Decreases in blood perfusion of the anterior cingulate gyri in Anorexia Nervosa Restricters assessed by SPECT image analysis

We report on two cases of transient akinetic mutism after massive subarachnoid haemorrhage due to the rupture of an intracranial aneurysm of the anterior cerebral artery (ACA). In the two cases, vasospasm could not be demonstrated by imaging studies throughout the clinical course. Both patients shared common radiological features: a hydrocephalus due to haemorrhagic contamination of the ventricular system and a mass effect of a subpial hematoma on the borders of the corpus callosum. Patients were also investigated using auditory event-related evoked potentials at acute stage. In contrast to previous observations of akinetic mutism, P300 wave could not be recorded. Both patients had good recovery and we hypothesized that this unexpectedly favourable outcome was due to the absence of permanent structural damage to the ACA territory, with only transient dysfunction due to a reversible mass effect on cingulate gyri.

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Deep Brain Stimulation as a Treatment Approach for Anorexia Nervosa: a Systematic Literature Review

Arquivos Brasileiros de Neurocirurgia Brazilian Neurosurgery ◽

10.1055/s-0039-1685486 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 38 (03) ◽

pp. 175-182 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ledismar José da Silva ◽

Tâmara Husein Naciff ◽

Maria Flávia Vaz de Oliveira

Keyword(s):

Anorexia Nervosa ◽

Deep Brain Stimulation ◽

Brain Stimulation ◽

Anterior Cingulate ◽

Stria Terminalis ◽

Electrode Implantation ◽

Bed Nucleus ◽

Negative Impacts ◽

Deep Brain

AbstractAnorexia nervosa is a psychiatric disorder characterized by distortions of body size, weight, and shape perception, as well as by food restriction and/or binge and purging behaviors. It mostly affects young women and causes severe negative impacts on their physical, psychological, and social health. Recent studies have analyzed deep brain stimulation (DBS), a neurosurgical procedure that involves electrode implantation in strategical brain areas, to obtain remission of the symptoms of anorexia nervosa. The results showed that the stimulation of areas associated to the neurocircuitry of anorexia nervosa, such as nucleus accumbens, anterior cingulate cortex, ventral striatum, and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, provokes beneficial responses in terms of body mass index, quality of life, social functioning, and psychiatric comorbidities. Nevertheless, broader investigations are needed to endorse the clinical usage of DBS in the management of anorexia nervosa.

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Increased anticipatory but decreased consummatory brain responses to food in sisters of anorexia nervosa patients

BJPsych Open ◽

10.1192/bjpo.bp.115.002550 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 255-261 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Stefanie Horndasch ◽

Sophie O'Keefe ◽

Anneka Lamond ◽

Katie Brown ◽

Ciara McCabe

Keyword(s):

Anorexia Nervosa ◽

Family History ◽

Neural Response ◽

Anterior Cingulate ◽

Neural Responses ◽

Food Cues ◽

Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽

Brain Responses ◽

History Of ◽

Increased Activity

BackgroundWe have previously shown increased anticipatory and consummatory neural responses to rewarding and aversive food stimuli in women recovered from anorexia nervosa (AN).AimsTo determine whether these differences are trait markers for AN, we examined the neural response in those with a familial history but no personal history of AN.MethodThirty-six volunteers were recruited: 15 who had a sister with anorexia nervosa (family history) and 21 control participants. Using fMRI we examined the neural response during an anticipatory phase (food cues, rewarding and aversive), an effort phase and a consummatory phase (rewarding and aversive tastes).ResultsFamily history (FH) volunteers showed increased activity in the caudate during the anticipation of both reward and aversive food and in the thalamus and amygdala during anticipation of aversive only. FH had decreased activity in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, the pallidum and the superior frontal gyrus during taste consumption.ConclusionsIncreased neural anticipatory but decreased consummatory responses to food might be a biomarker for AN. Interventions that could normalise these differences may help to prevent disorder onset.

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