Effect of acute alcohol intoxication on granulocyte mobilization and kinetics

Abstract Granulocyte mobilization into skin abrasions in human volunteers was significantly inhibited by acute alcohol intoxication (45,-800 cells in 8 hr versus 353,000 in normal controls). Alcohol applied locally did not inhibit granulocyte delivery, and protection of the abrasion against heat loss did not reduce the inhibited delivery in intoxicated volunteers. Intoxication inhibited granulocyte adherence and local mobilization in parallel. Alcohol administration to rabbits shifted granulocytes from marginal to circulating pool in a manner similar to epinephrine. Mobilization of bone marrow granulocytes by glucocorticoid or endotoxin administration was not inhibited by intoxication, nor did it prevent the endotoxin-induced shift of granulocytes from circulating to marginal pool.

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Effect of acute alcohol intoxication on granulocyte mobilization and kinetics

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v52.3.551.bloodjournal523551 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 52 (3) ◽

pp. 551-559

Author(s):

SJ Gluckman ◽

RR MacGregor

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Heat Loss ◽

Alcohol Intoxication ◽

Acute Alcohol Intoxication ◽

Endotoxin Administration ◽

Alcohol Administration ◽

Human Volunteers ◽

Normal Controls ◽

Bone Marrow Granulocytes

Granulocyte mobilization into skin abrasions in human volunteers was significantly inhibited by acute alcohol intoxication (45,-800 cells in 8 hr versus 353,000 in normal controls). Alcohol applied locally did not inhibit granulocyte delivery, and protection of the abrasion against heat loss did not reduce the inhibited delivery in intoxicated volunteers. Intoxication inhibited granulocyte adherence and local mobilization in parallel. Alcohol administration to rabbits shifted granulocytes from marginal to circulating pool in a manner similar to epinephrine. Mobilization of bone marrow granulocytes by glucocorticoid or endotoxin administration was not inhibited by intoxication, nor did it prevent the endotoxin-induced shift of granulocytes from circulating to marginal pool.

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THE INFLUENCE OF VITAMIN C ON EOSINOPHIL RESPONSE TO ACUTE ALCOHOL INTOXICATION IN RATS

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.xxxv0585 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol XXXV (IV) ◽

pp. 585-593 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

T. P. J. Vanha-Perttula

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Ethyl Alcohol ◽

Intraperitoneal Injection ◽

Alcohol Intoxication ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Acute Alcohol Intoxication ◽

Alcohol Administration ◽

Initial Values

ABSTRACT The effect of ethyl alcohol on the circulating eosinophil cells has been studied in female albino rats. An intoxicating dose of alcohol caused a marked depletion of circulating eosinophils which was most clearly evident four hours after the administration of the alcohol. The initial values were not reached before 24 hours had elapsed. Intraperitoneal injection of vitamin C 12 hours prior to the alcohol administration very effectively prevented this eosinopenic reaction. The mechanism of regulation of the eosinophil cells in the circulation has been discussed in the light of previous results and of those obtained in this study.

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Acute alcohol intoxication inhibits the bone marrow lin-c-kit+Sca-1+VEGFR2+ cell response to septicemia

Alcohol ◽

10.1016/j.alcohol.2009.09.019 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 43 (8) ◽

pp. 670

Author(s):

Robert W. Siggins ◽

David A. Welsh ◽

Gregory J. Bagby ◽

Steve Nelson ◽

Ping Zhang

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Cell Response ◽

Alcohol Intoxication ◽

Acute Alcohol Intoxication

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Acute alcohol intoxication enhances myocardial eIF4G phosphorylation despite reducing mTOR signaling

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.00440.2004 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 288 (1) ◽

pp. H121-H128 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Thomas C. Vary ◽

Gina Deiter ◽

Stacy A. Goodman

Keyword(s):

Complex Formation ◽

Alcohol Intoxication ◽

Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin ◽

Mrna Translation ◽

Mtor Signaling ◽

Initiation Factor ◽

Translational Efficiency ◽

Acute Alcohol Intoxication ◽

Alcohol Administration ◽

Mtor Phosphorylation

Acute alcohol intoxication impairs myocardial protein synthesis in rats, secondary to a diminished mRNA translational efficiency. Decreased mRNA translational efficiency occurs through altered regulation of peptide chain initiation. The purpose of the present set of experiments was to determine whether acute alcohol intoxication alters the phosphorylation state of eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 4G, eIF4G·eIF4E complex formation, and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in the heart. Acute alcohol intoxication was induced by injection of alcohol (75 mmol/kg body wt ip). Control animals received an equal volume of saline. Alcohol administration enhanced phosphorylation of eIF4G (Ser1108) approximately threefold. Alcohol administration lowered formation of the active eIF4G·eIF4E complex by >90%, whereas it increased the abundance of the inactive 4E-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1)·eIF4E complex by ∼160%. Phosphorylation of mTOR on Ser2448 and Ser2481 was decreased by 50%. Reduced mTOR phosphorylation did not result from decreased phosphorylation of PKB. Phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 and S6 kinase 1 (Thr389), downstream targets of mTOR, were also reduced after acute alcohol administration. These data suggest that acute alcohol-induced impairments in myocardial mRNA translation initiation result, in part, from marked decreases in eIF4G·eIF4E complex formation, which appear to be independent of changes in phosphorylation of eIF4G but dependent on mTOR.

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2442

Journal of Clinical and Translational Science ◽

10.1017/cts.2017.232 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (S1) ◽

pp. 65-65

Author(s):

Brandi Fink ◽

Eric D. Claus ◽

James F. Cavanagh ◽

Derek A. Hamilton ◽

Sarah Salway

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Emotion Regulation ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Alcohol Intoxication ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Acute Alcohol Intoxication ◽

Alcohol Administration ◽

Main Effect ◽

Alcohol Condition ◽

History Of

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of alcohol and evocative stimuli on heart rate variability (HRV) in partners with a history of intimate partner violence in a placebo-controlled alcohol administration study with an emotion-regulation task. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: In total, 17 partners (9 females, 8 males) with a history of partner violence participated in a placebo-controlled alcohol administration study with an emotion-regulation task during which HRV measures were collected. In the alcohol condition, participants were administered a mixture of 100 proof vodka and cranberry juice calculated to raise their blood alcohol concentration (BAC) to 0.08%. In the placebo condition, participants consumed a volume of juice equivalent to that consumed in the alcohol condition, but without alcohol. Alcohol and placebo conditions were counter-balanced across participants as were the presentation the blocks of evocative and neutral partner stimuli. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Controlling for baseline HRV, there was a significant main effect of stimuli (evocative vs. neutral partner stimuli) on HRV in intoxicated partners, F1,16=16.28, p=0.004. There was also a significant main effect of regulation on HRV under conditions acute alcohol intoxication, F1,16=23.55, p=0.001. These effects tell us that intoxicated partners experienced reduced HRV when exposed to evocative stimuli from their partners. These effects also tell us that under acute alcohol intoxication, partners were less able to regulate their emotion when exposed to evocative stimuli than when they consumed a placebo beverage. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: These results suggest that increases in intimate partner violence under acute alcohol intoxication may be the result of reduce HRV. This reduction in HRV would contribute to partners’ inability to response with adaptively in conflict when intoxicated. They also suggest that HRV may be an important target for intervention with partner with a history of intimate partner violence. One method may be Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback which has been shown to increase parasympathetic nervous system functioning, autonomic stability, and emotion regulation.

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Impairment of Hematopoietic Precursor Cell Activation during the Granulopoietic Response to Bacteremia in Mice with Chronic-Plus-Binge Alcohol Administration

Infection and Immunity ◽

10.1128/iai.00369-17 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 85 (11) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Xin Shi ◽

Yuan-Ping Lin ◽

Bin Gao ◽

Ping Zhang

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Cell Activation ◽

Alcohol Intoxication ◽

White Blood Cells ◽

Alcohol Exposure ◽

Precursor Cell ◽

Immune Defense ◽

Content Type ◽

Alcohol Administration ◽

Hematopoietic Precursor

ABSTRACT Alcohol abuse impairs immune defense. To study the effect of chronic-plus-binge alcohol exposure on the granulopoietic response, acute alcohol intoxication (intraperitoneal injection of 5 g alcohol/kg body weight) was introduced to mice chronically fed on the Lieber-DeCarli low-fat liquid alcohol diet for 5 weeks. Bacteremia was induced by intravenous injection of Escherichia coli. Bacteremia caused a remarkable increase in marrow lin− c-kit+ Sca-1+ cells. Activation of cell proliferation supported the increase in marrow lin− c-kit+ Sca-1+ cells. Alcohol administration inhibited this activation of lin− c-kit+ Sca-1+ cells. The bone marrow of pair-fed control mice receiving intraperitoneal saline stored a large number of mature granulocytes expressing a high level of Gr1 (Gr1hi cells). The proportion of Gr1hi cells and the total number of Gr1+ cells were markedly reduced in the bone marrow, along with an increase in the ratio of Gr1+ granulocytes in peripheral white blood cells following bacteremia. E. coli infection stimulated proliferation of granulopoietic precursor cells, resulting in a marked increase in the ratio of immature Gr1lo cells in the bone marrow. Alcohol administration itself triggered marrow release of Gr1+ cells, resulting in reduction of the marrow granulocyte reserve with an elevation of granulocytes in the circulation. Alcohol also impaired activation of granulopoietic precursor proliferation following bacteremia. Alcohol disrupted lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-TLR4-ERK1/2-cyclin D1 signaling and inhibited upregulation of Sca-1 and C/EBPβ expression by lineage-negative marrow cells in response to bacteremia. These results indicate that chronic-plus-binge alcohol exposure inhibits the granulopoietic response by disrupting key cell signaling for hematopoietic precursor cell activation and commitment to granulocyte lineage development.

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