scholarly journals Analysis of coding variants in the betacellulin gene in type 2 diabetes and insulin secretion in African American subjects

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven C Elbein ◽  
Xiaoqin Wang ◽  
Mohammad A Karim ◽  
Winston S Chu ◽  
Kristi D Silver
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
African American ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Coding Variants

scholarly journals Analysis of Osteocalcin as a Candidate Gene for Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) and Intermediate Traits in Caucasians and African Americans

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 281-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swapan K. Das ◽  
Neeraj K. Sharma ◽  
Steven C. Elbein
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
African American ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Glucose Disposal ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Case Control Studies

Recent studies in mice and human identified osteocalcin (OCN) as a bone-derived hormone that modulates insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity. OCN is synthesized by the bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein (BGLAP) gene located in the well replicated region of type 2 diabetes (T2D) linkage on chromosome 1q22. We resequencedBGLAPgene in 192 individuals with T2D and performed case-control studies in 766 Caucasian (461 T2D and 305 controls) and 563 African American individuals (371 T2D and 192 controls). Metabolic effects ofBGLAPvariants were examined in 127 nondiabetic members of Caucasian T2D families and in 498 unrelated nondiabetic African American and Caucasian individuals.BGLAPexpression was tested in transformed lymphocytes from 60 Caucasian individuals. We identified 17 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in African Americans, but observed only the two known SNPs in Caucasians. No SNP was associated with T2D. Promoter SNP rs1800247 was not associated with metabolic traits including insulin sensitivity (SI) or fasting glucose in either population, but nonsynonymous SNP rs34702397 (R94Q) was nominally associated with SI(uncorrectedp= 0.05) and glucose-mediated glucose disposal (SG; uncorrectedp= 0.03) in African Americans. No SNP altered measures of insulin secretion or obesity, nor wasBGLAPexpression associated with rs1800247. Our study was sufficiently powered to excludeBGLAPvariants as a major risk factor (OR > 1.5) for T2D in Caucasians, but coding variants in exon 4 may alter glucose homeostasis and diabetes risk in African Americans.

1516-P: A Comparison of the Contributions of Impaired Insulin Secretion and Insulin Resistance to the Development of Type 2 Diabetes in a Japanese Community: The Hisayama Study

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1516-P
Author(s):  
MASAHITO YOSHINARI ◽  
YOICHIRO HIRAKAWA ◽  
JUN HATA ◽  
MAYU HIGASHIOKA ◽  
TAKANORI HONDA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Impaired Insulin Secretion ◽  
Impaired Insulin

755-P: A Plant-Based Meal Stimulates Incretin and Insulin Secretion More than an Energy- and Macronutrient-Matched Standard Meal in Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Crossover Study

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 755-P
Author(s):  
HANA KAHLEOVA ◽  
ANDREA TURA ◽  
MARTA KLEMENTOVA ◽  
LENKA BELINOVA ◽  
MARTIN HALUZIK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Crossover Study ◽  
Standard Meal ◽  
Randomized Crossover Study

110-OR: Type 2 Diabetes (T2D)–Associated TCF7L2 Genetic Variants and Indices of Insulin Secretion and Sensitivity in Individuals at Risk for Type 1 Diabetes (T1D)

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 110-OR
Author(s):  
MARIA J. REDONDO ◽  
MEGAN V. WARNOCK ◽  
LAURA E. BOCCHINO ◽  
SUSAN GEYER ◽  
ALBERTO PUGLIESE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Genetic Variants

Echinops Spp. Polysaccharide B Ameliorates Metabolic Abnormalities in a Rat Model of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-114
Author(s):  
Guang Hao ◽  
Xiaoyu Ma ◽  
Mengru Jiang ◽  
Zhenzhen Gao ◽  
Ying Yang
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Insulin Receptor ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Insulin Receptor Substrate ◽  
Sprague Dawley

This study examined the in vivo effects of Echinops spp. polysaccharide B on type 2 diabetes mellitus in Sprague-Dawley rats. We constructed a type 2 diabetes mellitus Sprague-Dawley rat models by feeding a high-fat and high-sugar diet plus intraperitoneal injection of a small dose of streptozotocin. Using this diabetic rat model, different doses of Echinops polysaccharide B were administered orally for seven weeks. Groups receiving Xiaoke pill and metformin served as positive controls. The results showed that Echinops polysaccharide B treatment normalized the weight and blood sugar levels in the type 2 diabetes mellitus rats, increased muscle and liver glycogen content, improved glucose tolerance, increased insulin secretion, and reduced glucagon and insulin resistance indices. More importantly, Echinops polysaccharide B treatment upregulated the expression of insulin receptor in the liver, skeletal muscles, and pancreas, and significantly improved the expression levels of insulin receptor substrate-2 protein in the liver and pancreas, as well as it increased insulin receptor substrate-1 expression in skeletal muscles. These two proteins play crucial roles in increasing insulin secretion and in controlling type 2 diabetes mellitus. The findings of the present study suggest that Echinops polysaccharide B could improve the status of diabetes in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats, which may be achieved by improving insulin resistance. Our study provides a new insight into the development of a natural drug for the control of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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