scholarly journals The Granulocyte Response to Endotoxin in Patients with Hematologic Disorders

Blood ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 581-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN C. MARSH ◽  
SEYMOUR PERRY
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Bacterial Endotoxin ◽  
Chronic Myelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Hematologic Disorders ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
Myelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Normal Individuals

Abstract Sixty patients with disorders involving the bone marrow were tested with a purified bacterial endotoxin given intravenously. Their leukocyte and granulocyte responses were evaluated based on criteria established in normal individuals and in patients with leukocytosis. Results in patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia, untreated or in relapse, suggest that adequate granulocyte mobilization may still occur if the disease has been of recent onset or if the count has recently started to rise in spite of therapy. Patients in remission demonstrated adequate granulocyte reserves. Most patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia in this study responded well with an increase in the number of granulocytes. Patients with multiple myeloma as a group showed inadequate granulocyte mobilization. This study demonstrates that endotoxin testing is useful for the evaluation of bone marrow granulocyte reserves in patients with hematologic disorders.

scholarly journals Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) terminating in multiple myeloma: report of two cases

Blood ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 532-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
RH Kough ◽  
AZ Makary
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
White Male ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Light Chains ◽  
White Female ◽  
Pathologic Fractures

Abstract Two cases of multiple myeloma (MM) developed late in the course of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). An 81-yr-old white female developed, after 6 yr of CLL, IgAk MM with sheets of plasma cells abutting sheets of lymphocytes in the bone marrow, multiple pathologic fractures, and 0.26 g/24 free k light chains in the urine. A 74-yr-old white male developed, after 16 yr of CLL, k light chain MM with 20% plasma cells in the bone marrow, multiple panthologic fractures, and 3.7 g/24 hr free k light chains in the urine. In both cases the CLL had responded well to intermittent low-dose chlorambucil therapy, but the MM failed to respond to cyclic melphalanprednisone therapy. A review of 105 cases of CLL seen at the Geisinger Medical Center failed to turn up any other cases of MM developing during the course of CLL. The suggestion that there is an increased prevalence of MM in CLL is an attractive one because both diseases are B cell neoplasms and because of the increased frequency of asymptomatic monoclonal gammopathies in CLL found by others.

scholarly journals Plasma Lactic Dehydrogenase and Phosphohexose Isomerase in Leukemia

Blood ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. BLANCHAER ◽  
P. T. GREEN ◽  
J. P. MACLEAN ◽  
M. J. HOLLENBERG
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
White Cell Count ◽  
Lactic Dehydrogenase ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Chronic Myelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Phosphohexose Isomerase ◽  
Myelocytic Leukemia ◽  
Plasma Enzymes

Abstract Two enzymes, lactic dehydrogenase (LD) and phosphohexose isomerase (PHI), were measured in the plasma of 30 patients with leukemia and compared with the findings in 66 control subjects. Abnormally elevated PHI levels were found in both acute and chronic myelocytic leukemia, but not in lymphocytic leukemia. The plasma LD was increased above normal in acute and chronic myelocytic leukemia, in acute lymphocytic, but not in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Both enzymes were normal or only slightly raised in three patients with the aleukemic type of the disease. Hemolytic anemia in seven leukemic patients was associated with high plasma LD values in the presence of relatively low PHI levels. Results of serial enzyme studies from the time of diagnosis until death indicated that both plasma enzymes, but especially the LD, usually reflected changes in the course of the disease-falling during remissions and rising during relapses. In most cases this enzyme paralleled the leukocyte level but occasionally indicated the onset of a relapse or remission before the white cell count had begun to change.

Double Hematological Malignancy: An Unusual Presentation in Three Cases

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 5294-5294
Author(s):  
Rami Y. Haddad ◽  
Navneet Attri ◽  
Yaser Kawar
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Partial Response ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Hematological Malignancies ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Hematological Malignancy ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Refractory Anemia

Abstract The occurrence of more than one hematological malignancy in the same patient is an unusual pathologic condition and may pose a difficult challenge during decision to start various chemotherapy regimens. Cases of solid tumors of lung and gastrointestinal tract have been noted secondary to treatment of hematological malignancies but the occurrence of two hematological malignancies concomitantly is a rare presentation. We describe three cases of coexistent hematological malignancies at our institution. First case describes a 77 yo male with synchronously occurring B cell Non Hodgkin Lymphoma: marginal zone lymphoma (main bone marrow population); Chronic Lymphocytic leukemia (Fluorescent-in–situ hybridization test positive for trisomy 12) and a Monoclonal Beta, elevated IgM, elevated B2. BM evaluation revealed involvement by both processes. The patient has been started on Rituximab recently. The second case is an 85 yo male with findings with peripheral blood flow cytometry consistent with chronic lymphocytic leukemia of B-cell immunophenotype and lymph node biopsy consistent with Follicular Lymphoma. He was found to be BCL2 + on BM and had a normal Karyotype: 46, XY. He was treated with Rituximab ×8 cycles. A follow up PET scan showed partial response. Our third case was an 83 yo man with simultaneous presentation of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and multiple myeloma (MM). This patient had MDS (Refractory anemia with Ring sideroblasts RARS type) and smoldering Multiple myeloma (monoclonal plasma cells 10–15%) bone marrow infiltration which over a course of 3 years transformed into full blown Multiple Myeloma with bone marrow revealing 30–40% plasma cells and osteolytic lesions on skeletal survey. Cytogenetic were normal. He was treated with Lenalidomide (after failure of ESA) and became transfusion in dependent for one year (Hgb rose from baseline of 6–7 to 13 g/dL), after progression to active multiple myeloma he was treated with Thalidomide and Dexamthesone. He achieved a partial response on SPEP. Subsequently he was treated for MDS progression with Azacytidine for 5 cycles with minor hematological benefit (transfusion was less frequently), he recently succumbed to his disease, he was transfusion dependent and became acutely ill after an acute episode of diverticulitis. Patients with MM, MDS have been reported after chemotherapy but few cases documenting the coexistence of MDS and MM at diagnosis have been reported in the literature. Conclusion: In this report, we describe a three cases of double hematological clonal processes or malignancy, all diagnosed at same time, without preceding hematological disorder or chemotherapy, and all required treatment.

scholarly journals Histopathology of Canine Bone Marrow in Malignant Lymphoproliferative Disorders

1988 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Raskin ◽  
J. D. Krehbiel
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disorders ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Metastatic Lesions ◽  
Multicentric Lymphoma

Bone marrow core biopsies from 63 dogs with malignant lymphoproliferative disorders and leukemic involvement were evaluated. Multicentric lymphoma (44), multiple myeloma (8), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (9), and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (2) were found. Four distinct bone marrow histologic patterns were identified: focal (6), mixed (20), interstitial (28), and packed (9). Of those with focal or mixed patterns, 77% (20/26) had paratrabecular distribution. Stromal changes were infrequent, with 6% (4/63) having necrosis, 3% (2/63) fibrosis, and 6% (4/63) osteolysis. For each condition, the interstitial and mixed patterns were the most common presentations, while focal and packed patterns occurred less frequently. Morphologically, cells of metastatic lesions of lymphoma resembled those of primary sites. Colonization of bone marrow by various cytologic types of lymphoma was independent of the histologic patterns.

scholarly journals Bone Marrow Aspirate Clot: A Useful Technique in Diagnosis and Follow-Up of Hematological Disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Lucas Oliveira Cantadori ◽  
Rafael Dezen Gaiolla ◽  
Ligia Niero-Melo ◽  
Cristiano Claudino Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspirate ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Hematopoietic System ◽  
Hematological Disorders ◽  
Morphological Evaluation ◽  
Antigenic Expression

Bone marrow biopsy is a diagnostic tool largely used in the evaluation of a broad number of disorders that could affect the hematopoietic system. Differently, bone marrow aspirate clot technique is rarely performed even though it has been described in literature. Here, we highlight the utility of the bone marrow aspirate clot, exemplifying through the discussion of three clinical cases in which this technique was used for diagnosis and follow-up purposes: megaloblastic hemopathy, multiple myeloma, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Bone marrow clot analysis increases sensitivity to diagnose hemopathies and offers the possibility of morphological evaluation and anatomopathological study, with the advantage of not needing decalcification processes, hence improving antigenic expression in immunohistochemical and FISH techniques. It is an easy-to-perform technique, offering a quick, reliable, and more comfortable procedure for patients.

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