scholarly journals Correlation of biomarkers for parasite burden and immune activation with acute kidney injury in severe falciparum malaria

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Plewes ◽  
Annick A Royakkers ◽  
Josh Hanson ◽  
Md Mahtab Hasan ◽  
Shamsul Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Immune Activation ◽  
Parasite Burden ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Severe Falciparum Malaria

scholarly journals Severe falciparum malaria treated with artesunate complicated by delayed onset haemolysis and acute kidney injury

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Plewes ◽  
Md Shafiul Haider ◽  
Hugh W F Kingston ◽  
Tsin W Yeo ◽  
Aniruddha Ghose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Delayed Onset ◽  
Severe Falciparum Malaria

scholarly journals Identifying Prognostic Factors of Severe Metabolic Acidosis and Acute Kidney Injury in African Children with Severe Falciparum Malaria: A Secondary Analysis of A Randomised Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Wezi Mzumara ◽  
Stije Stije Leopold ◽  
Kevin Marsh ◽  
Arjen Dondorp ◽  
Eric Ohuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Metabolic Acidosis ◽  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Severe Anaemia ◽  
Severe Metabolic Acidosis ◽  
Prognostic Features ◽  
African Children ◽  
Severe Falciparum Malaria

Abstract IntroductionSevere metabolic acidosis and acute kidney injury are major causes of mortality in children with severe malaria but are often underdiagnosed in low resource settings. MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of the ‘Artesunate vs Quinine in the treatment of severe falciparum malaria in African children’ (AQUAMAT) trial to identify clinical features of severe metabolic acidosis and acute kidney injury in 5425 children from nine African countries. Separate models were fitted for acute kidney injury and severe metabolic acidosis. Separate univariable and multivariable logistic regression were performed to identify prognostic factors for severe metabolic acidosis (SMA) and acute kidney injury (AKI). Both analyses adjusted for the trial arm. A forward selection approach was used for model building of the logistic models and a threshold of 5% statistical significance was used for inclusion of variables into the final logistic model. Model performance was assessed through calibration, discrimination, and internal validation with bootstrapping. ResultsThere were 2296 children identified with Severe metabolic acidosis and 1110 with Acute Kidney Injury. Prognostic features of SMA among them were: deep breathing (OR: 5.41, CI: 4.26 – 6.89), hypoglycaemia (OR: 5.22, CI: 3.80 – 7.18), AKI (OR: 3.99, CI: 3.30 – 4.81), coma ( OR: 1.79 CI: 1.36 – 2.35), respiratory distress (OR: 1.49, CI: 1.21 – 1.83), prostration (OR: 1.64 CI: 1.30 – 2.03) and severe anaemia (OR: 1.40, CI: 1.11 – 1.77). Features associated with AKI were; older children(OR: 1.20, CI: 1.15 – 1.25), coma (2.47, CI: 1.78 – 3.42), Prostration (OR: 1.52 CI: 1.14 – 2.02), decompensated shock (OR: 1.74, CI: 1.15 – 2.63), black water fever (CI: 1.81. CI: 1.22 – 2.69), jaundice (OR: 3.31 CI: 2.01 – 5.47), SMA (OR: 4.02 CI:3.30 – 4.89), mild anaemia (OR: 1.36, CI: 1.05 – 1.76), severe anaemia (OR: 1.48, CI: 1.11 – 1.96), hypoglycaemia (OR: 2.02, CI: 1.58 – 2.59), hypernatremia (OR: 5.74, CI: 2.69 – 12.26) and hyperkalaemia (OR: 5.31. CI: 4.15 – 6.80). ConclusionClinical and laboratory parameters representing contributors and consequences of severe metabolic acidosis and acute kidney injury were independently associated with these outcomes. The model can be useful for identifying patients at high risk of these complications where laboratory assessments are not routinely available.

scholarly journals Acute kidney injury in imported Plasmodium falciparum malaria

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liese C. Koopmans ◽  
Marlies E. van Wolfswinkel ◽  
Dennis A. Hesselink ◽  
Ewout J. Hoorn ◽  
Rob Koelewijn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria

scholarly journals Collapsing glomerulopathy and hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with falciparum malaria: completely reversible acute kidney injury

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 286-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Balkrishna Kute ◽  
Hargovind L. Trivedi ◽  
Aruna V. Vanikar ◽  
Pankaj R. Shah ◽  
Manoj R. Gumber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome ◽  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Collapsing Glomerulopathy ◽  
Uremic Syndrome

scholarly journals Acute Kidney Injury in Children with Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria: Determinants for Mortality

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajniti Prasad ◽  
Om P. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Renal Involvement ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smear ◽  
Systemic Complications ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Duration Of Illness

Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) in P. falciparum malaria infection is an important morbidity in children. The purpose of the present study was done to observe the renal involvement, associated morbidities and outcome. Methods Out of 156 patients with severe P. falciparum malaria, diagnosed on the basis of compatible clinical presentations and positive malarial parasites in the peripheral blood smear and/or histidine rich protein 2 antigen, 31 had AKI at presentation and were analyzed. Results Of 31 (19.9%) patients with AKI, 4 were classified at risk, 11 injury, and 16 failure stage, as per pRIFLE criteria (pediatric version of RIFLE [R = risk, I = injury, F = failure, L = loss E = end-stage kidney disease]). Mean age of children with AKI was 7.7 ± 3.2 years. A significantly higher proportion of patients with AKI had hypoglycemia (41.9%), pulmonary edema (32.2%), and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) (29.0%) compared to those without AKI (18.4%, 4.8%, and 3.2%, respectively). Twelve patients (38.7%) required peritoneal dialysis (PD), 8 (25.8%) died, and all were in failure stage. The non-survivors had significantly higher blood urea ( p = 0.005) and serum creatinine levels ( p = 0.042), lower glomerular filtration rate ( p < 0.001), longer duration of illness ( p = 0.003), and oliguria/anuria ( p = 0.001) than survivors at admission. On logistic regression analysis, the disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), jaundice and parasite density (≥ 3+) were found to be significant factors contributing to mortality in children with AKI. Conclusions Acute kidney injury in falciparum malaria is one of the severe systemic complications. Duration of illness and presence of comorbidities adversely affected the outcome.

scholarly journals A Study on the Effect of N-Acetylcysteine on Acute Kidney Injury due to Falciparum Malaria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gurupada Das ◽  
Bibhu Prasad Behera ◽  
Purna Chandra Karua ◽  
Rama Chandra Sethy
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Tubular Secretion ◽  
P Value ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) occurs most commonly in Plasmodium falciparum infection. Next to cerebral malaria and anaemia, AKI is the third most common complication of falciparum malaria. N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) has been shown to decrease serum creatinine without affecting the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) by activating creatinine kinase and possibly by increasing tubular secretion. Aim: To study the effect of NAC on improvement and deterioration of falciparum malarial AKI. Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study was undertaken on 100 patients of falciparum malaria with AKI who were admitted to the Department of General Medicine ward, VSSIMSAR, Burla, Odisha from November 2014 to October 2016. Patients who were treated with NAC were considered as NAC group (n=50) and those who were not given were considered as Non N-Acetylcysteine (NNAC) group (n=50). In both the groups serum creatinine level and urine output were compared on day 1, day 3 and on day 5 of the study. Graph pad instat version-3 for windows was used for various statistical analyses. The numerical value was compared by Chi-square test. The comparison of mean values among the NAC and NNAC groups was performed by student t-test. The p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 63 males and 37 females were included in the study. Most of the cases were present in 15-34 years age group in both NAC and NNAC groups. The mean age of the patients for NAC group was 33.3±12.8 years and for NNAC group was 33.2±12.1 years with majority being males in both the groups. Out of 50 cases who were given NAC 600 mg twice daily for five days, 28 (56%) cases improved in AKI on day 5 as compared to day 1 of the study in NAC group. Similarly, out of 50 cases who were not given NAC, 26 (52%) cases improved in AKI on day 5 as compared to day 1 of the study in NNAC group. There was no difference in patients showing improvement in AKI after NAC therapy compared to patients with NNAC (χ2, 0.04; p=0.841). Conclusion: In NAC group, improvement of falciparum malarial AKI after five days was found to be little bit more as compared to the NNAC group, though it did not reach statistically significant difference.

scholarly journals Falciparum malaria associated acute kidney injury with polyneuropathy and intra-arterial thrombosis (stroke)

2022 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nausheen Butt ◽  
Ejaz Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Arterial Thrombosis ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Sensory Neuropathy ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Neurological Manifestations ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Body Ache

Abstract Background Malaria is still major problem in developing countries, such as Pakistan. Besides fever, body ache and vomiting it can present with acute kidney injury, proteinuria, hematuria and cerebral manifestations which are more common with falciparum malaria. Neurological manifestations are rare presentation of malaria and should be consider in patients who are admitting with features of neuropathy and stroke. Case presentation We describe an unusual case of falciparum malaria, complicated by acute kidney injury who developed Polyneuropathy and intra-arterial thrombosis in middle cerebral artery territory. Our patient recovered his renal functions during admission and recovered his power and sensation in his limbs as well after 1 month. Conclusion Malaria cause neurological manifestations including axonal and sensory neuropathy, cerebral venous and arterial thrombosis, PMNS, cerebellar signs and symptoms, psychosis, etc. With prompt diagnosis and early treatment they can be cure and regain their motor and sensory functions to normal level.

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