The perceptions on male circumcision as a preventive measure against HIV infection and considerations in scaling up of the services: a qualitative study among police officers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Introduction: Voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) is a scientifically proven HIV prevention intervention. Uganda, like many countries has been implementing VMMC for over 10 years but uptake is still low especially in northern Uganda. To attain 80% needed for public health impact, scale-up was recommended with many innovations implemented with sub-optimal results. This study therefore wanted to find out some of the correlates of VMMC uptake in Gulu district, northern Uganda. Methods: Two studies were conducted separately but data was analyzed for this study. For the quantitative study, propor- tions and frequencies were used to measure perception of increased risk of HIV infection using age, gender, occupation, marital and circumcision status. Qualitative study provided data from FGDs, IDIs and KIIs were first transcribed in Acholi and then translated in English. Transcripts were uploaded in MAXDQA software for data management. A code book for emerging themes was developed. Results: A total of 548 respondents were interviewed for the quantitative study, where two thirds (66%) of the participants perceived themselves to be at increased risk of HIV infection. For the qualitative study, 149 participants from 19 FGDs, 11 KIIs and 9 IDIs were interviewed. Data were analyzed thematically using both inductive and deductive approaches. Devices were preferred to conventional surgery while mobile services were preferred to static services. However, there were diver- gent views regarding circumcision service providers’ socio-demographics and these were influenced mainly by age, level of education and location. Conclusion: People in Northern Uganda perceived themselves to be at an increased risk of HIV infection. They preferred devices to conventional surgery, mobile services to static services but had varying views about the socio-demographics of the service providers. Keywords: Male circumcision; challenges; HIV prevention.

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A qualitative study of perceived risk for HIV transmission among police officers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/1471-2458-13-785 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Edith AM Tarimo ◽

Thecla W Kohi ◽

Muhammad Bakari ◽

Asli Kulane

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Police Officers ◽

Perceived Risk ◽

Hiv Transmission ◽

Dar Es Salaam

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Balancing collective responsibility, individual opportunities and risks: a qualitative study on how police officers reason around volunteering in an HIV vaccine trial in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/1471-2458-10-292 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Edith AM Tarimo ◽

Anna Thorson ◽

Thecla W Kohi ◽

Joachim Mwami ◽

Muhammad Bakari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Police Officers ◽

Vaccine Trial ◽

Collective Responsibility ◽

Dar Es Salaam ◽

Hiv Vaccine

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Behavioral aspects of male circumcision for the prevention of HIV infection

Current HIV/AIDS Reports ◽

10.1007/s11904-009-0025-9 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 187-193 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Lisa Eaton ◽

Seth C. Kalichman

Keyword(s):

Hiv Infection ◽

Male Circumcision ◽

Behavioral Aspects ◽

Prevention Of Hiv

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[De]-Centering the Victim: Police Perceptions of Victims of Sexual Violence through a Comparative Lens of Evidence Collection and Processing

Feminist Criminology ◽

10.1177/15570851211031991 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 155708512110319

Author(s):

Deborah White ◽

Lesley McMillan

Keyword(s):

Sexual Assault ◽

Qualitative Study ◽

Sexual Violence ◽

Thematic Analysis ◽

Police Officers ◽

Evidence Collection ◽

Police Perceptions

Police are central to the statutory response to sexual violence, shaping the direction an investigation may take. Evidence provided by victims is also key to the processing of sexual assault cases. From a 2013 comparative qualitative study involving interviews with police officers in one province in Canada ( n = 11) and one region in Scotland ( n = 10) who investigate such cases, we discovered striking unanticipated differences between the two groups in terms of how they perceived victims and the evidence they provide. This paper presents a thematic analysis of these data and considers possible implications and explanations.

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Male circumcision and global HIV/AIDS epidemic challenges

African Journal of Urology ◽

10.1186/s12301-019-0005-2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Emiola Oluwabunmi Olapade-Olaopa ◽

Mudasiru Adebayo Salami ◽

Taiwo Akeem Lawal

Keyword(s):

Sexual Behavior ◽

Male Circumcision ◽

Preventive Measure ◽

Population Level ◽

Surgical Removal ◽

Main Body ◽

Prevention Measures ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Aids Epidemic ◽

Hiv Aids

Abstract Background Given the devastating mortality and morbidity associated with HIV/AIDS, many potential prevention measures against HIV infection continue to be explored. Most prevention methods are in the realm of sexual behavior change. However, of all aspects of human behavior, it is sexual behavior that is least amenable to change. Newer and simpler interventions are therefore required. Male circumcision, the surgical removal of some or all of the foreskin (or prepuce) from the penis, is one of the ways being promoted as a preventive measure. This paper reviews the scientific basis and evidence for the efficacy of male circumcision within the context of the global challenges involved. Main body We reviewed articles with emphasis on male circumcision and HIV/AIDS transmission. Published abstracts of presentations at international scientific meetings were also reviewed. Conclusions Current epidemiological evidence supports the promotion of male circumcision for HIV prevention, especially in populations with high HIV prevalence and low circumcision rates. Three notable randomized control trials strengthen the case for applied research studies to demonstrate that safe male circumcision is protective at the population level, particularly as ideal and well-resourced conditions of a randomized trial are often not replicated in other service delivery settings. Ethically and culturally responsive strategies in promoting circumcision in a culturally heterogenous world need to be developed, too. Male circumcision should also be viewed as a complementary measure along with other proven approaches to turn the HIV/AIDS epidemic around.

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