenia (37%), rash (34%), and dry skin (32%). Pancreatitis was the most common drug-related serious AE (5%); it occurred early and was primarily managed with dose modification, 1 pt discontinued. Serious cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and peripheral vascular AEs occurred in 6%, 3%, and 2% of pts (drug-related: 2%, 1%, 1%). Conclusions Ponatinib has substantial activity in these heavily pretreated Ph+ leukemia pts who have limited available treatment options, with a safety profile reflective of the population. Updated data with a minimum follow-up of 2 yrs will be presented. Disclosures: Cortes: Ariad, Pfizer, Teva: Consultancy; Ariad, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, Teva: Research Funding. Kim:BMS, Novartis, IL-Yang: Consultancy; BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, ARIAD, IL-Yang: Research Funding; BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, IL-Yang: Honoraria; BMS, Novartis, Pfizer: Speakers Bureau; BMS, Pfizer: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees. Pinilla-Ibarz:Novartis, Ariad: Research Funding; Novartis, Ariad, BMS and Pfizer: Speakers Bureau. le Coutre:Novartis: Research Funding; Novatis, BMS, Pfizer: Honoraria. Paquette:ARIAD, BMS, Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau. Chuah:Novartis, Bristol-Myers Squibb: Honoraria. Nicolini:Novartis, Ariad, Teva, Pfizer: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novartis, BMS, Teva: Speakers Bureau; Novartis, BMS, Teva, Pfizer, Ariad: Honoraria; Novartis & Bristol Myers Squibb: Research Funding; Novartis, Ariad and Teva: Consultancy. Apperley:Novartis: Research Funding; Ariad, Bristol Myers Squibb, Novartis, Pfizer, Teva: Honoraria. Talpaz:Ariad, BMS, Sanofi, INCYTE: Research Funding; Ariad, Novartis: Speakers Bureau; Ariad, Sanofi, Novartis: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees. DeAngelo:Araid, Novartis, BMS: Consultancy. Abruzzese:BMS, Novartis: Consultancy. Rea:BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, Ariad, Teva: Honoraria. Baccarani:Ariad, Novartis, BMS: Consultancy; Ariad, Novartis, BMS, Pfizer, Teva: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau. Müller:Novartis, BMS, Ariad: Consultancy, Honoraria; Novartis, BMS: Research Funding. Gambacorti-Passerini:Pfizer: Research Funding; Pfizer, BMS: Honoraria. Lustgarten:ARIAD: employees of and own stock/stock options in ARIAD Pharmaceuticals, Inc Other, Employment. Rivera:ARIAD: Employment. Clackson:ARIAD: employees of and own stock/stock options in ARIAD Pharmaceuticals, Inc Other, Employment. Turner:ARIAD: Employment. Haluska:ARIAD: employees of and own stock/stock options in ARIAD Pharmaceuticals, Inc Other, Employment. Deininger:BMS, ARIAD, NOVARTIS: Consultancy; BMS, NOVARTIS, CELGENE, GILEAD: Research Funding; ARIAD, NOVARTIS: Advisory Boards, Advisory Boards Other. Hochhaus:Ariad, Novartis, BMS, MSD, Pfizer: Research Funding; Novartis, BMS, Pfizer: Honoraria. Hughes:Novartis, BMS, ARIAD: Honoraria, Research Funding. Goldman:Ariad: Honoraria. Shah:Ariad, Bristol-Myers Squibb: Consultancy, Research Funding. Kantarjian:ARIAD, Novartis, BMS, Phizer: Research Funding.

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Prevalence and Risk Predictive Factors of Comorbid Malignancies in Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v128.22.1900.1900 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 128 (22) ◽

pp. 1900-1900

Author(s):

Tong-Yoon Kim ◽

Sung-Eun Lee ◽

Soo-Hyun Kim ◽

Soo-Young Choi ◽

Eun-Jung Jang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Board Of Directors ◽

Medical Records ◽

Myeloid Leukemia ◽

Research Funding ◽

Hodgkin’S Lymphoma ◽

Hodgkin's Lymphoma ◽

Advisory Committees ◽

History Of

Abstract Introduction: As chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patents are generally diagnosed at old age and live longer by active use of BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), the occurrence of other malignancy (OM) is becoming a critical issue as a long-term comorbidity. An increased rate of OM has been reported in myeloproliferative disorders and long-term TKI treatment may induce OM in CML. To explore exact prevalence and characteristics of OM, we reviewed medical records of CML patients and compared with those of age-matched Korean population. Methods: The medical records of 1,469 CML patients who diagnosed between January 2000 and December 2014 were reviewed using Korean data-set of Asia CML Registry (ACR). With a cut-off date of July 2016, age-standardized prevalence rates (A-SPR) of OM (except benign tumors and other leukemias) were analyzed and compared with that of general population in Korea Central Cancer Registry (KCCR). In addition, we analyzed cumulative incidence rate of OM and various risk factors. Results: The median duration of follow-up was 84 (1-197) months, and 96 CML patients had at least one OM. Forty three patients had a history of OM before a median 69 (1-161) months of CML diagnosis and 53 patients developed OM after a median 53 (range; 0.2-172) months of CML diagnosis. The OM included 32 thyroid cancers, 19 colorectal cancers, 16 stomach cancers, 9 breast cancers, 4 gynecological cancers (3 cervical cancers and 1 uterine endometrial cancers), 3 lymphoma (2 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and 1 Hodgkin's lymphoma), 3 biliary cancer, 3 skin cancers, 3 prostate cancers, 2 lung cancer, 2 tongue cancer, 2 liver cancer, 2 esophageal cancer, 1 pancreatic cancer, and 1 bladder cancer.A-SPR of OM was 1.7 times higher in CML patients. Hodgkin's lymphoma (8.7 times), thyroid cancer (2.6 times), biliary cancer (2.6 times), colorectal cancer (2 times), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (1.8 times), cervical cancer (1.8 times), and breast cancer (1.6 times) had a higher A-SPR. On the other hands, skin cancer (3.3 times), lung cancer (2 times), and liver cancer (2 times) were lower than that of general population. With 53 patients who had OM after CML diagnosis, we analyzed the cumulative incidence. The risk of OM was increased over the follow-up period (2.7% at 7 years) Univariate analysis revealed that patients who were more than 37 years old at CML diagnosis (4.3% vs. 0.4%, p<0.001) and who had family history of cancer (8.2% vs. 2.3%, p=0.002) were associated with a higher OM. After adjusting for factors, multivariate analysis showed that older age (HR of 4.19, P<0.001) and family history (HR of 3.17, P=0.001) were independently associated with increased risk. There was no difference in 7-year overall survival (OS) between patients with OM (n=96) and without OM (n=1,373) (84.9% vs. 86.9%, p=0.573). However advanced cancer stages (stage 3 and 4) of OM significantly affected poor OS ( 88.3% vs. 65.6% P=0.0406). Conclusion: Although comorbid malignancies did not significantly affect CML survival, poor survival in advanced stages and the high risk of other cancers warn the need of systematic screening in long-term CML survivors. In addition, the specific cancer types with a significantly higher A-SPR should be considered for further studies including genetic mechanisms. Disclosures Kim: ILYANG: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Pfizer: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; BMS: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau.

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The Challenge of Unexplained Splenomegalies: Preliminary Data of the French Prospective Multi-Center Splenomegaly Study (SMS)

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood-2018-99-113123 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 132 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 4815-4815

Author(s):

Guillaume Denis ◽

Laurence Sanhes ◽

Jean-Marc Ziza ◽

Frederic Bauduer ◽

Marc G. Berger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Board Of Directors ◽

Research Funding ◽

Hematological Malignancies ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Final Analysis ◽

Acid Sphingomyelinase ◽

Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽

Lysosomal Storage ◽

Advisory Committees

Abstract Introduction: The most prevalent etiologies of splenomegaly (SM) easily detected by routine clinical practice are hematological malignancies, portal hypertensions (PH), and hemolytic anemias. However, after these first line diagnoses are ruled out, many cases of SM can remain unexplained. At this point, diagnosis becomes challenging due to the fact that many signs and symptoms can be non-specific, and SM could also be associated to rarer etiologies, such as lysosomal storage diseases (LSD) (e.g. Gaucher disease, acid sphingomyelinase deficiency (Niemann Pick Diseases)). The SplenoMegaly Study (SMS) is a prospective, observational, multi-center, and longitudinal study ongoing in France, which aims to estimate the prevalence of the different etiologies of unexplained SM. We present here preliminary descriptive data on the patients' characteristics and their established diagnosis at follow-up. Methods: Since 2015, all patients aged ≥15 years and referred to the hematology or internal medicine department in 117 French hospitals, with an unexplained SM diagnosis (confirmed by echography or CT-scan with a craniocaudal length ≥13 cm) have been invited to participate. Unexplained cause of SM was defined as a first negative clinical workup based on patient's interview and physical examination, and biological routine tests (including complete blood and reticulocytes count, clotting test, liver enzymes, bilirubin, protein electrophoresis, ESR and CRP). A total of 500 patients will be enrolled. For each patient, last visit takes place at the moment an etiology is identified or up to 12 months after the inclusion. All exams and tests conducted for diagnostic purposes are under each physician's responsibility. Since there is no clinical gold standard for the precise definition of SM, Splenocalc application, adjusting for gender and patient height [Chow and al., 2016], is used to confirm the SM. Results: As of May 2018, 190 consecutive patients (58% male) have been included with a median age of 53 years (16-94 years), a median spleen length of 15 cm (range: 13-30 cm), and 88.6% showed an homogeneous spleen structure. Three patients presented with an obvious diagnosis following the initial workup (n=2, chronic lymphocytic leukemia with lymphocytosis; n=1, sarcoidosis with adenopathies) should not have been included. A total of 129 patients (68%) were considered to have completed the study. Of them, 72 patients (56%) had an established diagnosis. Five categories were identified: lymphoproliferative malignancies (n=20; 27.8%; median age: 66); autoimmune disorders (n=15; 20.8%; median age: 48); myeloproliferative malignancies (n=10; 13.9%; median age: 72); PH (n=10; 13.9%; median age: 62) and other diagnoses, including LSDs (n=17; 23.6%; median age: 40). PH was mainly of nonalcoholic origin. Patients with an established diagnosis were significantly older (median age: 61.5 years vs. 45.0 years; p=0.002) and the SM was significantly greater (mean length: 16.7±3.2 vs. 15.6±2.3 cm; p=0.05) than those with no diagnosis. Hematological malignancies were more common in the oldest patients compared to other diagnostic categories (median age: 66.5; p=<0.001). Baseline height data were available in 179 patients, which allowed us to confirm their SM by using Splenocalc application. After height-gender adjustment, 157 patients (87.7%) had their SM confirmed; 14 patients (9.5%) had uninterpretable results and 8 patients (4.5%) had no SM confirmation. However, within these 8 patients with no SM after adjustments, 2 (1.1%) had already an established diagnosis (lymphoma and tuberculosis). Conclusions: Patients who finally have an established diagnosis were older and had a significantly larger spleen than those with no diagnosis. The spleen length cut-off of 13 cm or more seems reliable since almost 9 out 10 cases were confirmed by Splenocalc application. Furthermore, after 12 months of regular medical evaluations, 44% of patients remained with an unexplained SM. This proportion seems to be higher than percentages reported in the literature, but our 12-month follow up period might be too short. The final analysis planned on a total population of 500 patients will estimate the prevalence of each etiology of unexplained SM as well as the exams and tests conducted for diagnosis purpose. Disclosures Denis: Sanofi: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Sanhes:Sanofi: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Ziza:Sanofi: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Bauduer:Sanofi: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Berger:Sanofi: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Costello:Sanofi: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Mehdi:Sanofi: Employment. Michaud:Sanofi: Honoraria, Research Funding. Urbanski:Sanofi: Honoraria, Research Funding. Rose:Sanofi: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding.

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Facing Deep Venous Thrombosis (DVT) in University Tertiary Hospital: Role of Conventional Thrombophilia Testing in Idiopathic DVT Treatment

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood-2019-132042 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 134 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 4958-4958

Author(s):

Milagros Suito ◽

Maria Cerdá ◽

Olga Benítez ◽

Alba Cabirta ◽

Francesc Bosch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Venous Thrombosis ◽

Board Of Directors ◽

Research Funding ◽

Study Group ◽

Advisory Committees ◽

Positive Study ◽

Prothrombin Mutation ◽

History Of ◽

Thrombophilia Testing

INTRODUCTION: Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a frequent cause or morbidity and mortality, and multiple genetic and environmental factors are involved in its etiopathogenesis. According to it, besides investigating about personal and familiar DVT history, thrombophilia testing is often asked by physicians in order to diagnose patients, even if current validated markers can't predict the risk of recurrence of the disease. METHODS: We developed an observational and prospective study between January 2017 and December 2017, in order to register the patients with DVT that were treated in our DVT unit. As secondary objectives, we wanted to know how many had an idiopathic DVT, if we tested all of them for thrombophilia, which of them stopped treatment and the results after one year of follow up. RESULTS: We included 172 patients with DVT, 56.9% were men, and the average age was 66.4 years old with an increased incidence above the 50 years old. In our study group we found 43.6% (75) of patients without major risk factors for DVT, classified as idiopathic DVT and we will refer to them in this abstract from now on. Just 36.7% of them had a positive personal history of DVT and 36.7% had familiar history. Almost all were localized in the lower limbs (98.7%) and 17.3% presented in association with pulmonary embolism (PE) at diagnosis. All of them started treatment with LMWH, and after the first clinical visit, 26.7% continued with it, while 51.2% changed to VKA and 22.1% to DOACs. Only 45 (60%) of idiopathic DTVs were tested for thrombophilia (patients younger than 60 years old, with extensive DVT, or personal or familiar history of DVT): 31 had a negative study, 11 had a positive study for hereditary thrombophilia (4 S protein deficiency, 3 C protein deficiency, 2 V Leiden factor mutation + prothrombin mutation, 1 V Leiden factor mutation, 1 prothrombin mutation), and 3 were diagnosed of antiphospholipid syndrome. All these patients with positive study or antiphospholipid syndrome received indefinite anticoagulation. From all the patients with idiopathic DVT, 77.3% received indefinite anticoagulation, 17.3% were treated for 3-6 months, 4% for >6-12 months and 1,3% for 15 months. Only one patient who stopped treatment after 3 months had a recurrent DVT and had to restart it. CONCLUSIONS: DVT is the most frequent indication for thrombophilia testing and regarding its multifactorial etiology, it must be performed specially in incidental cases. In our incidental DVT study group (with PE associated or not), we found a 31.1% of positive studies, consistent with what is expected in general DVT population, but in contrast with it is described in the literature, we found more cases of S and C deficiency than V Leiden factor and prothrombin mutations. We also had only one patient with recurrence DVT after few months of stopping anticoagulation, no thrombophilia was found. This low rate of recurrence that differs from the latest data published, might be explained by the short time of follow up that we have, so it would be interesting to increase it, as well as the number of patients in the cohort studied. There is a need for investigating new clinical and genetic scores in order to improve the poor predictive role in recurrent disease with the current thrombophilia markers. Disclosures Bosch: F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd/Genentech, Inc.: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Takeda: Honoraria, Research Funding; AstraZeneca: Honoraria, Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; AbbVie: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Celgene: Honoraria, Research Funding; Acerta: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Kyte: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau.

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Myelofibrosis in Real Life: Findings from the French Intergroup of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (FIM) Registry

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v128.22.3128.3128 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 128 (22) ◽

pp. 3128-3128

Author(s):

Brigitte Dupriez ◽

Sylvie Chevret ◽

Jean-Christophe Ianotto ◽

Francoise Boyer ◽

Pascale Cony-Makhoul ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Overall Survival ◽

High Risk ◽

Board Of Directors ◽

Research Funding ◽

Myeloproliferative Neoplasms ◽

Spleen Size ◽

Biological Parameters ◽

Advisory Committees ◽

History Of

Abstract Background: Myelofibrosis (MF) is the less frequent Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). We have included in a nationwide database primary (P), post-polycythemia (PPV) and post-essential thrombocythemia (PET) MF diagnosed in France since 2005. Methods: Inclusion criteria were: diagnostic of MF after 2005; according strictly to WHO (bone marrow biopsy mandatory); informed consent. The registry was launched in Oct. 2013, and 26 hematology centers included patients (pts). Summary statistics were reported, namely median [Interquartile range, IQR] or percentage. Baseline characteristics were compared across IPSS groups using chi-square test or Mann and Whitney test. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were plotted and compared by the log-rank test. Results: At time of analysis (June 2016) a total of 527 pts were included in the registry, complete baseline data were available in 499 (95%), and follow-up (FU) data in 433 (87%). Median [IQR] age and M/F sex ratio were 71 [63-78] years and 315/184 (1.7), respectively (resp). 301 (60%) pts had PMF, 182 (36%) had secondary MF (including 64 PPVMF and 118 PETMF) and 16 had pre-fibrotic MF. Five percent of pts had a familial history of hematologic malignancy, and 22% a history of thrombosis or hemorrhage. Splenomegaly was present in 386 (77%) with a median [IQR] spleen size of 4 cm [1-8] below costal margin, and was symptomatic in 11% of pts. Constitutional symptoms were present in 107 (21%) (weight loss in 56, night sweats in 61, fever in 14), and ECOG score was 0, 1, 2, and 3 in 53%, 36%, 11% and 0.3% of pts, resp. Median [IQR] Hemoglobin, WBC and platelet counts were 109 g/L [94-122], 9.3 G/L [5.7-16.0] and 257 G/L [138-430], resp. Circulating blast cells were present in 41%, LDH was above normal value in 95% of pts, median EPO level was 54 [11 - 57] U/L. Grade of fibrosis (WHO) was 1, 2, and 3 in 2%, 66% and 32% of pts, resp. Karyotype was done in 321 pts, normal in 173 (54%), abnormal with favorable prognostic value in 89 (30%) and unfavorable in 30 (10%) (29 failures). A total of 461 (92%) pts had molecular testing: 60% were JAK2V617F positive, 4% had MPL and 7% had CALR mutations, and 99 (28%) over the 352 pts with triple testing were triple negative. IPSS risk categories were low, int-1, int-2 and high in 68 (14%), 168 (34%), 158 (32%), and 105 (21%) pts, resp. In addition to constitutional symptoms, there was a significant increase in the prevalence of clinical signs across IPSS categories (from low to high risk): symptomatic spleen (p=0.016) -though no difference in spleen size was found (p=0.18)-, early satiety (p=0.013), ECOG score (p= 0.0001), bone pain (p=0.002). Moreover, among biological parameters, there was an increase across IPSS groups in WBC (p=0.029), LDH (p=0.0007), ferritin (p=0.003), circulating CD34+ cells (p=0.020), EPO level (p=0.035). In contrast, a decrease was seen for hemoglobin and platelets (p=0.0001 for both). Lastly, frequency of grade 3 fibrosis increased with IPSS (p=0.043), while no evidence of difference was found regarding abnormal karyotype and mutational pattern. Median FU was 33 months [9-63 months]. Among those 433 pts with FU data, median FU was 38 months [19-68], and 124 (29 %) pts had died at the time of analysis, including 13%, 17%, 31%, and 40% of pts from the Low, Int-1, Int-2, and High risk groups, resp (p= 0.0001, figure 1). In the 450 pts with treatment data, treatments received during FU included cytoreductive drug (41%), Jak-inhibitors (35%), Interferon alpha (18%), IMIDs (4%). Splenectomy was performed in only 14 (3%) pts. Forty percent of pts received packed red blood cells, and 12% platelets transfusions. 49 (11%) patients participated in a clinical trial, and 27 (6%) were allografted. Conclusion: This is the first analysis of the French MF observatory after inclusion of more than 500 pts diagnosed and treated during the past 10 years. Complete baseline data and follow-up information available for the majority of pts should allow for new studies of outcomes and influence of clinical and biological parameters, as well as reassessment of prognostic models in the era of new targeted therapies. Figure 1 Comparison of overall survival according to IPPS Figure 1. Comparison of overall survival according to IPPS Figure 2 Figure 2. Disclosures Etienne: Pfizer: Speakers Bureau; BMS: Speakers Bureau; ARIAD: Speakers Bureau; novartis: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau. Tavitian:Novartis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Ugo:Novartis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Kiladjian:Novartis: Honoraria, Research Funding; AOP Orphan: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding.

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Risk Factors for the Development of High-Titer Inhibitors in 260 Children with Severe Hemophilia a Born Between 1990 and 2009: The Remain Study

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v128.22.3774.3774 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 128 (22) ◽

pp. 3774-3774

Author(s):

Maria Elisa Mancuso ◽

Kathelijn Fischer ◽

Elena Santagostino ◽

Johannes Oldenburg ◽

Helen Platokouki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Family History ◽

Board Of Directors ◽

Research Funding ◽

Hemophilia A ◽

High Titer ◽

High Dose ◽

Severe Hemophilia ◽

Advisory Committees ◽

History Of

Abstract The development of anti-FVIII antibodies (i.e., inhibitors) is the major side effect of severe hemophilia A treatment. Inhibitors mainly develop in children during the first 50 exposure days and are classified in low-and high-titer (i.e., peak titer < or > 5 UB/ml). High-titer inhibitors have the major clinical impact. At diagnosis however, the real nature of the antibody is not clear in all patients, since some low-titer inhibitors may progress to high-titer. The determinants of the evolution from low- to high-titer inhibitors are still unclear and the aim of the present study was to investigate potential risk factors associated with the progression from low- to high-titer inhibitors. This study is a follow-up study of the PedNet Registry and includes 260 children with severe hemophilia A and clinically relevant inhibitors, born between 1990 and 2009 and consecutively recruited from 31 hemophilia centers in 16 countries. Clinical and laboratory data were collected from the date of first positive inhibitor test and covered a minimum of 3-years follow-up. Factors potentially associated with progression from low- to high-titer inhibitor development were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. F8 mutation type was known in 247 patients (95%), including 202 (82%) null mutations (i.e., large deletions, nonsense mutations and inversions). Positive family history of inhibitors was present in 37 of 99 (37%) with positive family history of hemophilia. At diagnosis 49% (n=127) had low-titer inhibitors, however, upon FVIII re-exposure, 50% of low-titer inhibitors progressed to high-titer and only 25% of patients (n=69) had persistent low-titer inhibitors. Within the first 3 years of follow-up, immune tolerance induction (ITI) was equally implemented in around 80% of low-and high-titer patients but it was started later in children with high-titers (median time to ITI start 4.5 vs 0.3 months; p<0.001) in whom daily regimens and high-dose FVIII were more frequently adopted (89, 67% vs 41, 50% and 98, 74% vs 35, 43%; p=0.01 and <0.001, respectively). Overall high-titer inhibitor development was associated with null F8 mutations (OR 2.8, 95%CI 1.4-5.5) and family history of inhibitors (OR 3.9, 95%CI 1.2-12.6). The progression from low- to high-titer inhibitors during follow up, was associated with the use of high-dose ITI regimens (i.e., >100 IU/kg/day) with an OR of 3.9 (95%CI 1.5-10.0), independent from the effects of F8 mutation type (adjusted OR 3.6, 95%CI 1.4-9.8) and family history of inhibitors (adjusted OR 6.7, 95%CI 1.1-42.6). No difference was found by comparing the use of daily versus non-daily ITI. In conclusion, in a cohort of 260 children with severe hemophilia A and inhibitors, 49% presented with low-titers at diagnosis and 46% of them progressed to high-titers during follow-up. Progression to high-titer inhibitors was associated with the use of high-dose ITI. These results suggest that intensive ITI should be avoided as initial strategy in low-titer inhibitor patients. Disclosures Mancuso: Pfizer: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Sobi/Biogen Idec: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Novo Nordisk: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; CSL Behring: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Baxalta: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Bayer Healthcare: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Kedrion: Consultancy. Fischer:Wyeth/Pfizer: Research Funding; Biogen: Consultancy; NovoNordisk: Consultancy, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Pfizer: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Biotest Octapharma: Speakers Bureau; CSL Behring: Speakers Bureau; Baxter: Consultancy, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Freeline: Consultancy; Bayer: Consultancy, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau. Santagostino:Octapharma: Consultancy; Novo Nordisk: Consultancy; Kedrion: Consultancy; Sobi: Consultancy; Biogen Idec: Consultancy; Roche: Consultancy; Grifols: Consultancy; Pfizer: Consultancy; Baxalta: Consultancy; CSL Behring: Consultancy; Bayer: Consultancy. Escuriola:Baxalta, now part of Shire: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Investigator Clinical Studies, Research Funding; Bayer: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Biotest: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; CSL Behring: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Grifols: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Octapharma: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; NovoNordisk: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding. Liesner:BPL: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Bayer: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Cangene: Research Funding; CSL Behring: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Baxalta Innovations GmbH, now a part of Shire: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Pfizer: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; SOBI: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Octapharma: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Biogen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Grifols: Consultancy, Honoraria. Nolan:Sobi: Research Funding; Biogen: Research Funding.

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Prognostication of Molecular Relapses after Dasatinib or Nilotinib Discontinuation in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML): A FI-LMC STOP 2G-TKI Study Update

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood-2019-124408 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 134 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 30-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Delphine Rea ◽

Franck E Nicolini ◽

Michel Tulliez ◽

Philippe Rousselot ◽

Martine Gardembas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Board Of Directors ◽

Median Time ◽

Research Funding ◽

Blast Crisis ◽

Molecular Response ◽

Advisory Committees ◽

History Of ◽

Time To Relapse ◽

Tki Discontinuation

Background : Providing achievement and sustainability of deep molecular responses (DMR), patients (pts) taking tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) against CML may discontinue therapy. The STOP 2G-TKI observational study showed that dasatinib and nilotinib could be safely stopped and prior suboptimal response or resistance to imatinib was an adverse prognostic factor for treatment-free remission (TFR). We present updated results with a specific focus on the risk of relapse using post-baseline information during follow-up. Methods : Adult CML pts treated with dasatinib or nilotinib without a history of allogeneic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) or progression to advanced phase stopped TKI provided that: (1) BCR-ABL transcripts were of the major type, (2) total TKI treatment duration was ≥36 months, (3) uMR4.5 had been achieved and maintained for ≥24 months (undetectable BCR-ABL with ≥32000 copies of ABL). Relapse was defined by loss of major molecular response (MMR: BCR-ABL IS >0.1%) on a single occasion and triggered TKI reintroduction. The primary objective was TFR at 12 months. After TKI discontinuation, BCR-ABL transcripts were monitored monthly during the first 6-12 months, every 3 months during the 2nd year and then every 3-6 months. Data as of July 1, 2019 are reported in 104 pts (median follow-up 55 months (range: 6-70)). Results: Median age at inclusion was 56 years (range: 21-82) and 65.4% of pts were female. Sokal risk score was low in 49%, intermediate in 31%, high in 16% and unknown in 4%. 2G-TKIs were given after imatinib intolerance in 47% of pts, suboptimal response or resistance to imatinib in 22%, lack of DMR on imatinib in 3% and as 1st line treatment in 28%. Median duration of TKI, 2G-TKI and uMR4.5 was 74 months (range: 36-163), 49 months (range: 19-112) and 31 months (range: 24-72), respectively. Overall, 43 pts (41%) lost MMR within a median time of 5 months (range: 1-59). Overall 60-month TFR was 56% (95% CI, 45.8-66.3) but TFR probabilities increased up to 64% (95% CI: 53.3-74.8), 76.7% (95% CI, 65.9-87.5), 86.2% (95% CI; 76.3-96.2), and 92.1% (95% CI: 83.4-100) for pts still in MMR at 3, 6, 12 and 18 months, respectively (Figure 1). Prior suboptimal response or resistance to TKI was confirmed as the strongest adverse baseline prognostic factor with a 60-month TFR rate of 29.8% (95% CI; 10.8-48.7) (median TFR 12 months) versus 63.6% (95% CI; 52.1-75.2) (median not reached) in pts without such history (logrank p=0.0012). This was explained by significantly higher risk of early relapses (within 6 months but not later) in pts with prior suboptimal response or resistance to TKI (cumulative incidence of relapses by 6 months 47.8% (95% CI; 31.2-73.2) versus 20.9 (95% CI; 13.7-32) in other pts (p=0.00879)). Landmark analyses at specific time points were performed to study the prognostic value of molecular responses categories after TKI discontinuation. All pts in MMR but not deeper at 3 months relapsed by month 9 (median time to relapse 4 months) while pts in ≥MR4 (BCR-ABL IS ≤0.01%) had 12- and 60-months probabilities of 86.8% (95% CI; 79.1-94.4) and 74.9% (95% CI: 64-85.7), respectively (logrank p<10-4). All pts but 1 in MMR but not deeper at 6 months relapsed (median time to relapse 12 months) while pts in ≥MR4 had 12- and 60-months probabilities of 95% (95% CI; 89.6-100) and 87.5% (95% CI: 78.7-96.2), respectively (logrank p<10-4). Forty three pts restarted treatment including 1 who lost MR4.5 but not MMR and 42 who lost MMR. When treatment was reintroduced, 42 pts were in CHR and all regained MMR after a median time of 3 months (range: 1-11). The remaining pt lost MMR but not CHR 5 month after 1st line nilotinib cessation and was found in sudden myeloid blast crisis at the month 6 TKI reintroduction visit. No BCR-ABL mutation was found but an inversion of chromosome 3 at karyotyping analysis. The pt underwent ASCT after chemotherapy + ponatinib and is alive in remission 29 months later. Conclusion: 2G-TKI may be successfully stopped in CML pts with long-lasting MR4.5. Those without a history of suboptimal response or resistance have greatest chances of success. Sudden blast crisis is rare but unpredictable. Post-TKI discontinuation estimates of TFR change overtime. Together with that of molecular response type at specific time points, they represent important dynamic prognostic measures of outcome. They may also help individualizing molecular monitoring programs after TKI cessation. Disclosures Rea: Incyte Biosciences: Honoraria; Pfizer: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; BMS: Honoraria; Novartis: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Nicolini:Sun Pharma Ltd: Consultancy; Incyte Biosciences: Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau. Rousselot:Pfizer: Research Funding; Incyte: Research Funding. Etienne:Pfizer: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Incyte Biosciences: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; BMS: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau. Guerci:INCYTE: Consultancy, Honoraria. Legros:Pfizer: Honoraria, Research Funding; BMS: Honoraria; Novartis: Honoraria; Incyte Biosciences: Honoraria, Research Funding. Coiteux:Pfizer: Honoraria; BMS: Honoraria; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria; Incyte: Consultancy, Honoraria. Mahon:Pfizer: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; BMS: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Incyte Biosciences: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau.

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