smoking has a protective effects on functional and inflammatory parameters in workers exposed to artificial stone dust

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noa Ophir ◽  
Amir Bar Shai ◽  
Yifat Alcalay ◽  
Yehuda Schwarz ◽  
Rafi Korenstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Parameters ◽  
Stone Dust ◽  
Artificial Stone

scholarly journals Artificial stone dust-induced functional and inflammatory abnormalities in exposed workers monitored quantitatively by biometrics

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 00086-2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noa Ophir ◽  
Amir Bar Shai ◽  
Yifat Alkalay ◽  
Shani Israeli ◽  
Rafi Korenstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Induced Sputum ◽  
Dust Exposure ◽  
Natural Quartz ◽  
Inflammatory Parameters ◽  
Stone Dust ◽  
Exposed Workers ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Artificial Stone

The manufacture of kitchen and bath countertops in Israel is based mainly on artificial stone that contains 93% silica as natural quartz, and ∼3500 workers are involved in cutting and processing it. Artificial stone produces high concentrations of silica dust. Exposure to crystalline silica may cause silicosis, an irreversible lung disease. Our aim was to screen exposed workers by quantitative biometric monitoring of functional and inflammatory parameters.68 exposed artificial stone workers were compared to 48 nonexposed individuals (controls). Exposed workers filled in questionnaires, and all participants underwent pulmonary function tests and induced sputum analyses. Silica was quantitated by a Niton XL3 X-ray fluorescence spectrometer.Pulmonary function test results of exposed workers were significantly lower and induced sputa showed significantly higher neutrophilic inflammation compared to controls; both processes were slowed down by the use of protective measures in the workplace. Particle size distribution in induced sputum samples of exposed workers was similar to that of artificial stone dust, which contained aluminium, zirconium and titanium in addition to silica.In conclusion, the quantitation of biometric parameters is useful for monitoring workers exposed to artificial stone in order to avoid deterioration over time.

scholarly journals Functional, inflammatory and interstitial impairment due to artificial stone dust ultrafine particles exposure

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 875-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noa Ophir ◽  
Amir Bar Shai ◽  
Rafi Korenstein ◽  
Mordechai R Kramer ◽  
Elizabeth Fireman
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Ultrafine Particles ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Single Breath ◽  
Stone Dust ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Artificial Stone

ObjectiveArtificial stone dust (ASD) contains high levels of ultrafine particles (UFP <1 µm) which penetrate deeply into the lungs. This study aimed to demonstrate the direct effect of UFP in the lungs of ASD-exposed workers on functional inflammatory and imaging parameters.Methods68 workers with up to 20 years of ASD exposure at the workplace were recruited from small enterprises throughout the country and compared with 48 non-exposed individuals. Pulmonary function test (PFT), CT, induced sputum (IS) and cytokine analyses were performed by conventional methods. The CT scans were evaluated for features indicative of silicosis in three zones of each lung. UFP were quantitated by the NanoSight LM20 system (NanoSight, Salisbury) using the Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis. Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels were measured by Luminex (R&D Systems).ResultsThirty-four patients had CT scores between 0 and 42, and 29 of them were diagnosed with silicosis. Content of the UFP retrieved from IS supernatants correlated negatively with the PFT results (total lung capacity r=−0.347, p=0.011; forced expiratory volume in 1 s r=−0.299, p=0.046; diffusion lung carbon monoxide in a single breath r=−0.425, p=0.004) and with the CT score (r=0.378, p=0.023), and with the inflammatory cytokines IL-8 (r=0.336, p=0.024), IL-6 (r=0.294, p=0.065) and TNF-α (r=0.409, p=0.007). Raw material of ASD was left to sedimentate in water for <15 min, and 50% of the floating particles were UFP. A cut-off of 8×106 UFP/mL in IS samples had a sensitivity of 77% to predict pulmonary disease.ConclusionsThis is the first demonstration of an association between UFP-related decreased PFT results, worsening of CT findings and elevation of inflammatory cytokines, which may be attributed to high-dose inhalation of UFP of ASD at the workplace.

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Açai in Combination with Vitamin C against Aluminum-Induced Toxicity in Rat Liver

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nevien Mahmoud Ahmed ◽  
Fatma A. M. Hamaad
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Super Oxide Dismutase ◽  
Biochemical Alterations ◽  
Inflammatory Parameters ◽  
Antioxidant Parameters ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Aluminum is associated with the pathogenesis of several diseases. Açai has recently emerged as a natural source of antioxidants. The present study was conducted to evaluate the protective effect of Açai in combination with vitamin C against the aluminum chloride induced toxicity. Seventy rats were divided into 7 groups:- Group (GP) 1: control group, GP 2: treated with AlCl3, GP 3: treated with Açai, GP 4: treated with vitamin C, GP 5: treated with AlCl3 and Açai , GP 6: treated with AlCl3 and vitamin C, GP 7: treated with AlCl3, Açai and vitamin C. After 4 weeks, blood and liver specimens were collected to evaluate biochemical alterations and hepatic antioxidant and inflammatory parameters. AlCl3 treatment decreased liver enzymes (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate amino transferase, alkaline phosphatase), tumor necrosis factor-α and IL-6 while hepatic malondialdehyde was elevated. In contrast, hepatic glutathione, super oxide dismutase, catalase were decreased. Açai and vitamin C treatment improved the adverse effects induced by AlCl3, while co-administration with vitamin C promoted the action of açai on hepatic damage and antioxidant parameters. Açai showed a protective effect against AlCl3 induced toxicity, particularly in combination with vitamin C.

Melatonin reduces high levels of lipid peroxidation induced by potassium iodate in porcine thyroid

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina Iwan ◽  
Jan Stepniak ◽  
Malgorzata Karbownik-Lewinska
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Iodine Concentration ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Potassium Iodate ◽  
Hormone Synthesis

Abstract. Iodine is essential for thyroid hormone synthesis. Under normal iodine supply, calculated physiological iodine concentration in the thyroid is approx. 9 mM. Either potassium iodide (KI) or potassium iodate (KIO3) are used in iodine prophylaxis. KI is confirmed as absolutely safe. KIO3 possesses chemical properties suggesting its potential toxicity. Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is an effective antioxidant and free radical scavenger. Study aims: to evaluate potential protective effects of melatonin against oxidative damage to membrane lipids (lipid peroxidation, LPO) induced by KI or KIO3 in porcine thyroid. Homogenates of twenty four (24) thyroids were incubated in presence of either KI or KIO3 without/with melatonin (5 mM). As melatonin was not effective against KI-induced LPO, in the next step only KIO3 was used. Homogenates were incubated in presence of KIO3 (200; 100; 50; 25; 20; 15; 10; 7.5; 5.0; 2.5; 1.25 mM) without/with melatonin or 17ß-estradiol. Five experiments were performed with different concentrations of melatonin (5.0; 2.5; 1.25; 1.0; 0.625 mM) and one with 17ß-estradiol (1.0 mM). Malondialdehyde + 4-hydroxyalkenals (MDA + 4-HDA) concentration (LPO index) was measured spectrophotometrically. KIO3 increased LPO with the strongest damaging effect (MDA + 4-HDA level: ≈1.28 nmol/mg protein, p < 0.05) revealed at concentrations of around 15 mM, thus corresponding to physiological iodine concentrations in the thyroid. Melatonin reduced LPO (MDA + 4-HDA levels: from ≈0.97 to ≈0,76 and from ≈0,64 to ≈0,49 nmol/mg protein, p < 0.05) induced by KIO3 at concentrations of 10 mM or 7.5 mM. Conclusion: Melatonin can reduce very strong oxidative damage to membrane lipids caused by KIO3 used in doses resulting in physiological iodine concentrations in the thyroid.

Paraoxonase-1 and myeloperoxidase correlate with vascular biomarkers in overweight patients with newly diagnosed untreated hyperlipidaemia

VASA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 370-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Szentpéteri ◽  
Noémi Zsíros ◽  
Viktória E. Varga ◽  
Hajnalka Lőrincz ◽  
Mónika Katkó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Oxidized Ldl ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Cd40 Ligand ◽  
Paraoxonase 1 ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Pon1 Activity ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 ◽  
Inflammatory Parameters ◽  
Vascular Biomarkers

Abstract. Background: In hyperlipidaemic state, increased levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and decreased paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity have been reported; however, their relationships with other atherosclerotic biomarkers have not been completely clarified. Patients and methods: Serum concentrations of lipid and inflammatory parameters, MPO levels, and PON1 activities were investigated in 167 untreated hyperlipidaemic patients with and without vascular complications and in 32 healthy controls. Additionally, levels of CD40 ligand (sCD40L) and asymmetric dimethyl arginine (ADMA), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and oxidized LDL were determined. Results: We found elevated C-reactive protein (CRP), ADMA, sCD40L, sICAM-1 concentrations, and higher MPO levels in patients with vascular complications compared to those without. The PON1 arylesterase activity correlated negatively with sCD40L, ADMA, and sICAM-1 levels, respectively. In contrast, MPO concentrations showed positive correlations with sCD40L, ADMA, and sICAM-1 levels, respectively. Conclusions: It can therefore be stated that PON1 activity and MPO level correlate strongly with the vascular biomarkers, highlighting the importance of the HDL-associated pro- and antioxidant enzymes in the development of endothelial dysfunction and atherogenesis.

Protective Effects of Self-Forgiveness on Alcohol Abuse Depend on Severity of Shame

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip A. Ianni ◽  
Kenneth E. Hart ◽  
Stephen Hibbard ◽  
Michelle Carroll ◽  
Tobi Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Self Forgiveness
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