scholarly journals Uncoupling proteins, dietary fat and the metabolic syndrome

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janis S Fisler ◽  
Craig H Warden
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Uncoupling Proteins ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

scholarly journals Total and Subtypes of Dietary Fat Intake and Its Association with Components of the Metabolic Syndrome in a Mediterranean Population at High Cardiovascular Risk

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia Julibert ◽  
Maria Bibiloni ◽  
Cristina Bouzas ◽  
Miguel Martínez-González ◽  
Jordi Salas-Salvadó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Mediterranean Population ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Dietary Fat Intake ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Total Fat

Background: The effect of dietary fat intake on the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and in turn on cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains unclear in individuals at high CVD risk. Objective: To assess the association between fat intake and MetS components in an adult Mediterranean population at high CVD risk. Design: Baseline assessment of nutritional adequacy in participants (n = 6560, men and women, 55–75 years old, with overweight/obesity and MetS) in the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED)-Plus randomized trial. Methods: Assessment of fat intake (total fat, monounsatured fatty acids: MUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids: PUFA, saturated fatty acids: SFA, trans-fatty acids: trans-FA, linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, and ω-3 FA) using a validated food frequency questionnaire, and diet quality using 17-item Mediterranean dietary questionnaire and fat quality index (FQI). Results: Participants in the highest quintile of total dietary fat intake showed lower intake of energy, carbohydrates, protein and fiber, but higher intake of PUFA, MUFA, SFA, TFA, LA, ALA and ω-3 FA. Differences in MetS components were found according to fat intake. Odds (5th vs. 1st quintile): hyperglycemia: 1.3–1.6 times higher for total fat, MUFA, SFA and ω-3 FA intake; low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c): 1.2 higher for LA; hypertriglyceridemia: 0.7 lower for SFA and ω-3 FA intake. Conclusions: Dietary fats played different role on MetS components of high CVD risk patients. Dietary fat intake was associated with higher risk of hyperglycemia.

scholarly journals Impact of dietary fat quantity and quality on skeletal muscle fatty acid metabolism in subjects with the metabolic syndrome

Metabolism ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
pp. 1554-1565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anneke Jans ◽  
Anneke M.J. van Hees ◽  
Ingrid M.F. Gjelstad ◽  
Lauren M. Sparks ◽  
Audrey C. Tierney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

scholarly journals Effects of dietary fat on insulin secretion in subjects with the metabolic syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 180 (5) ◽  
pp. 321-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanne L Gulseth ◽  
Ingrid M F Gjelstad ◽  
Audrey C Tiereny ◽  
Danielle McCarthy ◽  
Julie A Lovegrove ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Intravenous Glucose ◽  
Pufa Supplementation ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Objective Impaired insulin secretion and action contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes. Dietary fat modification may improve insulin sensitivity, whereas the effect on insulin secretion is unclear. We investigated the effect of dietary fat modification on insulin secretion in subjects with the metabolic syndrome. Design In a 12-week pan-European parallel, randomized controlled dietary intervention trial (LIPGENE), 486 subjects were assigned to four isoenergetic diets: high-fat diets rich in saturated fat (HSFA) or monounsaturated fat (HMUFA) or low-fat, high-complex carbohydrate diets with (LFHCC n-3) or without (LFHCC control) 1.2 g/day of n-3 PUFA supplementation. Insulin secretion was estimated as acute insulin response to glucose (AIRg) and disposition index (DI), modeled from an intravenous glucose tolerance test. Results There were no overall effect of the dietary intervention on AIRg and DI in the total cohort, in neither the high-fat nor LFHCC groups. We observed significant diet*fasting glucose category interactions for AIRg (P = 0.021) and DI (P = 0.001) in the high-fat groups. In subjects with normal fasting glucose and preserved first phase insulin secretion, the HMUFA diet increased, whereas the HSFA diet reduced AIRg (P = 0.015) and DI (P = 0.010). Conclusions The effects of dietary fat modification on insulin secretion were minor, and only evident in normoglycemic subjects. In this case, the HMUFA diet improved AIRg and DI, as compared to the HSFA diet.

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