Male gonadal dose of ionizing radiation delivered during X-ray examinations and monthly probability of pregnancy: a population-based retrospective study

Objective: Physicians who often request for computed tomography (CT) scan examinations are expected to have sound knowledge of radiation exposure (risks) to patients in line with the basic radiation protection principles according to the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), the Protection of Persons Undergoing Medical Exposure or Treatment (POPUMET), and the Ionizing Radiation (Medical Exposure) Regulations (IR(ME)R). The aim is to assess the level of requesting physicians’ knowledge of ionizing radiation from CT scan examinations in two Nigerian tertiary hospitals. Materials and Methods: An 18-item-based questionnaire was distributed to 141 practicing medical doctors, excluding radiologists with work experience from 0 to >16 years in two major teaching hospitals in Nigeria with a return rate of 69%, using a voluntary sampling technique. Results: The results showed that 25% of the respondents identified CT thorax, abdomen, and pelvis examination as having the highest radiation risk, while 22% said that it was a conventional chest X-ray. Furthermore, 14% concluded that CT head had the highest risk while 9% gave their answer to be conventional abdominal X-ray. In addition, 17% inferred that magnetic resonance imaging had the highest radiation risk while 11% had no idea. Furthermore, 25.5% of the respondents have had training on ionizing radiation from CT scan examinations while 74.5% had no training. Majority (90%) of the respondents were not aware of the ICRP guidelines for requesting investigations with very little (<3%) or no knowledge (0%) on the POPUMET and the IR(ME)R respectively. Conclusion: There is low level of knowledge of ionizing radiation from CT scan examinations among requesting physicians in the study locations.

Download Full-text

Utilization of Simulated Grid (SimGrid™) Technology for the Reduction of Ionizing Radiation Dose on X-ray Examination in Obese Patients

Case Medical Research ◽

10.31525/ct1-nct04161924 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

Radiation Dose ◽

Ionizing Radiation ◽

Obese Patients ◽

X Ray

Download Full-text

Comment on Jourdain et al. Article “is Exposure to Ionizing Radiation Associated with Childhood Cardiac Arrhythmia in the Russian Territories Contaminated by the Chernobyl Fallout? A Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study”

Радиационная биология Радиоэкология ◽

10.31857/s086980312006017x ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 60 (6) ◽

pp. 671-672

Author(s):

R. I. Goncharova

Keyword(s):

Ionizing Radiation ◽

Cardiac Arrhythmia ◽

Population Based ◽

Chernobyl Fallout ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Population Based Study

Download Full-text

Diurnal Salivary Cortisol in Sarcopenic Postmenopausal Women: The OsteoLaus Cohort

Calcified Tissue International ◽

10.1007/s00223-021-00863-y ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Elena Gonzalez Rodriguez ◽

Pedro Marques-Vidal ◽

Bérengère Aubry-Rozier ◽

Georgios Papadakis ◽

Martin Preisig ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Salivary Cortisol ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Body Composition Assessment ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

X Ray ◽

Free Cortisol ◽

Cortisol Levels ◽

The Relationship

AbstractSarcopenia, similar to hypercortisolism, is characterized by loss of muscle mass and strength. Cortisol circadian rhythm changes with aging (blunted late-day nadir values) were suggested to contribute to this decline. We aimed to explore the relationship between diurnal salivary cortisol values and sarcopenia diagnosis and its components in postmenopausal women. This is a cross-sectional study within the OsteoLaus population-based cohort in Lausanne (Switzerland). Participants had a body composition assessment by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), a grip strength (GS) measure, and salivary cortisol measures (at awakening, 30 min thereafter, 11 AM (sc-11AM) and 8 PM (sc-8PM)). Associations between salivary cortisol and sarcopenia diagnosed by six different criteria (based on appendicular lean mass (ALM) assessed by DXA, and muscle strength by GS), and its components, were analyzed. 471 women aged > 50 years (63.0 ± 7.5) were included. Various definitions identified different participants as sarcopenic, who consistently presented higher salivary cortisol at 11 AM and/or 8 PM. There were no associations between salivary cortisol levels and ALM measures, either absolute or after correction to height squared (ALM index) or body mass index. GS was inversely correlated to sc-11AM (r = − 0.153, p < 0.001) and sc-8PM (r = − 0.118, p = 0.002). Each 10 nmol/l increase of sc-11AM, respectively sc-8PM, was associated with a GS decrease of 1.758 (SE 0.472) kg, respectively 2.929 (SE 1.115) kg. In postmenopausal women, sarcopenia is associated with higher salivary cortisol levels at 11 AM and 8 PM. An increase of daily free cortisol levels in the physiological range could participate to sarcopenia development by decreasing muscle function in postmenopausal women.

Download Full-text