Environment friendly concrete block made from Portland cement and aggregate replacement materials

This research work investigated the properties of concrete block made from Portland cement and aggregate replacement materials. Portland cement (PC) was replaced by fly ash (FA) at 10%, 20%, 30% and sand was replaced by bottom ash (BA) at 10% by weight. Water was used at 7% by weight of total solid mass. Binder : Sand : Stone dust ratio of 1 : 5 : 6, 1 : 4 : 5 and 1 : 3.5 : 4.5 were used. Compressive strength were tested after curing in air for 28 days. The results showed that compressive strength of 1 : 5 : 6 ratio was lower than others. Concrete block replaced PC by fly ash had lower compressive strength when amount of fly ash increased. Concrete block had lower compressive strength when replaced sand by bottom ash. As a result, the mixes with FA as PC replacement and BA as sand replacement at the ratio of 1 : 5 : 6 did not meet the requirement of Thai industrial standard. However, concrete block with PC replaced by fly ash at 10%, 20% and sand replaced by bottom ash at 10% of 1 : 3.5 : 4.5 ratio was higher than 1 : 5 : 6 ratio and this ratio meet the requirement of Thai industrial standard.

Mechanical and Durability Characteristics of Eco-Friendly Fly Ash Bricks

This paper presents an experimental investigation carried out on eco-friendly fly ash bricks having various percentage of fly ash, lime, gypsum, stone dust, coarse aggregate and boiler slag. Raw materials are added to the pan mixer with different mix proportions and are mixed thoroughly with water until a homogeneous mixture is formed. Prepared homogeneous mixture is fed into the press and moulded to a brick of size 200 x 200 x 300 mm using vibro-hydraulic press. Moulded bricks are air dried for 24 hours, arranged in stacks and are cured for a period of 28 days by sprinkling the water to achieve the optimum strength. Compressive strength, water absorption, efflorescence, dimension tolerance and density tests are conducted as per BIS codal provisions. Eco friendly fly ash bricks having varying proportions of industrial by-products with less content of stone dust satisfy compressive, water absorption, efflorescence, dimensional tolerance and density requirements as per BIS codal provisions and can be used in structures as a sustainable construction material. Keywords: Eco-friendly fly ash bricks, Compressive strength, Water absorption, Efflorescence, Dimension tolerance and Density

Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate Using Waste Materials in Concrete as Roof Tile: A Review

The use of waste material as a partial replacement has become popular in concrete mixture studies. Many research has utilized waste materials like cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, and reinforcing materials substitute. The current paper focuses on some of the waste elements that are utilized in a concrete mortar (use in roof tile) as a partial replacement for fine aggregates such as rubber ash, sawdust, seashells, crumb rubber, pistachio shells, cinder sand, stone dust, and copper slag. There are many variations of mix proportion and water-cement ratio for every waste material. Compressive strength was compared and found that stone dust and the combination of seashell and coconut fiber shows an incensement when used to replacing fine aggregate. The suitable replacement level for stone dust is 25% and 50%. While the suitable replacement levels for the combination of sea shell and coconut fiber are 20% and 30%. Material from the rubber families such as rubber crumb and rubber ash is only suitable for replacement levels. Rubber families especially rubber crumbs have shown low water absorption value which is good in the production of roofing products. As we know, the roof should have waterproof properties to prevent any leaks from happening when it rains. Most of the waste materials added as fine aggregates in concrete have increased the amount of water absorption and found that sawdust is the most abundant material with a high percentage of water absorption compared to the others. Research on the partial replacement of fine aggregates replaced with waste materials is needed more extensively to provide more confidence about their use in concrete mortars, especially on roof tiles.

Experimental study of concrete prepared by kota stone dust, bagasse ash, and recycled concrete

This paper mainly deals with the cost analysis of the concrete which is prepared using environmental waste which forms pollution and having its disposable issue also. This concrete may be termed as green concrete because the use of these materials decreases the harmful gas formation of the concrete. This paper deals with Kota Stone Dust, Bagasse Ash, and Recycled coarse aggregates. The concrete is prepared by the various ratios of Kota Stone in order of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30%. The use of bagasse ash was done in ratio 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and use of Recycled Aggregate was done in ratio of 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%. After the successful experimental study of concrete using this material the cost reduction for M25 grade of concrete was found to be 645 INR.

A Comparative Study on Soil Stabilization Relevant to Transport Infrastructure using Bagasse Ash and Stone Dust and Cost Effectiveness

Soft ground improvement to provide stable foundations for infrastructure is national priority for most countries. Weak soil may initiate instability to foundations reducing their lifespan, which necessitates the adoption of a suitable soil stabilization method. Amongst various soil stabilization techniques, using appropriate admixtures is quite popular. The present study aims to investigate the suitability of bagasse ash and stone dust as the admixtures for stabilizing soft clay, in terms of compaction and penetration characteristics. The studies were conducted by means of a series of laboratory experimentations with standard Proctor compaction and CBR tests. From the test results it was observed that adding bagasse ash and stone dust significantly upgraded the compaction and penetration properties, specifically the values of optimum moisture content, maximum dry density and CBR. Comparison of test results with available data on similar experiments conducted by other researchers were also performed. Lastly, a study on the cost effectiveness for transport embankment construction with the treated soils, based on local site conditions in the study area of Assam, India, was carried out. The results are analyzed and interpreted, and the relevant conclusions are drawn therefrom. The limitations and recommendations for future research are also included. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091771 Full Text: PDF