scholarly journals Cell marker analysis in acute monocytic leukemias

Blood ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 895-901
Author(s):  
B Koziner ◽  
S McKenzie ◽  
D Straus ◽  
B Clarkson ◽  
RA Good ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Acute Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Cell Marker ◽  
Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Differentiation Markers ◽  
Marker Analysis ◽  
Multiple Differentiation ◽  
Acetate Esterase ◽  
Alpha Naphthyl Acetate Esterase ◽  
Naphthyl Acetate

Leukemic cells from nine cases of acute monocytic leukemia (AMoL) were characterized by multiple differentiation markers. Cells in most cases were phagocytic, carried an Fc receptor, and stained positively for alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase but negatively for naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase. However, subtle differences in marker expression were observed which suggested different degrees of leukemic cellular maturation or activation. Cell marker analysis proved to be a useful adjunct to conventional morphology in confirming the diagnosis and the recognition of the neoplastic cells in AMoL, and may ultimately provide insight into the functional state of these cells.

scholarly journals Cell marker analysis in acute monocytic leukemias

Blood ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 895-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Koziner ◽  
S McKenzie ◽  
D Straus ◽  
B Clarkson ◽  
RA Good ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Acute Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Cell Marker ◽  
Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Differentiation Markers ◽  
Marker Analysis ◽  
Multiple Differentiation ◽  
Acetate Esterase ◽  
Alpha Naphthyl Acetate Esterase ◽  
Naphthyl Acetate

Abstract Leukemic cells from nine cases of acute monocytic leukemia (AMoL) were characterized by multiple differentiation markers. Cells in most cases were phagocytic, carried an Fc receptor, and stained positively for alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase but negatively for naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase. However, subtle differences in marker expression were observed which suggested different degrees of leukemic cellular maturation or activation. Cell marker analysis proved to be a useful adjunct to conventional morphology in confirming the diagnosis and the recognition of the neoplastic cells in AMoL, and may ultimately provide insight into the functional state of these cells.

Monocytic Leukemia in a Horse

1984 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 394-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Burkhardt ◽  
F. v. Saldern ◽  
B. Huskamp
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Impaired Performance ◽  
History Of ◽  
Acetate Esterase ◽  
Generalized Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Naphthyl Acetate

On clinical examination, a six-year-old Hassian gray gelding with a history of impaired performance, slight cough, colic, and edema of the ventral abdomen, prepuce and the legs had reduced skin turgor, pale mucous membranes, forced costoabdominal breathing, reduced venous return, enlarged lymph nodes, and splenomegaly. Hematologic findings revealed anemia, leukocytosis and a high percentage of monocytoid leukemic cells. Generalized lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, ascites, hydrothorax, and a diffusely thickened gut wall were found at necropsy. Massive infiltration with monocytoid leukemic cells was detected in lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow, liver, gut wall, kidneys, and choroid plexus. Incubation of living cells obtained from a leukocyte concentrate with latex particles revealed phagocytosis in the leukemic cells on light and electron microscopy. The leukemic cells also had a marked α-naphthyl-acetate and naphthol-AS-acetate esterase activity, but were only weakly positive to naphthol-AS-D-chloroacetate esterase. A very weak alkaline phosphatase activity only was demonstrated in a few leukemic cells. On scanning electron microscopy, the leukemic cells had prominent ruffles and ridge-like profiles. These features of the leukemic cells excluded lymphocytic and granulocytic leukemia, and monocytic leukemia was diagnosed.

scholarly journals Chromosome pattern in childhood acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL)

Blood ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Kaneko ◽  
JD Rowley ◽  
HS Maurer ◽  
D Variakojis ◽  
JW Moohr
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Normal Karyotype ◽  
Chromosome Abnormalities ◽  
Host Susceptibility ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Karyotypic Analysis ◽  
Chromosome Pattern ◽  
Acetate Esterase ◽  
Alpha Naphthyl Acetate Esterase ◽  
Naphthyl Acetate

Abstract We studied the karyotype in 26 children with ANLL, which was diagnosed on the basis of the FAB classification. Clonal chromosome abnormalities were found in 21 of 26 patients. Four patients, including 3 with Down's syndrome, had AML(M1). Nine patients, including 3 with t(8;21), had AML(M2). All 3 patients with APL(M3) had t(15;17). Four patients had AMMOL(M4); 3 of these had a normal karyotype. Six patients had AMOL(M5); 5 and 11q rearrangements, and 3 of these had a break in 11q23. Only one patient had EL(M6), and he had a normal karyotype. One patient with t(11;19), classified as AML(M2) on Wright-Giemsa-stained cells, had a strong alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase reaction, indicating that the leukemic cells had a cytochemical feature characteristic of monocytes. Whereas t(8;21) and t(15;17) are uniquely associated with AML(M2) and APL(M3), respectively, the 11q rearrangements are also seen in AML(M1/M2), although they are more common in AMOL(M5) and AMMOL(M4). The case with t(11;19) suggests that cells with 11q rearrangements and with AML(M1/M2) may have both monocytic and granulocytic features. When we used our data and previous reports on 243 aneuploid patients (169 adults and 74 children) to correlate the chromosome abnormalities with patient age, we found differences in the chromosome pattern seen among various age groups. This suggests that different etiologic factors as well as changes in host susceptibility may influence the development of and the karyotypic pattern in the various types of leukemia. Moreover, the frequency of various chromosome abnormalities in childhood ANLL can provide a baseline for comparison of the frequency of the same abnormality in adults. The karyotypic analysis of childhood ANLL is important not only because of the information that can be obtained about childhood ANLL, but also because the data can provide substantial insight into the etiology of ANLL in adults.

scholarly journals Chromosome pattern in childhood acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL)

Blood ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Kaneko ◽  
JD Rowley ◽  
HS Maurer ◽  
D Variakojis ◽  
JW Moohr
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Normal Karyotype ◽  
Chromosome Abnormalities ◽  
Host Susceptibility ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Karyotypic Analysis ◽  
Chromosome Pattern ◽  
Acetate Esterase ◽  
Alpha Naphthyl Acetate Esterase ◽  
Naphthyl Acetate

We studied the karyotype in 26 children with ANLL, which was diagnosed on the basis of the FAB classification. Clonal chromosome abnormalities were found in 21 of 26 patients. Four patients, including 3 with Down's syndrome, had AML(M1). Nine patients, including 3 with t(8;21), had AML(M2). All 3 patients with APL(M3) had t(15;17). Four patients had AMMOL(M4); 3 of these had a normal karyotype. Six patients had AMOL(M5); 5 and 11q rearrangements, and 3 of these had a break in 11q23. Only one patient had EL(M6), and he had a normal karyotype. One patient with t(11;19), classified as AML(M2) on Wright-Giemsa-stained cells, had a strong alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase reaction, indicating that the leukemic cells had a cytochemical feature characteristic of monocytes. Whereas t(8;21) and t(15;17) are uniquely associated with AML(M2) and APL(M3), respectively, the 11q rearrangements are also seen in AML(M1/M2), although they are more common in AMOL(M5) and AMMOL(M4). The case with t(11;19) suggests that cells with 11q rearrangements and with AML(M1/M2) may have both monocytic and granulocytic features. When we used our data and previous reports on 243 aneuploid patients (169 adults and 74 children) to correlate the chromosome abnormalities with patient age, we found differences in the chromosome pattern seen among various age groups. This suggests that different etiologic factors as well as changes in host susceptibility may influence the development of and the karyotypic pattern in the various types of leukemia. Moreover, the frequency of various chromosome abnormalities in childhood ANLL can provide a baseline for comparison of the frequency of the same abnormality in adults. The karyotypic analysis of childhood ANLL is important not only because of the information that can be obtained about childhood ANLL, but also because the data can provide substantial insight into the etiology of ANLL in adults.

scholarly journals Studies in acute leukemia. I. Antibody-dependent and spontaneous cellular cytotoxicity by leukemic blasts from patients with acute nonlymphoid leukemia

Blood ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 573-580
Author(s):  
G Fernandes ◽  
T Garrett ◽  
M Nair ◽  
D Straus ◽  
RA Good ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fc Receptors ◽  
Surface Antigens ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Acute Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Cellular Cytotoxicity ◽  
Antibody Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity ◽  
Adcc Activity ◽  
Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
K562 Cell Line ◽  
Cell Surface Antigens

Leukemic blasts from patients with acute nonlymphoid leukemia were examined for the presence of Ig, receptors for IgGFc, and for their capacity to mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against chicken red blood cells (RBC) coated with IgG and spontaneous cell-mediated cytotoxicity (SCMC) against cells of K562 cell line. Leukemic blasts from acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) patients lacked both Fc receptors and Ig on their surface, had no SCMC activity and majority, but not all of them, lacked ADCC activity. Leukemic blasts from patients with acute monocytic leukemia (AMOL) had Fc receptors, and 50% had IgG on their surface. IgG was cytophilic and appeared not to be directed against cell-surface antigens. This antibody did not interfere with the ADCC activity of leukemic cells. Leukemic blasts from majority of patients with AMOL mediated ADCC, but had no SCMC activity. An association between ADCC and presence of Fc receptor was observed.

scholarly journals Antileukemic activity of novel adenosine derivatives

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastazja Poczta ◽  
Aneta Rogalska ◽  
Małgorzata Łukawska ◽  
Agnieszka Marczak
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Intracellular Calcium ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Dna Lesions ◽  
Proteinase K ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Acute Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
High Cytotoxicity ◽  
Atr Kinase

Abstract The present study investigated the effect of cladribine (CLA) and six of its derivatives containing a formamidine group at position 6 (CLA-FDM, CLA-FPAZ, CLA-FPIR, CLA-FPIP, CLA-FHEX, and CLA-FMOR) on acute promyelocytic, lymphoblastic, and acute monocytic leukemia cells. The role of ATR kinase in deoxycytidine kinase (dCK) activation in response to DNA damage was assessed. The presence of DNA lesions was assessed by measurement phosphorylation of H2AX and by using the alkaline comet assay with proteinase K post-treatment following assessment of the cell cycle. Apoptotic events such as alterations in intracellular calcium concentration, caspase-3/7 activity and increased sub-G1 cell population were measured. CLA derivatives were highly effective against leukemic cells, showing high cytotoxicity, causing DNA fragmentation, and inducing DNA-protein cross-links in leukemic cells. CLA-FMOR showed the highest efficacy. CLA derivatives increased the levels of intracellular calcium ions, caspase-3/7 and the percentage of sub-G1 apoptotic cells and blocked cells in the S phase of the cell cycle to a greater extent than free CLA. The selective ATR inhibitor VE-821 significantly suppressed the increase in dCK activity and decreased basal dCK activity. The present results suggested that ATR kinase controls dCK activity in response to synthetic CLA derivatives.

scholarly journals Rapid method for identification of macrophages in suspension by acid alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase activity.

1983 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 960-963 ◽  
Author(s):  
D L Ennist ◽  
K H Jones
Keyword(s):  
Azo Dye ◽  
Close Agreement ◽  
Staining Procedure ◽  
Inexpensive Method ◽  
Morphological Criteria ◽  
Acetate Esterase ◽  
Alpha Naphthyl Acetate Esterase ◽  
Rats And Mice ◽  
Naphthyl Acetate ◽  
Supravital Staining

A supravital staining procedure for the identification of macrophages in cell suspension using a modification of a standard cytochemical assay for alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) activity is described. Macrophages are stained an intense red-brown after 5 min incubation in a buffer using ANAE as the substrate and hexazonium pararosaniline as the coupler for the azo dye. There is close agreement in the number of ANAE-positive cells found and the number of macrophages identified in smears by morphological criteria, by phagocytosis, and by the presence of Fc receptors. Therefore, this stain provides a quick, inexpensive method to estimate the number of macrophages present in suspensions of lymphocytic tissues from rats and mice.

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